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In Hinduism

Kavyashastra (science of poetry)

Source: Shodhganga: The Kavyavilasa of Ciranjiva Bhattacarya (kavyashastra)

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान) refers to the “inborn genius of poetic intuition” and represents one of the six kinds of prakīrṇa (miscellaneous causes): one of the three “constituents of poetry” (kāvyāṅga) designated by Ācārya Vāmana in his Kāvyālaṅkārasūtravṛtti (also see the Kāvyaprakāśa).

context information

Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.

In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: archive.org: The Indian Buddhist Iconography

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान, “context”) or Pratibhānapratisaṃvit refers to one of four Pratisaṃvit Goddesses, as commonly depicted in Buddhist Iconography, and mentioned in the 11th-century Niṣpannayogāvalī of Mahāpaṇḍita Abhayākara.—Her Colour is green; her Symbol is the bell; she has two arms.

Pratibhāna is described in the Niṣpannayogāvalī (dharmadhātuvāgīśvara-maṇḍala) as follows:—

“On the North there is Pratibhāna-Pratisaṃvit of the colour of anemerald (green), holding in her two hands a bell marked with a vajra with three thongs”.

[A statuette of this extremely obscure deity is found in the Chinese collection at Peiping.]

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान) refers to “eloquence”, according to  the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 46.—Accordingly, “The dhyānas and samāpattis are the first gateway of true knowledge: they clarify wisdom and illumine the dharmas. Like a lamp in a secret room, their light is very useful. The Yogin who is based on the dhyānas and samāpattis attains the four immeasurables, the liberations, the sources of mastery, the superknowledges, eloquence (pratibhāna) and other very profound qualities. Possessing them fully, he is able to transform bricks and stones into cintāmaṇi and, a fortiori, into other things. There is nothing he cannot accomplish at will”.

Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान) refers to “eloquence” (i.e., ‘twenty-four sorts of unhindered and uninterrupted eloquence’), according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “How then, son of good family, is the Bodhisattva supported by the presence of the Buddha as unhindered and uninterrupted eloquence (pratibhāna)?”.

These are the Bodhisattvas’ twenty-four sorts of eloquence (pratibhāna):—

1. quick eloquence;
2. swift eloquence;
3. unhindered eloquence;
4. uninterrupted eloquence;
5. eloquence of good explanation;
6. profound eloquence;
7. eloquence in diversity;
8. well-adorned eloquence;
9. unimpaired eloquence;
10. fearless eloquence;
11. eloquence in the explanation of various verses;
12. eloquence concerning the scriptures, parables, and legends;
13. eloquence which is never subdued;
14. imperishable eloquence of teaching the analysis of words;
15. luminous and splendid eloquence;
16. eloquence to be praised;
17. unfailing eloquence of teaching the dharma;
18. eloquence adorned with the congregations of gods;
19. eloquence of cutting off all doubts;
20. eloquence of the mundane and transcendental dharma;
21. eloquence without fault;
22. eloquence of friendliness, compassion, joy and equanimity to the congregation;
23. eloquence of the supernormal knowledge of recollecting former existences;
24. eloquence supported by the presence of the Buddha.

It is called ‘eloquence’ (pratibhāna) since it makes other beings understand; it is called ‘eloquence’ since it clearly shows endeavor for other beings; it is called ‘eloquence’ since it satisfies the train of the thoughts of others; it is called ‘eloquence’ since it is favorable to the thoughts of other beings. Son of good family, the Bodhisattva who is endowed with such dharmas, qualities, and knowledges supported by the presence of the Buddha as unhindered and uninterrupted eloquence (pratibhāna).

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgraha

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान, “inspired speech”) or Pratibhānapratisaṃvid refers to one of the “four analytical knowledges” (pratisaṃvid) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 51). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., pratibhāna). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.

Pratibhāna or Pratibhānabala refers to the “the strength of inspired speech” and represents one of the “ten strengths of the Bodhisattvas” (bala) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 75).

Languages of India and abroad

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान).—

1) Light, splendour.

