Pitriyajna, Pitṛyajña, Pitri-yajna: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Pitriyajna means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Pitṛyajña can be transliterated into English as Pitryajna or Pitriyajna, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: ŚāktismPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ):—One of the five Great-Sacrifices (pañchamahāyajña);—This sacrifice is intended to honor the ancestors and to enforce parental responsibilities. The fulfilment of these sacrifices (or, five debts) are presented as the duty of every human being. The five sacrifices are presided over by Chinnamastā (one of the ten mahāvidyās), who represents the power of the sacrifice (yajña).
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-śāstraPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ):—One of the five great sacrifices (pañcamahāyajña) to be performed by a householder, according to Manu. Pitṛyajña refers to the offerings of water and food (tarpaṇa) to the manes.
Source: Shodhganga: Facts of society in the ManusamhitaPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ) is the tarpaṇa or offering water to the older generations of our family, to our ancestors—pitṛyajñastu tarpaṇam. It is performed for the recognition of our forefathers and pleased their soul. It is also called prāśitam-prāśitaṃ pitṛtarpaṇam. After offering the bali to sarvātmabhūti, the remaining part of bali should be thrown in a southerly direction with the word svādhā for the manes. A householder should perform the śrāddha everyday to please the ancestors.
This funeral sacrifice is daily performed with food water or milk fruits or roots. After performing the śrāddha, the householder should feed even a brāhmaṇa in honour of manes.
Source: Sacred Texts: The Grihya Sutras, Part 2 (SBE30)Pitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ) refers to the “sacrifice to the fathers”, as mentioned in the Āpastamba-yajña-paribhāṣā-sūtras.—“the Pitṛyajña, the sacrifice to the fathers, is not Aṅga (auxiliary) because its own time is prescribed”. Commentary: This sacrifice for the Manes, called also the piṇḍa-pitṛyajña, falls under the new-moon sacrifice, but is to be considered as a pradhāna, a primary sacrifice, not as an aṅga, a member of the Darśa.
Pitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ) refers to one of the seven Pākasaṃsthās or Pākayajñas (groups of seven sacrifices).—Hārīta says: “Let a man offer the Pākayajñas always, always also the Haviryajñas, and the Somayajñas (Soma sacrifices), according to rule, if he wishes for eternal merit”.—The object of these sacrifices [viz., Pitṛyajña] is eternal happiness, and hence they have to be performed during life at certain seasons, without any special occasion (nimitta), and without any special object (kāma). According to most authorities, however, they have to be performed during thirty years only. After that the Agnihotra only has to be kept up.
Source: Shodhganga: Vaikhanasa Grhyasutra Bhasya (Critical Edition and Study)Pitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ) refers to the ritual of “offering salutations to the manes with water oblations” and represents one of the various rituals mentioned in the Vaikhānasagṛhyasūtra (viz., vaikhānasa-gṛhya-sūtra) which belongs to the Taittirīya school of the Black Yajurveda (kṛṣṇayajurveda).—The original Gṛhyasūtra of Vaikhanāsa consists of eleven chapters or “praśnas”. Each praśna is subdivided into sub-divisions called “khaṇḍa”. But only the first seven chapters deal with actual Gṛhyasūtra section. Pitṛyajña is one of the five pañcamahāyajñas.
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ).—(Piṇḍa)—done chiefly in the dark half of the month (Indukṣaya).*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 16. 21; 17. 4.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
Source: Pondicherry University: Consciousness in Viśiṣṭādvaita and DvaitaPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ) refers to the “duty towards ancestors” and represents one of the Pañcamahāyajñas or “five-fold duties” fulfilling which is part of the Kriyā (“action”) aspect of the spiritual disciplines (sādhana-saptaka), which are part of the religious practices of Rāmānuja’s ethics (sādhanās) for attaining liberation.—Action (kriyā) means that the devotee (mumukṣu) should fulfill the (pañcamahāyajñas).—Pitṛyajña refers to the duty towards ancestors and involves performance of rites for the departed souls and one’s ancestors.
Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: eScholarship: The descent of scripture: a history of the KamikagamaPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ) refers to certain Śaiva funerary rites, according to the Kāmikāgama: an ancient Śaiva Āgama scripture in 12,000 Sanskrit verses dating to at least the 5th century and represented as an encyclopedic account of ritual instructions (kriyāpāda).—In modern print editions, the Kāmika-āgama is structured in two major parts. The Uttarabhāga consists of 98 chapters (paṭalas) [...] A life-cycle ceremony for old-age initiates is outlined in Chapter 26. And we find details of Śaiva funerary rites (e.g., pitṛyajña) in Chapters 27, 28, and 29.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryPitṛ-yajña.—(CII 4), offerings to the manes; one of the pañca-mahāyajña. Note: pitṛ-yajña is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarypitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ).—n (S) The fourth of the five mahāyajña. Offerings of food (out of the ready meal) to the manes of deceased ancestors. See pañcayajña.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ).—
1) obsequial offerings.
2) offering libations of water every day to the deceased ancestors, it is one of the five daily Yajñas enjoined to be performed by a Brāhmaṇa; पितृयज्ञस्तु तर्पणम् (pitṛyajñastu tarpaṇam) Manusmṛti 3.1; also 122,283.
Derivable forms: pitṛyajñaḥ (पितृयज्ञः).
Pitṛyajña is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms pitṛ and yajña (यज्ञ).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ).—m.
(-jñaḥ) 1. Obsequial rites. 2. Oblations of water daily offered to the manes. E. pitṛ a progenitor, and yajña sacrifice.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ).—[masculine] sacrifice to the Manes.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ):—[=pitṛ-yajña] [from pitṛ] m. = -medha, [Ṛg-veda]; etc.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ):—[pitṛ-yajña] (jñaḥ) 1. m. Idem.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPitṛyajña (ಪಿತೃಯಜ್ಞ):—
1) [noun] a ritual of remembering one’s deceased ancestors and offering them oblations, usu. on the day of their death anniversary, during ಪಿತೃಪಕ್ಷ, [pitripaksha,]etc.
2) [noun] a funeral rite or ceremony.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryPitṛyajña (पितृयज्ञ):—n. obsequial offering to the deceased ancestors;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Pitri, Yajna.
Starts with: Pitriyajnaprayoga.
Ends with: Pindapitriyajna.
Full-text: Pancamahayajna, Pindapitriyajna, Apatnika, Pindapitriyajnaprayoga, Pitrimedha, Paitriyajniya, Pacamahayajna, Yagapinda, Paitriyajnika, Agnivat, Agnimat, Asamsthita, Tarpana, Yajna, Pakayajna, Peta, Panch, Panca.
Relevant text
Search found 34 books and stories containing Pitriyajna, Pitṛ-yajña, Pitr-yajna, Pitri-yajna, Pitṛyajña, Pitryajna; (plurals include: Pitriyajnas, yajñas, yajnas, Pitṛyajñas, Pitryajnas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Apastamba Yajna-paribhasa-sutras (by Hermann Oldenberg)
Atithi or Guest Reception (study) (by Sarika. P.)
Part 2 - Pañcamahāyajñas (The five daily great observances) < [Chapter 7 - Pañcamahāyajñas]
Part 4 - Atithi in Śrāddha < [Chapter 9 - Atithi-saparyā in Dharmaśāstra Literature]
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 3.12 < [Chapter 3 - Karma-yoga (Yoga through the Path of Action)]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 3.122 < [Section VIII - Śrāddhas]
Verse 4.21 < [Section IV - The ‘Five Sacrifices’]
Verse 3.123 < [Section VIII - Śrāddhas]
The Linga Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 26 - Procedure of Sacred Ablution < [Section 1 - Uttarabhāga]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 10.52.3 < [Sukta 52]
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