Pratimana, Pratimāna: 14 definitions
Introduction:
Pratimana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Partiman.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Source: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the HindusPratimāna (प्रतिमान) refers to the “part situated below the vāhittha”, according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 6, “on determination of measurements”]: “7. The two lumps of the head are known as the bosses. The part between them is known as the vidu. Below that is the avagraha. The vāhittha is the part below the bosses. 8. Below that, the pratimāna. The place between these is called the vāyukumbha (‘windboss’). But the two sides of the vāhittha of elephants shall be called the vilāgas”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraPratimāna (प्रतिमान) refers to “weight” or “scales”, as mentioned in chapter 1.5 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism. Accordingly:—“[...] Moreover, each one of the others, sons, grandsons, etc., of Bāhubali, strong as an army of ten divisions, makes even Kṛtānta afraid. His vassal-kings, etc., are their equals in devotion to the master and in power, just like weights put on the scales [i.e., pratimāna] to balance them”.
Note: Pratimāna is quoted only as ‘weight’ in the abstract, but here it must be either the weight put in one scale-pan to balance, or, perhaps, the scale itself.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPratimāna (प्रतिमान).—
1) A model, pattern; सोऽर्जुनेन हतः कर्णः प्रतिमानं धनुष्मताम् (so'rjunena hataḥ karṇaḥ pratimānaṃ dhanuṣmatām) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 8.9.18.
2) An image, idol.
3) Likeness, similitude, similarity; हेरम्बकण्ठरसितप्रतिमानमेति (herambakaṇṭharasitapratimānameti) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 9.3.
4) A weight; रत्नसारफल्गुकुप्यानामर्घप्रतिवर्णक- प्रतिमानमानोन्मानावमानभाण्डम् (ratnasāraphalgukupyānāmarghaprativarṇaka- pratimānamānonmānāvamānabhāṇḍam) Kau. Ā.2.7.25.
5) The part of an elephant's head between the tusks and below the वाहित्थ (vāhittha); Mahābhārata (Bombay) 8.28.38; also 6.46.29; पृथुप्रतिमानभाग (pṛthupratimānabhāga) &c. Śiśupālavadha 5.36, Mātaṅga L.5.7;6.8.
6) A reflection.
7) A picture.
8) Ved. An adversary.
Derivable forms: pratimānam (प्रतिमानम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratimāna (प्रतिमान).—n.
(-naṃ) 1. Resemblance, an image, picture. 2. An idol. 3. A model. 4. Likeness, similarity. 5. A reflection. 6. A weight. 7. The part of an elephant’s head between the tusks. E. prati before, mā to measure, aff. lyuṭ .
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Pratīmāna (प्रतीमान).—n.
(-naṃ) A measure of capacity. E. prati, and mā to measure, lyuṭ aff. and the vowel of the prep. made long.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratīmāna (प्रतीमान).—i. e. prati-mā + ana, n. A measure for gold, etc. (goldweights, etc.), [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 403.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPratimāna (प्रतिमान).—[neuter] measure, weight, counterpart, match, model, pattern, likeness, similarity.
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Pratīmāna (प्रतीमान).—[neuter] counter measure.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pratimāna (प्रतिमान):—[=prati-māna] n. a counterpart, well-matched opponent, adversary, [Ṛg-veda]
2) [v.s. ...] a model, pattern, [Mahābhārata; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
3) [v.s. ...] an image, picture, idol, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) [v.s. ...] comparison, likeness, similarity, resemblance, [Mahābhārata; Mālatīmādhava]
5) [v.s. ...] a weight, [Viṣṇu-smṛti, viṣṇu-sūtra, vaiṣṇava-dharma-śāstra; Yājñavalkya] (cf. pratī-m)
6) [v.s. ...] = -bhāga, [Mahābhārata]
7) Pratīmāna (प्रतीमान):—[=pratī-māna] [from pratī] n. (cf. prati-m) a weight (measure), [Manu-smṛti viii, 403.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pratimāna (प्रतिमान):—[prati-māna] (naṃ) 1. n. Part of the elephant’s head between the tusks; resemblance, likeness; an image.
2) Pratīmāna (प्रतीमान):—[pratī-māna] (naṃ) 1. n. A measure.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Pratimāna (प्रतिमान) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Paḍimāṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPratimāna (प्रतिमान) [Also spelled partiman]:—(um) a pattern, specimen; prototype; standard.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPratimāna (ಪ್ರತಿಮಾನ):—
1) [noun] the likening of one thing to another on the basis of some similarity between the two; analogy.
2) [noun] any thing or person that is same, similar or equal; an equal.
3) [noun] an optical counterpart or appearance of an object, as is produced by reflection from a mirror, a shining surface, unperturbed water, etc.; an image.
4) [noun] something made by reproducing; copy, close imitation, duplication, etc.; reproduction.
5) [noun] the part of an elephant’s head between its tusks (or corresponding part of tuskless elephants).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryPratimāna (प्रतिमान):—n. 1. image; shadow; 2. model; pattern; 3. specimen; standard;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Pratimanabhaga, Pratimanakalpa, Pratimanana, Pratimanayati, Pratimanayitavya.
Full-text (+16): Apratimana, Pratimanabhaga, Pratimanakalpa, Vayukumbha, Padimana, Pirutumanam, Pratima, Pratiman, Partiman, Sulakshita, Piratimanam, Antarala, Nishpratimana, Samibhu, Akalpa, Agra, Srikva, Naikarika, Valihina, Subhaga.
Relevant text
Search found 14 books and stories containing Pratimana, Pratimāna, Pratīmāna, Prati-mana, Prati-māna, Pratī-māna; (plurals include: Pratimanas, Pratimānas, Pratīmānas, manas, mānas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 8.403 < [Section XLVIII - Laws relating to Civic Misdemeanours]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Page 129 < [Volume 11 (1911)]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Page 68 < [Volume 8 (1886)]
Ganitatilaka (Sanskrit text and English introduction) (by H. R. Kapadia)
Part 17 - Four kinds of Pramana (measure) < [Introduction]
Brihat Jataka by Varahamihira [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 27.19 < [Chapter 27 - The Character of the Drekkana]