2) Intellect or understanding, brightness of conception; दूतः स्यात् प्रति- भानवान् (dūtaḥ syāt prati- bhānavān) H.3.19.

3) Readiness of wit, presence of mind; कालावबोधः प्रतिभानवत्त्वम् (kālāvabodhaḥ pratibhānavattvam) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 3.11; कथायोगेषु वाग्मित्वं प्रागल्भ्यं प्रतिभानवत्त्वं च (kathāyogeṣu vāgmitvaṃ prāgalbhyaṃ pratibhānavattvaṃ ca) Kau.1.9; दमघोषसुतेन कश्चन प्रतिशिष्टः प्रतिभानवानथ (damaghoṣasutena kaścana pratiśiṣṭaḥ pratibhānavānatha) Śiśupālavadha 16.1.

4) Confidence, boldness, audacity.

Derivable forms: pratibhānam (प्रतिभानम्).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Pratibhāṇa (प्रतिभाण).—[ is read by the mss., and sometimes in Nobel's text, of Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra, for pratibhāna, q.v.; it seems to be a mere corruption. Cf. next.]

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Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान).—nt., also written °ṇa in mss. and some edd. (= Pali paṭi°; usually considered a Buddhist word, see e.g. Senart Mahāvastu i.511, Lévi Asaṅga (Mahāyāna-sūtrālaṃkāra) on i.12, and [Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary] s.v., where ‘late Sanskrit’ prati° is derived from Pali; yet Epic and Class. Sanskrit use at least the adj. pratibhānavant re- peatedly, and see Ind. Spr. 6451 pratibhānavattvam, Geistesgegenwart; the difference is surely not great, but perhaps association with readiness in speech is more marked in Pali and [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit]), presence of mind, self-confidence or brilliance, especially as manifested in speech; quickwittedness, inspiration; Tibetan spobs pa, courage, confidence; one of the four pratisaṃvid, q.v.; equivalent to commoner Sanskrit pratibhā, wit, presence of mind, whence niṣpratibhāna (Mahāvyutpatti, Avadāna-śataka) is replaced in Divyāvadāna by niṣpratibha, in a cliché cited s.v. maṅku, q.v., where the meaning seems to be without presence of mind, abashed, out of countenance: Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 393.11 (verse; the 3 other pratisaṃvid in 12, same verse); sarvabodhi- sattvadhāraṇī-pratibhāna-pratilabdhaiḥ Lalitavistara 26; utkṛṣṭa- pra° 439.10; jñānaparamā asaṃkliṣṭapratibhānāś ca Mahāvastu i.134.7; miscellaneous, Mahāvastu i.166.8; 282.17 (one of ten vaśitā of bodhisattvas); ii.290.18 (°na-saṃpannāḥ, of bodhisattvas); anāchedya-pra° Mahāvyutpatti 851 (of bodhisattvas); Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra 13.2 (tasya °nam utpannam, he became inspired to speak his thoughts); 102.17 (spelled °ṇam, as often in mss. of Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra, here kept in ed.); Mahāvyutpatti 389 (anantaḥ °nena, of Tathāgatas); Samādhirājasūtra 19.30; Rāṣṭrapālaparipṛcchā 14.15; Bhadracarī 6^2; Kāraṇḍavvūha 14.9 (here the quality by which Avalokiteśvara ‘matures’, paripācayati, creatures); Sukhāvatīvyūha 4.4. See also pratibhāna- tā, -vant; asaṅga-prati°.

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Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान) or Pratibhānatā.—: Karmavibhaṅga (and Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa) 82.5 (here by em. but quite certain), 9.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान).—n.

(-naṃ) 1. Boldness, audacity. 2. Brilliancy, light. 3. Intellect, understanding. 3. Presence of mind. E. prati before, bhā to shine, lyuṭ aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान).—i. e. prati-bhā + ana, n. Understanding, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 1219.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान).—[neuter] intelligence, understanding.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान):—[=prati-bhāna] [from prati-bhā] n. becoming clear or visible, obviousness, [Taittirīya-saṃhitā [Scholiast or Commentator]]

2) [v.s. ...] intelligence, [Harivaṃśa]

3) [v.s. ...] eloquence, [Lalita-vistara]

4) [v.s. ...] brilliancy, [Horace H. Wilson]

5) [v.s. ...] boldness, audacity, [ib.]

