Pratikula, Pratikūla, Prati-kula: 17 definitions
Introduction:
Pratikula means something in Buddhism, Pali, Jainism, Prakrit, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Pratikul.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल) refers to the “repugnant nature (of food)”, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 35.—Accordingly, [while discussing the ten notions (daśasaṃjñā)]: “[...] Others say that the ten and the nine notions are equally detachment and, together, nirvāṇa. Why? [...] 5. When food is in the mouth, the cervical saliva runs down and, together with the mucus, becomes flavor, but swallowing is no different from vomiting, and penetrates the stomach: hence āhāre pratikūla-saṃjñā, the notion of the repugnant nature of food, [the fourth of the ten notions]. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल) refers to “opposite”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “When Yama is an opponent [com.—pratikūla—‘opposite’] of embodied souls, all elephants, horses, men, and soldiers and the powers of mantras and medicines become useless. While any person does not hear the merciless roaring of Yama’s lion, in that time he leaps about having pleasure in only [his own] power”.
Synonyms: Vipakṣa.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
pratikūla (प्रतिकूल).—a S pop. pratikūḷa a Contrary, adverse, opposing, hostile. 2 Used as s n An adverse accident or occurrence.
pratikula (प्रतिकुल).—a pratikūḷa a Contrary, adverse. n An adverse accident.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल).—a.
1) unfavourable, adverse, contrary, hostile, opposite, प्रतिकूलतामुपगते हि विधौ विफलत्व- मेति बहुसाधनता (pratikūlatāmupagate hi vidhau viphalatva- meti bahusādhanatā) Śiśupālavadha 9.6; Kumārasambhava 3.24.
2) harsh, discordant. unpleasant, disagreeable; अप्यन्नपुष्टा प्रतिकूलशब्दा (apyannapuṣṭā pratikūlaśabdā) Kumārasambhava 1. 45.
3) inauspicious.
4) contradictory.
5) reverse, inverted.
6) perverse, cross, peevish, stubborn. °आचार- णम्, °आचरितम् (ācāra- ṇam, °ācaritam) any offensive or hostile action or conduct; प्रतिकूलाचरितं क्षमख मे (pratikūlācaritaṃ kṣamakha me) R.8.81. °उक्तम्, -क्तिः (uktam, -ktiḥ) f. a contradiction. °कारिन्, -कृत, -चारिन्, -वत्ति (kārin, -kṛta, -cārin, -vatti) a. opposing. °दर्शन (darśana) a. having an inauspicious or ungracious appearance. °प्रवर्तिन्, -वर्तिन् (pravartin, -vartin) a. acting adversely, taking an adverse course. °भाषिन् (bhāṣin) a. opposing, contradicting. °वचनम् (vacanam) disagreeable or unpleasant speech. °वादः (vādaḥ) contradiction. (pratikūlatā, -tvam adverseness, opposition, hostility. prati- kūlayati 'to oppose'.).
Pratikūla is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms prati and kūla (कूल).
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Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल).—ind.
1) adversely, contrarily.
2) inversely, in inverted order.
Pratikūla is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms prati and kūla (कूल).
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल).—(?) , nt., would seem to be a part of a city gate: (teṣāṃ dvārāṇāṃ dvinnāṃ) varṇānāṃ pratikūlaṃ [Page361-b+ 71] abhūṣi, suvarṇasya ca rūpyasya ca Mahāvastu iii.228.8. The parallel passage i.195.10 ff. seems, as far as I see, to have no correspondent, unless far-reaching corruption has concealed relationship. Could this be for *prati-kūṭa, as if counter-pinnacle?
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल).—mfn.
(-laḥ-lā-laṃ) 1. Contrary, adverse, cross-grained, reverse, inverted. 2. Contradictory, cross, perverse. 3. Inauspicious. 4. Unpleasant, disagreeable. E. prati for pratīpa averted, and kūla a bank or shore.
