Pratirupa, Pratirūpā, Pratirūpa, Prati-rupa: 20 definitions
Introduction:
Pratirupa means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaPratirūpa (प्रतिरूप).—An asura (demon). This demon who held sway over all the worlds also died. His story was told to illustrate that there was an end to all lives. (Śloka 53, Chapter 227, Śānti Parva).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationPratirūpa (प्रतिरूप) refers to a “portrait”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.41 (“Description of the Altar-Structure”).—Accordingly, as Nārada said to Indra and others: “[...] I have been fascinated by my shining portrait (pratirūpa). Viṣṇu, Brahmā and Indra have been realistically portrayed by him. O lord of gods, why should I talk too much? He has made artificial prototypes of all the gods. No one, not a single detail, has been left out. It is for the purpose of particularly enchanting the gods that this spell has been employed by him through this caricature”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexPratirūpa (प्रतिरूप).—A daughter of Maru and wife of Kimpuruṣa.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa V. 2. 23.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: OpenEdition books: Vividhatīrthakalpaḥ (Kāvya)Pratirūpa (प्रतिरूप) in Sanskrit (or Paḍirūva in Prakrit) refers to a “replica of a statue”, as is mentioned in the Vividhatīrthakalpa by Jinaprabhasūri (13th century A.D.): an ancient text devoted to various Jaina holy places (tīrthas).
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgriculturePratirūpa (प्रतिरूप) refers to the “image (of a Nāga)” (suitable for an offering ceremony), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly [as the Bhagavān taught the detailed offering-manual], “[...] That Nāga shall not be pleased in his own residence again. If he does not send forth rain showers quickly, his life will be destroyed on the same day. Having enchanted mustard seeds one by one (ekaika) 1,008 times, when the 1,008 times is completed, the Nāga image (nāga-pratirūpa) steps forward. It expands its hood. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Jainism1) Pratirūpa (प्रतिरूप) refers to a class of bhūta deities according to both the Digambara and Śvetāmbara traditions of Jainism. The bhūtas refer to a category of vyantaras gods which represents one of the four classes of celestial beings (devas).
The deities such as the Pratirūpas are defined in ancient Jain cosmological texts such as the Saṃgrahaṇīratna in the Śvetāmbara tradition or the Tiloyapaṇṇati by Yativṛṣabha (5th century) in the Digambara tradition.
2) Pratirūpa (प्रतिरूप) is the wife of Abhicandra, who is a kulakara (law-giver) according to Śvetāmbara sources, while Digambara names his wife as Śrīmati. The kulakaras (similair to the manus of the Brahmanical tradition) figure as important characters protecting and guiding humanity towards prosperity during ancient times of distress, whenever the kalpavṛkṣa (wishing tree) failed to provide the proper service.
These law-givers and their wifes (e.g., Pratirūpā) are listed in various Jain sources, such as the Bhagavatīsūtra and Jambūdvīpaprajñapti in Śvetāmbara, or the Tiloyapaṇṇatti and Ādipurāṇa in the Digambara tradition.
Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra1) Pratirūpā (प्रतिरूपा) is the daughter of Yaśasvin and Surūpā, according to chapter 1.2 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly,
“[...] when their lives were almost ended, Yaśasvin and Surūpā had a girl and boy together like knowledge and humility. They named the son, as bright as the moon, Abhicandra, and the daughter who resembled the priyaṅgu-creeper, Pratirūpā. Having shorter lives than their parents, six hundred and fifty bows tall, united like śamī and aśvattha trees, they gradually grew up. Always they had the beautiful appearance of the holy streams Mandākinī and Yamunā with their waters mingled.
[...] Like his father, Abhicandra ruled all the twins for a long time by the same maintenance of discipline and by the same two laws. Finally twins were borne by Pratirūpā, just as the moon, desired by many creatures, is borne by the night. The parents gave the name Prasenajit to the son, and to the daughter the name Cakṣuḥkāntā, because she was pleasing to the eye. [...] After death Abhicandra was born among the Udadhikumāras, but Pratirūpā among the Nāgakumāras at the same time”.
2) Pratirūpā (प्रतिरूपा) and Svarūpa are the two Indras (i.e., lords or kings) of the Bhūtas who came to the peak of Meru for partaking in the birth-ceremonies of Ṛṣabha, according to chapter 1.2.
Source: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 4: The celestial beings (deva)Pratirupa (प्रतिरुप) refers to one of the two Indras (lords) of the Bhūta class of “peripatetic celestial beings” (vyantara), itself a main division of devas (celestial beings) according to the 2nd-century Tattvārthasūtra 4.6. Pratirupa and Svarupa are the two lords in the class ‘devil’ peripatetic celestial beings.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarypratirūpa (प्रतिरूप).—n (S) An image or a picture; any resemblance of a real form.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPratirūpa (प्रतिरूप).—a.
1) corresponding, similar, having a counter-part in; अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव (agniryathaiko bhuvanaṃ praviṣṭo rūpaṃ rūpaṃ pratirūpo babhūva) Kaṭh.2.2.9.
2) beautiful.
