Pranama, Praṇāma: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Pranama means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Praṇāma (प्रणाम) refers to “offering respectful obeisance”. (cf. Glossary page from Śrīmad-Bhagavad-Gītā).
Praṇāma (प्रणाम) refers to:—An obeisance. (cf. Glossary page from Bhajana-Rahasya).
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
1) Praṇāma (प्रणाम) refers to “prostration” which is part of the Nityayāga (regular worship routines), as discussed in chapter 3 (Caryāpāda) of the Padmasaṃhitā: the most widely followed of Saṃhitā covering the entire range of concerns of Pāñcarātra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter—jñāna, yoga, kriyā and caryā) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.—Description of the chapter [nityayāga]: [...] The steps of the pūjā are given: filling pots with water, showing mudrās, invoking God’s presence for pūjā [āvāhana], offering the deity a seat [saparyāsana], doing mantranyāsa, offering arghya and pādya and flowers, accompanying all actions with mind fastened only on God, etc. Praṇāma-prostration is then done and, with a prārthanā-petition for the ministrations to prove acceptable, the liturgy to the main icon is then interrupted while offerings are made to the attendant deities (118b-139). How to do these for parivāradevatās is also given (140-1472). [...]
2) Praṇāma (प्रणाम) or Praṇāmamudrā refers to one of the fifty-three Mudrās (ritual hand gestures) described in chapter 22 (Caryāpāda) of the Padmasaṃhitā: the most widely followed of Saṃhitā covering the entire range of concerns of Pāñcarātra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter—jñāna, yoga, kriyā and caryā) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.—Description of the chapter [mudrālakṣaṇa-vidhi]: Brahmā asks the meaning, uses and varieties of mudrā-gestures. Bhagavān says these finger movements are ways to fend off evil and to prevent those taking pleasure in harming others. Furthermore, they please the Lord-so long as they are demonstrated in private (1-5a). He then names and describes 53 mudrā-gestures: [e.g., praṇāma (41b-43)] [...]
3) Praṇāma (प्रणाम) or Praṇāmamudrā is the name of a Mudrā (“ritual hand-gestures”) mentioned in in chapter 13 of the Viśvāmitrasaṃhitā: a Pāñcarātra text comprising some 2600 Sanskrit verses covering topics such as initiation (dīkṣā) and the construction, decoration and consecration of temples and icons, as well as routines of regular and special worship cycles.—Description of the chapter [mudrā-adhyāya]: Kāśyapa asks what are the various types of mudrā-gestures, and Viśvāmitra complies by first defining mudrā as that by seeing which one derives pleasure (“mu-”) and then by counseling that whoever practices these mudrās must do so in secrecy (1-6). Thereupon he names and briefly describes how to perform a number of mudrās [e.g., praṇāma]
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
praṇāma (प्रणाम).—m (S) Reverential salutation, obeisance.
praṇāma (प्रणाम).—m Reverential salutation, obeisance.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Praṇāma (प्रणाम).—
1) Bending, bowing, stooping.
2) A reverential salutation, obeisance, prostration, bow (used with dat.); as in साष्टाङ्गप्रणाम (sāṣṭāṅgapraṇāma); Kumārasambhava 6.91; मूर्ध्ना प्रणामं वृषभध्वजाय चकार (mūrdhnā praṇāmaṃ vṛṣabhadhvajāya cakāra) 3.62; अस्मै प्रणाममकरवम् (asmai praṇāmamakaravam) K.142.
Derivable forms: praṇāmaḥ (प्रणामः).
Praṇāma (प्रणाम).—m.
(-maḥ) Respectful or reverential salutation, addressed especially to a Brahman or deity. E. pra before, ṇam to bow, aff. ghañ .
Praṇāma (प्रणाम).—i. e. pra-nam + a, m. 1. Bowing, a bow, Mahābhārata 1, 5384. 2. Prostration, [Daśakumāracarita] in
Praṇāma (प्रणाम).—[masculine] bow, reverent salutation.
Praṇāma (प्रणाम):—[=pra-ṇāma] [from pra-ṇam] m. (ifc. f(ā). ) bending, bowing, a bow, respectful salutation, prostration, obeisance ([especially] to a Brāhman or to a deity), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
Praṇāma (प्रणाम):—[pra-ṇāma] (maḥ) 1. m. Respectful or reverential salutation.