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल).—[prati-kūla], I. adj., f. lā. 1. Contrary, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 11261; disagreeable, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 104. 2. Contradictory, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 30, 14. 3. Hostile, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 9, 80; pratikūleṣu sthita, Refractory, 9, 275. 4. Disastrous, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] 7, 16. 5. Perverse, Mahābhārata 13, 3403. Ii. pratikūlam, adv. 1. Contrary, [Rāmāyaṇa] 6, 90, 26. 2. Inversely, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 10, 31.
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल).—[adjective] adverse (lit. against the shore), contrary, opposite, unfavourable, inauspicious, rebellious, inimical; [abstract] tā [feminine]
— [neuter] inverted order, also as [adverb] kūlam inversely, contrarily.
1) Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल):—[=prati-kūla] mf(ā)n. ‘against the bank’ (opp. to anu-kūla q.v.), contrary, adverse, opposite, inverted, wrong, refractory, inimical, disagreeable, unpleasant, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
2) [=prati-kūla] n. inverted order, opposition
3) [v.s. ...] (ena, in inv° o°, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]; leṣu sthitaḥ, offering opposition, [Manu-smṛti ix, 275])
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल):—[prati-kūla] (laḥ-lā-laṃ) a. Contrary, adverse, reverse, opposed to.
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल):—(1. pra + kūla) adj. f. ā widrig (eig. und übertr.; Gegens. anukūla) [Amarakoṣa 3, 2, 33. 3, 4, 1, 7.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1465.] [Halāyudha 4, 58. 71. 5, 22.] māruta, vāyu [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 30, 31.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 46, 139.] daiva [Harivaṃśa 11261.] [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 8, 15.] [Raghuvaṃśa 6, 58.] [Śākuntala 7, 16.] jyotīṃṣi [Mahābhārata 3, 13085.] budha der Planet Mercur [Harivaṃśa 1356.] pratikūlaṃ taccakāra yamaśāsanam verkehrt [Mahābhārata 13, 3403.] vākya Gegenrede [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 30, 14. 45, 1.] vākyamapratikūlam [44, 10.] śabda widrig, unangenehm [Kumārasaṃbhava 1, 46.] adharmajanyaṃ duḥkhaṃ syātpratikūlaṃ sacetasām [Bhāṣāpariccheda 144.] dīpo netrāntarasyeva pratikūlāsi me dṛḍham [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 100, 17.] (tava) kariṣyanti pratikūlāni was Euch unangenehm ist [Mahābhārata 15, 348.] ātmanaḥ pratikūlāni pareṣāṃ na samācaret [Spr. 3047.] na tatparasya saṃdadhyātpratikūlaṃ yadātmanaḥ [1383.] [Yājñavalkya’s Gesetzbuch 3, 283.] [Suśruta 2, 537, 7.] [Mahābhārata 13, 126.] [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 21, 35.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 84, 18.] vedanīya [TARKAS. 53.] pratikūleṣu sthitān in Opposition stehend [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 9, 275.] sich widersetzend, in Opposition stehend, widersetzlich, sich auflehnend wider (gen.); von Personen [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 9, 80.] [Yājñavalkya’s Gesetzbuch 2, 142.] pratikūlaḥ pituryaśca na sa putraḥ satāṃ mataḥ [Mahābhārata 1, 3523. 3, 1355.] [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 44, 21. 45, 11.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 4, 28, 7.] [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 69, 60. 72, 7.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 41, 16.] [SĀH. 75, 22.] (nahi) bauddhāśca naḥ pratikūlāḥ syuḥ [] zu [Bṛhadāranyakopaniṣad] [S. 7. 104.] a [Śāṅkhāyana’s Gṛhyasūtrāṇi 1, 12.] sarvatrāpratikūlastasya [Mahābhārata 1, 741.] pratikūlam adv. entgegen, gegen die natürliche Weise, in umgekehrter Ordnung [Atharvavedasaṃhitā 5, 14, 13.] [Taittirīyasaṃhitā 7, 5, 7, 4.] [Kāṭhaka-Recension 33, 7.] pra vavau vāyuḥ [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 90, 26.] vartamāna [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 10, 31.] pratikūlena dass. [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 28, 9.] — Vgl. prātikūlika. prātikūlya .
