Pratyakshin, Pratyakṣī, Pratyakshi, Pratyakṣin: 13 definitions
Introduction:
Pratyakshin means something in Buddhism, Pali, Jainism, Prakrit, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Pratyakṣī and Pratyakṣin can be transliterated into English as Pratyaksi or Pratyakshi or Pratyaksin or Pratyakshin, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgriculturePratyakṣī (प्रत्यक्षी) refers to a “clear sight of things” [?], according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [After the Brahmin Viṣṇudatta summoned and enraged a Nāga]: “Then Vajrapāṇi, the great leader of Yakṣas, addressed the Bhagavān, ‘Look, Bhagavān, clearly (pratyakṣī-bhava) all crops have been destroyed by the harmful Nāga. How will there be shelter for all beings in the last time, in the last age, after you have departed? Therefore let the Bhagavān speak about the protection of crops and the averting of Nāgas for the sake of all crops. [Thus] all crops will be provided, protected and increased’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsPratyakṣin (प्रत्यक्षिन्) refers to “visible (phenomena)” [?], according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “The rain clouds, wind, sun, moon, earth, ocean and Indra—those [com.—which are visible (pratyakṣībhūtāḥ)], which are protected by the doctrine, are of service to the whole world. I think, that doctrine, whose progress is unimpeded, has arisen for the benefit of the world of living souls in the guise of world-protectors”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English DictionaryPratyakṣī (प्रत्यक्षी).—a (S) That sees, perceives, witnesses in person.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPratyakṣin (प्रत्यक्षिन्).—a. Witnessing in person. -m. An eyewitness.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryPratyakṣin (प्रत्यक्षिन्) or Pratyakṣa.—: in composition, tat-pratyakṣiṇ-āṃ Jātakamālā 128.8.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratyakṣin (प्रत्यक्षिन्).—mfn. (-kṣī-kṣiṇī-kṣi) Seeing, perceiving, conscious of what is perceptible. E. pratyakṣa perceptible, and ini aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pratyakṣin (प्रत्यक्षिन्):—[from praty-akṣa] mfn. seeing with one’s own eyes
2) [v.s. ...] m. an eye-witness, [Jātakamālā]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratyakṣī (प्रत्यक्षी):—[from praty-akṣa] in [compound] for kṣa.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratyakṣin (प्रत्यक्षिन्):—[(kṣī-kṣiṇī-kṣi) a.] Seeing, perceiving clearly.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Pratyakṣin (प्रत्यक्षिन्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Paccakkhi.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Pratyakshibhuta.
Full-text: Pratyakshikrita, Pratyakshikarana, Pratyakshibhu, Paccakkhi, Pratyakshikri, Pratyaksha.
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A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 3 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)