3) suitable, proper; इदं न प्रतिरूपं ते स्त्रीष्वदाक्षिण्यमीदृशम् (idaṃ na pratirūpaṃ te strīṣvadākṣiṇyamīdṛśam) Bu. Ch.4.66; आत्मनः प्रतिरूपं सा बभाषे चारुहासिनी (ātmanaḥ pratirūpaṃ sā babhāṣe cāruhāsinī) Rām.4. 19.17.
4) facing (abhimukha); प्रतिरूपं जनं कुर्यान्न चेत् तद् वर्तते यथा (pratirūpaṃ janaṃ kuryānna cet tad vartate yathā) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.97.16 (com. pratirūpaṃ yuddhābhimukham). (-pam) 1 a picture, an image, a likeness.
2) a mirror-like reflecting object; अदर्शनं स्वशिरसः प्रतिरूपे च सत्यपि (adarśanaṃ svaśirasaḥ pratirūpe ca satyapi) Bhāg. 1.42.28.
4) an object of comparison (upamāna); भवान्मे खलु भक्तानां सर्वेषां प्रतिरूपधृक् (bhavānme khalu bhaktānāṃ sarveṣāṃ pratirūpadhṛk) Bhāgavata 7.1.21.
Pratirūpa is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms prati and rūpa (रूप).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratirūpa (प्रतिरूप).—n.
(-paṃ) A picture, an image, the counterpart of any real form. Adj. Corresponding, suitable, proper. E. prati against, rūpa form; also with kan added, pratirūpaka .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratirūpa (प्रतिरूप).—[prati-rūpa], I. adj. Suitable, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 130, 14. Ii. n. A picture.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratirūpa (प्रतिरूप).—1. [neuter] counterpart, image, model.
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Pratirūpa (प्रतिरूप).—2. [adjective] similar, corresponding, suitable.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pratirūpa (प्रतिरूप):—[=prati-rūpa] n. the counterpart of any real form, an image, likeness, representation, [Mahābhārata; Varāha-mihira; Bhāgavata-purāṇa] (also f(ā). , [Kauṣītaki-upaniṣad])
2) [v.s. ...] a pattern, model for imitation (cf. -dhṛk below)
3) [v.s. ...] anything falsified, a counterfeit of ([genitive case]), [Viṣṇu-smṛti, viṣṇu-sūtra, vaiṣṇava-dharma-śāstra]
4) [v.s. ...] mf(ā)n. like, similar, corresponding, suitable, proper, fit, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc. (pam akurvan, not requiting, [Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa])
5) [v.s. ...] agreeable, beautiful, [Mahābhārata]
6) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a Dānava, [ib.]
7) Pratirūpā (प्रतिरूपा):—[=prati-rūpā] [from prati-rūpa] f. Name of a daughter of Meru, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratirūpa (प्रतिरूप):—[prati-rūpa] (paṃ) 1. n. A picture.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Pratirūpa (प्रतिरूप) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Paḍirūa, Paḍirūva, Paḍirūvā.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPratirupa (प्रतिरुप):—(nm) a pattern; model, prototype; specimen; simulacum; counterpart; (a) enantiomorphic; type; ~[rupī] typical; counterpart; prototype; specimen; enantiomorphic.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPratirūpa (ಪ್ರತಿರೂಪ):—[adjective] exactly the same or alike.
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Pratirūpa (ಪ್ರತಿರೂಪ):—
1) [noun] a thing sculpted, painted, etc. representing a person, thing or animal; an image.
2) [noun] the visual impression of an object as produced by a mirror; a reflection; an image.
3) [noun] that which is exactly the same or alike.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Pratirupacarya, Pratirupadhrik, Pratirupaka, Pratirupakavyavahara, Pratirupanata, Pratirupata.
Ends with: Apratirupa, Ardravallipratirupa, Nagapratirupa.
Full-text (+14): Apratirupa, Padiruva, Apratirupakatha, Yathapratirupam, Pratirupata, Pratirupacarya, Pratirupaka, Pratirupadhrik, Bhuta, Svarupa, Pratirupu, Piratirupam, Appratirupakatai, Padirua, Pratirupya, Cheka, Ugradamshtri, Abhicandra, Sattvavat, Merudevi.
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Search found 12 books and stories containing Pratirupa, Prati-rupa, Prati-rūpa, Prati-rūpā, Pratirūpā, Pratirūpa; (plurals include: Pratirupas, rupas, rūpas, rūpās, Pratirūpās, Pratirūpas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.1.68 < [Chapter 1 - Vairāgya (renunciation)]
Verse 1.3.79 < [Chapter 3 - Prapañcātīta (beyond the Material Plane)]
Bhagavati-sutra (Viyaha-pannatti) (by K. C. Lalwani)
Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation) (by Swami Lokeswarananda)
Verse 8.8.1 < [Section 8.8]
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 4.6 - The two lords (indra) < [Chapter 4 - The Celestial Beings]
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 2: Divisions of time and description of the Golden Age < [Chapter II]
Part 4: Birth ceremonies of Ṛṣabha < [Chapter II]
Bharadvaja-srauta-sutra (by C. G. Kashikar)