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Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल):—feindselig gestimmt: svāmin [Spr. 5377.] — Die urspr. Bed. ist gegen das Ufer angehend.
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल):——
1) Adj. (f. ā) — a) *gegen das Ufer angehend , bergauf gehend. — b) widrig (Wind , Schicksal , Gottheit , Gestirn , Vorzeichen). — c) entgegen gerichtet. vākya n. so v.a. Gegenrede. — d) verkehrt. — e) widrig , unangenehm. — f) feindselig gesinnt , sich widersetzend , widersetzlich , in Opposition stehend , sich auflehnend gegen (Gen.). —
2) pratikūlam Adv. entgegen , gegen die natürliche Weise , in umgekehrter Ordnung. —
3) n. — a) umgekehrte Ordnung. lena in u. O. — b) Opposition. leṣu sthiṃtaḥ in O stehend.
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Paḍikūla.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल) [Also spelled pratikul]:—(a) adverse, unfavourable; contrary; opposite; hostile; ~[kārī] opponent, adversary; ~[darśana] repulsive; ominous, inauspicious; ~[vāda] contradiction.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Pratikūla (ಪ್ರತಿಕೂಲ):—
1) [adjective] of or relating to the opposite bank (as of a river).
2) [adjective] not favorable; not propitious; adverse; contrary; disadvantageous; unfavourfable.
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Pratikūla (ಪ್ರತಿಕೂಲ):—
1) [noun] the opposite bank (of a river).
2) [noun] an adverse, disadvantageous or unfavourable condition, thing, etc.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Pratikūla (प्रतिकूल):—adj. 1. reverse; adverse; disagreeable; opposed; negative; unfavorable; 2. hostile; opposite; rival; 3. contradictory;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Prati, Kula, Kola.
Starts with (+5): Pratikulabhashin, Pratikulacarita, Pratikuladaiva, Pratikuladaivata, Pratikuladarshana, Pratikulakarin, Pratikulakrit, Pratikulam, Pratikulana, Pratikulapravartin, Pratikulasamjna, Pratikulashabda, Pratikulata, Pratikulatas, Pratikulate, Pratikulatva, Pratikulavacana, Pratikulavada, Pratikulavadin, Pratikulavarna.
Full-text (+43): Pratikulata, Pratikulam, Pratikulakarin, Pratikulakrit, Pratikulavritti, Pratikulavacana, Pratikulavada, Pratikulavartin, Pratikulavadin, Pratikuladaiva, Pratikulabhashin, Apratikula, Pratikulatas, Vipratikula, Pratikulapravartin, Pratikulavedaniya, Pratikulatva, Pratikulavisarpin, Pratikulashabda, Pratikulavat.
Relevant text
Search found 43 books and stories containing Pratikula, Pratikūla, Prati-kula, Prati-kūla; (plurals include: Pratikulas, Pratikūlas, kulas, kūlas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 75 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 3]
Page 207 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 70 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Krishna Sandarbha of Jiva Goswami (by Kusakratha Prabhu)
Verse 158.9 < [Anuccheda 158]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 7.58 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 7.143 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 10.261 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Preliminary note on the ten concepts (daśa-saṃjñā) < [Chapter XXXVII - The Ten Concepts]
V. The concept of revulsion toward food (āhāre pratikūla-saṃjñā) < [Chapter XXXVII - The Ten Concepts]
II. Hearing the name of the Buddhas < [Part 3 - Bringing innumerable beings to abhisaṃbodhi]
Atithi or Guest Reception (study) (by Sarika. P.)
Part 7 - References to Hospitality in Abhijñānaśākuntala < [Chapter 4 - Atithi-saparyā in Classical Sanskrit Literature]
Women in the Atharva-veda Samhita (by Pranab Jyoti Kalita)
6b. Hymn to Win the Love of a Husband < [Chapter 2 - The Strīkarmāṇi Hymns of the Atharvaveda]