Praṇāma (प्रणाम):—(von nam mit pra) m. Verbeugung, Verneigung, ehrfurchtsvolle Begrüssung: praṇāmaṃ droṇakṛpayornātyādṛtamivākarot [Mahābhārata 1, 5384. 3, 11471.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 26, 10. 65, 20.] [Spr. 558.] [Vikramorvaśī 82, 18.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 2, 52. 15, 13. 28, 79. 41, 30. 44, 8.] vihita [48, 120.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 3, 206.] sāṣṭāṅga [Prabodhacandrodaja 30, 2.] praṇāmamakarodbhuvi [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 23, 88.] namra [115, 4.] ṛjupraṇāmakriyā [Raghuvaṃśa 6, 25.] kṛti [Pañcatantra 91, 3.] praṇāmādara [Kumārasaṃbhava 6, 91.] śiraḥ [Spr. 3254.] praṇāmāñjali [?2163. Daśakumāracarita in Benfey’ Chrestomathie aus Sanskritwerken 194, 8.] kṛtocitapraṇāmā adj. [Kathāsaritsāgara 21, 42.] acyuta Verneigung vor [Vopadeva’s Grammatik 6, 26.] sapraṇāmam adv. [Śākuntala 7, 8. 28, 10. 53, 1. 75, 15.] — Vgl. daṇḍa .
Praṇāma (प्रणाम):—m. (adj. Comp. f. ā) Verbeugung , Verneigung , — vor (im Comp. vorangehend) , ehrfurchtsvolls Begrüssung Jmds bhuvi oder bhūmau eines Verneigung bis zur Erde [136,16.]
Pranama (प्रनम) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Paṇāma.
Praṇama (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 奉 [fèng]: “receive with both hands”.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Praṇāma (प्रणाम) [Also spelled pranam]:—(nm) reverential salutation; bowing with respect; a term used in greeting elders; abandoning, giving up, bidding good-bye to (as [aisī prathā ko praṇāma); ~mī] one who bows reverentially; saluting respectfully; ~[ma karanā, dūra se] to say good-bye to; to maintain a safe distance.
2) Praṇāma (प्रणाम) [Also spelled pranam]:—(nm) evidence, proof; testimony; authority; (in logical jargon) a means of acquiring prama: (which are six according to the vedant, viz. [pratyakṣa] (perception by the senses), [śranumāna] (inference), [upamāna] (analogy or comparison), [śabda] or [āpta vacana] (verbal authority), [anupalabdhi] or [abhāva-pratyakṣa] (non-perception or negative proof), [arthāpatti] (inference from circumstances); ~[kuśala] skilful in arguing, skilled in argumentation; ~[tva] correctness, authority; -[patra] a certificate; ~[puruṣa] an arbitrator; mediator; an umpire; ~[bhūta] authoritative; —[vacana/vākya] authoritative statement; authoritative version; ~[śāstra] logic; ~[śāstrī] a logician; ~[śāstrīya] logical.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Praṇama (ಪ್ರಣಮ):—[noun] = ಪ್ರಣವ [pranava].
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Praṇāma (ಪ್ರಣಾಮ):—
1) [noun] a bowing, bending or stooping.
2) [noun] the act of bowing one’s head or body in respect, worship, before another or a deity.
3) [noun] a prostrating before another person or a deity.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Praṇāma (प्रणाम):—n. bowing; salutation; obeisance;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Pra, Name, Name, Name, Nama.
Starts with: Pranamadara, Pranamaka, Pranamakriti, Pranamamantra, Pranamamitra, Pranamamudra, Pranamamula, Pranamana, Pranamanjali, Pranamant, Pranamapamcakshari, Pranamat, Pranamatah, Pranamati, Pranamaya, Pranamayakosha, Pranamayapramata, Pranamayati, Pranamayya.
Full-text (+40): Dandapranama, Padapranama, Pratipranama, Ashtangapranama, Kritapranama, Pranamanjali, Dandavatpranama, Sapranamam, Pranamamitra, Shirahpranama, Pranamakriti, Sashtamgapranama, Dirghapranama, Pranamapamcakshari, Ukarapranama, Pranam, Bo luo na mo, Sashtanga, Pamcamgapranama, Pranamamantra.
Relevant text
Search found 55 books and stories containing Pranama, Pra-nama, Pra-ṇāma, Praṇāma, Praṇama; (plurals include: Pranamas, namas, ṇāmas, Praṇāmas, Praṇamas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 671 < [Malayalam-English-Kannada (1 volume)]
Page 916 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 1]
Page 178 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Srila Gurudeva (The Supreme Treasure) (by Swami Bhaktivedanta Madhava Maharaja)
Nagara-Saṅkīrtana < [Chapter 2.19 - The Concluding Transcendental Pastimes]
Śrī Kṣīra-corā Gopīnātha < [Chapter 1.3 - The Preaching of Śrī Narottamānanda Prabhu to Śrīla Gurudeva]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.3.86 < [Chapter 3 - Prapañcātīta (beyond the Material Plane)]
Verse 1.4.63 < [Chapter 4 - Bhakta (the devotee)]
Verse 1.1.32-34 < [Chapter 1 - Bhauma (the earthly plane)]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 1.2.129 < [Part 2 - Devotional Service in Practice (sādhana-bhakti)]
Verse 3.2.73 < [Part 2 - Affection and Service (dāsya-rasa)]
Śrī Kṛṣṇa-vijaya (by Śrī Gunaraja Khan)
Chapter 4 - Prayers by the Demigods to Lord Kṛṣṇa in the Womb (Śri-rāga)
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)