Pratikramana, Pratikramaṇa: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Pratikramana means something in Jainism, Prakrit, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण, “repentance”) represents one of the seven types of prāyaścitta (‘expiation’). Prāyaścitta means ‘purification’ of from the flaws or transmigressions.
Pratikramaṇa is a Sanskrit technical term defined in the Tattvārthasūtra (ancient authorative Jain scripture) from the 2nd century, which contains aphorisms dealing with philosophy and the nature of reality.
Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण) refers to one of the fourteen limbs of the external-corpus (aṅga-bāhya). The Aṅgabāhya refers to one of the two types of scriptural knowledge (śruta), which refers to one of the five types of knowledge (jñāna). according to the 2nd-century Tattvārthasūtra 1.20, “scriptural knowledge (śruta) preceded by sensory knowledge (mati) is of two, or of twelve or of many kinds (e.g., pratikramaṇa)”.
Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण).—What is meant by repentance-expiation (pratikramaṇa-prāyaścitta)? To express in words (speech) the feelings /wish of renunciation of the transmigressions /errors i.e. ‘my deeds be condoned’, is called repentance-expiation.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Pratikramaṇa.—(LP), morning and evening prayers. Note: pratikramaṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण).—Ved.
1) Stepping towards.
2) (With Buddhists) A confession.
Derivable forms: pratikramaṇam (प्रतिक्रमणम्).
Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण).—[neuter] stepping towards.
1) Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण):—[=prati-kramaṇa] [from prati-kram] n. stepping to and fro, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]
2) [v.s. ...] going to confession, [Kalpa-sūtra]
Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण):—(wie eben) n. das Hin —, Herschreiten [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 4, 4, 5, 5.] Bei den Buddhisten das zur-Beichte-Gehen [STEV.] [KALPAS. 70.]
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Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण):—, vidhi m. und sūtra n. Titel zweier Schriften [WILSON, Sel. Works 1, 282.]
Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण):—n. —
1) das Hin- , Herschreiten. —
2) bei den Buddhisten das zur Beichte Gehen.
Pratikramaṇa (प्रतिक्रमण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Paḍikkamaṇa, Paḍikkāmaṇā.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Pratikramaṇa (ಪ್ರತಿಕ್ರಮಣ):—
1) [noun] a going forward or onward; progression.
2) [noun] (jain. & buddh.) the confessing of sins to a priest (by a monk or mendicant).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Kramana, Prati.
Starts with: Pratikramanasutra, Pratikramanavidhi.
Full-text (+2): Pratikramanavidhi, Pratikramanasutra, Padikkamana, Jayamalapratikramana, Avashyaka, Sadhupratikramana, Yatipratikramana, Piratikkiramanam, Shravakapratikramana, Sadhupratikramanasutra, Caturmasika, Tilakacarya, Prayashcitta, Angabahya, Yatipratikramanasutra, Pakshikasutra, Samsaradavavacuri, Samsaradava, Samsaradavanala, Yakinimahattaraputra.
Relevant text
Search found 17 books and stories containing Pratikramana, Prati-kramana, Prati-kramaṇa, Pratikramaṇa, Pratikramaṇā; (plurals include: Pratikramanas, kramanas, kramaṇas, Pratikramaṇas, Pratikramaṇās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)
Verse 9.22 - The nine subdivisions of expiation (prāyaścitta) < [Chapter 9 - Stoppage and Shedding of Karmas]
Traces of Mysticism in Jainism (Study) (by Sadhvi Madhystha Prabha)
6. Labdhi: Obstacle or Supportive < [Chapter 5 - Mysticism at the level of Body and Mind]
Bhagavati-sutra (Viyaha-pannatti) (by K. C. Lalwani)
Part 4 - With senior monks from the order of Pārśva < [Chapter 9]
Part 6 - On prohibited acts < [Chapter 6]
Part 6 - Power of the deceitful/deceit-free to transform < [Chapter 4]
Uttaradhyayana Sutra (by Hermann Jacobi)
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 10: Episode of Caṇḍakauśika < [Chapter III - Mahāvīra’s first six years as an ascetic]
Appendix 6.2: new and rare words < [Appendices]