Prakirna, Prakīrṇa: 20 definitions
Introduction:
Prakirna means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Prakirn.
In Hinduism
Kavyashastra (science of poetry)
Source: Shodhganga: The Kavyavilasa of Ciranjiva Bhattacarya (kavyashastra)Prakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण) refers to “miscellaneous causes” and represents one of the three “constituents of poetry” (kāvyāṅga) designated by Ācārya Vāmana in his Kāvyālaṅkārasūtravṛtti (also see the Kāvyaprakāśa).
By prakīrṇa he means the following six factors:
- lakṣyajñatva, or study of scriptures;
- abhiyoga, or practice of composing poetic works;
- vṛddhasevā, or listening to the instructions of the preceptor,
- avekṣaṇa, or use of appropriate words or terms and avoidance of improper words or terms;
- pratibhāna, or inborn genius of poetic intuition,
- avadhāna, or concentration of mind.
Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Source: Shodhganga: Portrayal of Animal Kingdom (Tiryaks) in Epics An Analytical studyPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण) (lit. “one who is scattered”) is a synonym (another name) for the Horse (Aśva), according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
Source: Shodhganga: Drumavichitrikarnam—Plant mutagenesis in ancient IndiaPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण) refers to “sprinkling (ingredients)” (at the root of trees) according to the recipe for manipulating the colour of fruits, according to the Vṛkṣāyurveda by Sūrapāla (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.—Accordingly, “Trees watered after being sprinkled at the root (prakīrṇa-mūla) with the mixture of Indigofera tinctoria, Curcuma longa, Symplocos racemosa, Emblica officinalis, Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia chebula, Sesamum indicum, Pterocarpus marsupium, Ferri sulphas and Glycyrrhiza glabra—all powdered together produce fruits of golden colour”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Prakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण) or Prakīrṇatā refers to “want of discrimination (in accepting and making gifts)”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “[...] It has been said that there are eighteen addictions. These are the outcome of the desire for earthly enjovments. [...] Abuse of money is (a) want of discrimination in accepting and making gifts (prakīrṇatā); (b) refusal of legitimate gifts ; (c) making gifts to undeserving persons; (d) ruinous charity, and (e) resumption of charities. This should be practised with caution by trusted emissaries in an enemy’s country. [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: Wisdom Library: JainismPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण).—One of the ten sub-types of gods (devas), according to Jain cosmology. They are also known by the name Prakīrṇaka. The occupation of the prakīrṇas is to act as ordinary townsman or villagers.
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण) refers to one of the ten divisions of Gods, situated in the “upper World” (ūrdhvaloka), according to chapter 2.3 [ajitanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—Accordingly:—“[...] The 10 divisions of the gods are: Indras, Sāmānikas, Trāyastriṃśas, Pārṣadyas, Rakṣakas, Lokapālas, Anīkas, Prakīrṇas, Ābhiyogikas, Kilbiṣikas. [....] The Prakīrṇas correspond to villagers and townsmen. [...]”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsPrakirna [प्रकीर्ण] in the Sanskrit language is the name of a plant identified with Caesalpinia bonduc (L.)Roxb. from the Caesalpiniaceae (Gulmohar) family having the following synonyms: Caesalpinia crista, Caesalpinia bonducella, Guilandina bonduc. For the possible medicinal usage of prakirna, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryprakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण).—a S Containing numerous subjects--a chapter, book, discourse. 2 p Expanded, opened, unfolded. 3 Spread abroad, diffused: also widely proclaimed or published.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishprakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण).—a Containing numerous subjects. Expanded. Diffused.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण).—p. p.
1) Scattered about, scattered forth, thrown about, dispersed; प्रकीर्णमूर्धजा राजन् यक्षाधिपतिमब्रुवन् (prakīrṇamūrdhajā rājan yakṣādhipatimabruvan) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 3.161.17.
2) Spread, published, promulgated.
3) Waved, waving; जवात् प्रकीर्णैरभितः प्रकीर्णकैः (javāt prakīrṇairabhitaḥ prakīrṇakaiḥ) Śiśupālavadha 12.17.
4) Disordered, loose, dishevelled.
5) Confused, incoherent; बह्वपि स्वेच्छया कामं प्रकीर्णमभिधीयते (bahvapi svecchayā kāmaṃ prakīrṇamabhidhīyate) Śiśupālavadha 2.63.
6) Agitated, excited.
7) Miscellaneous, mixed; as the प्रकीर्णकाण्ड (prakīrṇakāṇḍa) of Bhaṭṭikāvya.
8) Expanded, opened.
9) Standing alone.
1) Destroyed, killed; प्रकीर्णमेष भारं हि यद्वद्धार्येत दस्युभिः (prakīrṇameṣa bhāraṃ hi yadvaddhāryeta dasyubhiḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.215.14.
11) Thickly covered; प्रकीर्णमलपङ्कः (prakīrṇamalapaṅkaḥ) Daśakumāracarita 2.2.
-rṇam 1 A miscellany, any miscellaneous collection.
2) A chapter containing miscellaneous rules.
3) A chapter or section of a book.
4) Scattering or throwing about.
5) Extent.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण).—mfn.
(-rṇaḥ-rṇā-rṇaṃ) 1. Spread abroad, published, promulgated. 2. Expanded, opened. 3. Miscellaneous, mixed. 4. Scattered, disper- sed, disordered, confused. 5. Agitated, excited, wild. 6. Waved, waving. n.
