Paura: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Paura means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Paur.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationPaura (पौर) refers to “citizens”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.7.—Accordingly, after the Goddess (Umā/Śivā) incarnated as Pārvatī by becoming the daughter of Menā:—“[...] The lord of mountains rejoiced on seeing the child shining in dark splendour like that of the blue lotus. All the citizens [i.e., paura] there, both men and women, rejoiced much. There were great festivities. Different sorts of musical instruments were played. Auspicious songs were sung. The dancing girls exhibited their saltatorial skill. The lord of mountains performed post-natal sacred rites and made charitable gifts to the Brahmins. [...]”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Paura (पौर).—A son of Pṛthusena.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 49. 52.
1b) A Bhārgava gotrakāra.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 195. 20.
1c) A kingdom after Pṛthudarbha, son of Śibi.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 48. 20.
1d) Treated with respect by Pṛthu;1 were provided with seats in Mallaranga;2 also Paurajanas.3
1e) A Parāśara clan.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 8. 95.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira1) Paura (पौर) refers to “citizens”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 16) (“On the planets—graha-bhaktiyoga”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “[...] Jupiter also presides over elephants, horses, priests, rulers, ministers, marriages and health; over mercy, truthfulness, cleanliness, religious observances; over learning, gifts and charity; over citizens (paura), richmen, grammarians, Vedic students, sorcerers, lawyers, the ensigns of royalty—the umbrella, the flag-staff, the Cāmara and the like; over Śaileyaka, Mānsī, Tagara, Kuṣṭha, quicksilver, salt, beans, sweet flavour, wax and Coraka”.
2) Paura (पौर) is the name of the sun (when in the east), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 17) (“On planetary conjunctions—grahayuddha”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The Sun when in mid-heaven is known as an Ākranda planet; when in the east he is known as a Paura planet and when in the west he is known as a Yāyin planet. Mercury, Jupiter and Saturn are always known as Paura planets. The Moon is always known as an Ākranda planet”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryPaura.—(CII 4), name of a coin. Note: paura is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
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Paura.—cf. purāṇa. Note: paura is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarypaura (पौर).—a S Made or produced in, belonging or relating to, a town or city; oppidan, urban.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishpaura (पौर).—a Belonging to a town or city; urban.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPaura (पौर).—a. (-rī f.) [पुरे वसति शैषिको अण् (pure vasati śaiṣiko aṇ)]
1) Relating to a city or town, produced in a town, civic.
2) Ved. Filling one's own belly.
-raḥ 1 A townsman, citizen, (opp. jānapada); Kumārasambhava 6.41; R.2.1,74;12.3;16.9.
2) A term applied to a prince engaged in war under particular circumstances.
3) A planet in a state of opposition to other planets.
-rī The language of the servants in a palace.
-ram A sort of grass (rohiṣa).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryPaura (पौर).—only f. °rī, with or sc. vāc(ā) (compare Sanskrit paura, subst.; = Pali porī, with vācā; [Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary] wrongly gives stem as porin), urbane, courteous, elegant (speech): pauriye vācāye (instr.) Mahāvastu iii.322.2; (vāg…) na paurī Śikṣāsamuccaya 127.5 (wrongly translation(s) Bendall and Rouse); with vāc, Daśabhūmikasūtra 24.13; Bodhisattvabhūmi 65.11; sc. vāc, in [compound] paurī-sāṃkathyam Mahāvyutpatti 2808.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPaura (पौर).—mfn.
(-raḥ-rī-raṃ) City, citizen, relating to or produced in a town or city. n.
(-raṃ) A fragrant grass. E. pura a city, aff. aṇ .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPaura (पौर).—i. e. pura + a, adj., f. rī, sbst. Relating to or produced in a town, citizen, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] 18, 9; [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 74, 6.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPaura (पौर).—1. [masculine] filler, increaser.
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Paura (पौर).—2. [masculine] townsman, citizen.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Paura (पौर):—1. paura m. (√pṝ) ‘filler, increaser’, Name of Soma ([Sāyaṇa] = udara-pūraka)
2) of Indra ([Sāyaṇa] = pūrayitṛ)
3) of the Aśvins etc., [Ṛg-veda]
4) of a Ṛṣi (author of [Ṛg-veda v, 73; 74])
5) ([plural]) of a dynasty, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
6) 2. paura mf(ī)n. ([from] pura) belonging to a town or city, urban, civic
7) m. a townsman, citizen (opp. to jānapada), [Gautama-dharma-śāstra; Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
8) a prince engaged in war under certain circumstances (= nāgara, q.v., applied also to planets opposed to each other), [Varāha-mihira]
9) ([plural]) Name of a dynasty, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
10) n. a species of fragrant grass, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPaura (पौर):—[(raḥ-rī-raṃ)] 1. m. n. 3. f. City; citizen. n. A fragrant grass.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Paura (पौर) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Paura, Purilla, Pora.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPaura (पौर) [Also spelled paur]:—(a) urban, municipal, civic, pertaining to the city; outer verandah in a house; (nm) a municipal councillor; ~, [mahā] major; —[sadana] the town hall.
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Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary1) Paura (पौर) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Pracura.
2) Paura (पौर) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Paura.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPaura (ಪೌರ):—
1) [adjective] of a city, citizens or citizenship; civic.
2) [adjective] in, of, to, toward or facing the east; eastern.
3) [adjective] of, belonging to, made in a western country (esp. the West).
4) [adjective] of times long past; belonging to the early period.
5) [adjective] of or for civilians; nonmilitary; civilian.
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Paura (ಪೌರ):—
1) [noun] a man living in a city; a city-dweller.
2) [noun] a member of a state or nation, esp. one with a republican form of government, who owes allegiance to it by birth or naturalisation and is entitled to full civil rights; a citizen.
3) [noun] a center of population larger or more important than a town.
4) [noun] the fragrant grass Sorghum nitidum ( = andropogon serratus) of Poaceae family.
5) [noun] a civilian, as distinguished from a person in military service, a policeman, etc.; a citizen.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+44): Paura-vithillaka, Paura-vyavaharika, Pauraba, Paurabandhu, Paurada, Pauradharma, Pauragiya, Pauragraganya, Paurajana, Paurajanapada, Pauraka, Paurakam, Paurakanya, Paurakarya, Paurakutsa, Paurakutsi, Pauraloka, Pauramdara, Pauramdhra, Pauramgana.
Ends with: Nilapaura, Sapaura, Shivapaura, Tipaura.
Full-text (+32): Paurajana, Purilla, Pora, Paurasakhya, Pauraka, Pauraloka, Paurajanapada, Pauravriddha, Paurakarya, Paurayoshit, Paurastri, Nilapora, Pauragraganya, Paurarucideva, Paurakanya, Pauramukhya, Paurangana, Paurastya, Paura-vithillaka, Paura-vyavaharika.
Relevant text
Search found 14 books and stories containing Paura; (plurals include: Pauras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
The Matsya Purana (critical study) (by Kushal Kalita)
Part 2.1m - The Paurava Dynasty < [Chapter 3 - Historical aspects in the Matsyapurāṇa]
Brihat Samhita (by N. Chidambaram Iyer)
Chapter 17 - On planetary conjunctions (grahayuddha)
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.6.28 < [Chapter 6 - Seeing Śrī Mathurā]
Verse 5.7.41 < [Chapter 7 - The Killing of Kuvalayāpīḍa]
Matangalila and Hastyayurveda (study) (by Chandrima Das)
Our Political Heritage < [January 1952]