6) [v.s. ...] [varia lectio] for bhāta, [Harivaṃśa]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान):—[prati-bhāna] (naṃ) 1. n. Boldness; brightness, reflection.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Pratibhāna (प्रतिभान) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Paḍihāṇa.

[Sanskrit to German]

Pratibhana in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Pratibhāna (ಪ್ರತಿಭಾನ):—

1) [noun] the quality or state of being radiant; brightness; lustre; radiance.

2) [noun] the ability to perceive or know things without conscious reasoning; intuition.

3) [noun] the direct knowing or learning of something without the conscious use of reasoning; immediate understanding; intuition.

4) [noun] the quality of remaining calm and undisturbed; evenness of mind or temper; composure; evenness of temper or disposition; equanimity.

5) [noun] the quality of being brave; courage; fearlessness; bravery.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Bhana, Prati.

Starts with: Pratibhanabala, Pratibhanakakuta, Pratibhanakakutalokeshvara, Pratibhanakuta, Pratibhanapratisamvid, Pratibhanata, Pratibhanati, Pratibhanavant, Pratibhanavat, Pratibhanavattva.

Ends with: Akshayapratibhana, Anantapratibhana, Apratihatapratibhana, Arthapratibhana, Asangapratibhana, Ashupratibhana, Mahapratibhana, Niruktipratibhana, Nitpratibhana.

Full-text (+56): Pratisamvid, Pratibhanavat, Pratibhanavant, Pratibhanavattva, Nitpratibhana, Pratibhanapratisamvid, Pratibhanakuta, Padihana, Padihaya, Mahapratibhana, Pratibhanata, Pratibhanabala, Asangapratibhana, Sarvasamshaya, Chedana, Samshayacchedana, Prabhedanirdesha, Pratibhata, Pratimana, Unminja.

Relevant text

Search found 12 books and stories containing Pratibhana, Pratibhāna, Pratibhāṇa, Prati-bhana, Prati-bhāna; (plurals include: Pratibhanas, Pratibhānas, Pratibhāṇas, bhanas, bhānas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

The Indian Buddhist Iconography (by Benoytosh Bhattachacharyya)

Figure 225 - Four Pratisaṃvits: Pratibhāna-Pratisaṃvit

Figure 224 - Four Pratisaṃvits: Nirukti-Pratisaṃvit

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Akshayamatinirdesha [english]

27th Imperishable, Knowledge of Eloquence

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Kavyamimamsa of Rajasekhara (Study) (by Debabrata Barai)

Part 3.2 - Rājaśekhara’s views on Kāvyahetu (causes of poetry) < [Chapter 5 - Analyasis and Interpretations of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā]

Part 3.5 - Classification of Sahṛdaya (critic or reader) < [Chapter 5 - Analyasis and Interpretations of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā]

Part 3.6 - Distinguish between Pratibhā and Vyutpatti < [Chapter 5 - Analyasis and Interpretations of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā]

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Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)

I. The pratisaṃvids according to the Abhidharma < [Part 3 - The four unhindered knowledges]

7. Praṇidhijñāna, Pratisaṃvid and Araṇāsamādhi < [Part 4 - Questions relating to the dhyānas]

Part 2 - Aśoka and the bhikṣu with the pleasant breath < [Chapter XX - The Virtue of Generosity and Generosity of the Dharma]

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Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study) (by A. Yamuna Devi)

Education (8): Knowledge of Metres and Figures of speech < [Chapter 4 - Cultural Aspects]

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Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)

Text 1.5 < [Chapter 1 - The Purpose of Poetry]

Text 8.12 < [Chapter 8 - Literary Qualities]

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Click here for all 12 books