(-rṇaṃ) 1. A Chowri, a cow-tail used as a fan. 2. A chapter, a section. 3. A collection of miscellaneous rules. E. pra before, kṛ to throw or cast, aff. kta .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण).—[adjective] scattered, dispersed, mixed, miscellaneous; [neuter] miscellanea.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Prakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण):—[from prakara > pra-kṝ] mfn. scattered, thrown about, dispersed, [Nirukta, by Yāska; Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature]
2) [v.s. ...] squandered, [Dhūrtasamāgama]
3) [v.s. ...] disordered, dishevelled, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Suśruta]
4) [v.s. ...] waved, waving, [Śiśupāla-vadha xii, 17]
5) [v.s. ...] mixed, containing various subjects, miscellaneous, [Kāmandakīya-nītisāra]
6) [v.s. ...] standing alone, nowhere mentioned, [Viṣṇu-smṛti, viṣṇu-sūtra, vaiṣṇava-dharma-śāstra]
7) [v.s. ...] confused, incoherent (as speech), [Śiśupāla-vadha ii, 63]
8) [v.s. ...] expanded, opened, [Horace H. Wilson]
9) [v.s. ...] spread abroad, published, [ib.]
10) [v.s. ...] m. Guilandina Bonduc, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
11) [v.s. ...] a horse (?), [Demetrius Galanos’s Lexiko: sanskritikes, anglikes, hellenikes]
12) [v.s. ...] n. a miscellany, any miscellaneous collection, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
13) [v.s. ...] a chapter or section of a book, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
14) [v.s. ...] extent, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
15) [v.s. ...] Name of a class of Jaina works, [Monier-Williams’ Buddhism 533]
16) [v.s. ...] scattering or throwing about, [Apte’s The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण):—[pra-kīrṇa] (rṇaḥ-rṇā-rṇaṃ) a. Published; expanded; mixed; scattered; excited; waving. n. A chauri used as a whisk or fan; a chapter; collection of rules.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Prakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Paiṇṇa, Paiṇṇaga, Pakiṇṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण) [Also spelled prakirn]:—(a) diffused, scattered, dishevelled; miscellaneous; ~[ka] miscellaneous (assembly); ~[keśa] having dishevelled hair; hence ~[tā] (nf).
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPrakīrṇa (ಪ್ರಕೀರ್ಣ):—
1) [adjective] filled completely.
2) [adjective] scattered about; scattered forth; thrown about; dispersed.
3) [adjective] mixed; blended; mixed.
4) [adjective] collected; gathered together; assembled.
5) [adjective] thrown; hurled.
6) [adjective] disordered; loose; dishevelled.
7) [adjective] agitated; excited.
--- OR ---
Prakīrṇa (ಪ್ರಕೀರ್ಣ):—
1) [noun] the state of being filled completely.
2) [noun] that with which anything is filled.
3) [noun] a book which has a collection of unconnected or diversified subjects.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryPrakīrṇa (प्रकीर्ण):—adj. 1. scattered about; thrown about; dispersed; 2. disordered; loose; disheveled; n. rhapsody;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Prakirnadhyaya, Prakirnah, Prakirnak, Prakirnak-lekh, Prakirnaka, Prakirnaka-lekha, Prakirnakadana, Prakirnakadanani, Prakirnakanda, Prakirnakesha, Prakirnakeshi, Prakirnakusumotkara, Prakirnalapita, Prakirnamaithuna, Prakirnamantra, Prakirnambaramurdhaja, Prakirnamula, Prakirnapuja, Prakirnasamgraha, Prakirnata.
Ends with: Anuprakirna, Kusumavrishtyabhiprakirna, Samprakirna, Vikprakirna, Viprakirna.
Full-text (+25): Painna, Prakirnakesha, Prakirnaka, Prakirnakeshi, Pakiṇṇa, Prakirn, Painnaga, Samprakirna, Pirakiranam, Viprakirnashiroruha, Prakirnapuja, Prakirnasamgraha, Prakirnalapita, Prakirnamantra, Prakirnamaithuna, Viprakirna, Vippirakirnam, Shraddhaprakirnakarika, Prakirnambaramurdhaja, Prakri.
Relevant text
Search found 19 books and stories containing Prakirna, Prakīrṇa, Pra-kirna, Pra-kīrṇa; (plurals include: Prakirnas, Prakīrṇas, kirnas, kīrṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
A study of the philosophy of Jainism (by Deepa Baruah)
Chapter I.e - Religious and philosophical literature of the Jainas < [Chapter I - Introduction]
Jainism and Patanjali Yoga (Comparative Study) (by Deepak bagadia)
Part 5.1 - The main Twelve Angas < [Chapter 3 - Jain Philosophy and Practice]
Vyavaharamala: a text on Indian jurisprudence (by P. V. Rajee)
53. Prakirnaka prakarana (miscellaneous matters) < [Chapter 5 - Vyavaharamala—General features based on text]
1. Introduction to Vyavaharamala < [Chapter 5 - Major topics dealt in the Vyavaharamala]
Vasudevavijaya of Vasudeva (Study) (by Sajitha. A)
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 32: Description of the Upper World (ūrdhvaloka) < [Chapter III - The initiation and omniscience of Ajita]
Part 15: Sermon on dharmadhyāna < [Chapter III - The initiation and omniscience of Ajita]
Kamashastra Discourse (Life in Ancient India) (by Nidheesh Kannan B.)
8.2. Adornments and Caring of Body in Sahṛdayalīlā < [Chapter 5 - Looking for Alternatives: Possibilities in Kāmaśāstra]