Parvataraja, Parvatarāja, Parvata-raja: 9 definitions
Introduction:
Parvataraja means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Source: Archaeological Survey of India: Śaiva monuments at Paṭṭadakal (śilpa)Parvatarāja (पर्वतराज) refers to the “king of mountains” (Himālaya) and is found as a sculpture on the fourth pillar of the maṇḍapa of the temple of Kāśīviśveśvara.—To the extreme left is a person having the look of a sage. He is Parvatarāja, King of mountains Himālaya. Pārvatī is his daughter and he is performing kanyādāna, giving the daughter in marriage to her would be husband by pouring libation water. The bride groom is Śiva and he is standing next to Parvatarāja, father of Pārvatī. Śiva is making the gesture of receiving the libation water.
Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationParvatarāja (पर्वतराज) refers to the “king of mountains”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.22. Accordingly as Śiva said to Sitā:—“[...] O my beloved, beautiful woman, clouds will not reach the place where I have to make an abode for you. [...] Menakā, the wife of the king of mountains (Parvatarāja) famous in the three worlds for her beauty and good qualities will delight you very much through words of entreaties”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: academia.edu: Gleanings from Atula’s MusikavamsaParvatarāja (पर्वतराज) refers to the “king of the mountain”, according to the historical poem Mūṣikavaṃśa by Atula dealing with the royal lineage of North Kerala in roughly 1000 verses.—There is the account of the widow of the king of Māhiṣmatī, who was about to commit suicide at the death of her husband at the hand of Paraśurāma, and who was rescued by her preceptor. He helps her to escape from the province and after great toil, they reach the Eli mountain on the banks of the Western sea and she enters a cave to take rest. At this juncture, the poet describes how a huge rat, having the size of an elephant looking terrible ‘with flesh and blood all over its face’ enters the cave with a loud noise and tries to devour the queen. She falls down on the floor and her frightened wail invites the attention of her preceptor, whose advent helps her to regain composure. A terrible fire emits from her eyes and reduces the rat to ashes. A majestic King appears in its place with jeweled crown and white garlands, accompanied by sylvan deities and other attendants. Introducing himself as the King of the mountain [i.e., parvatarāja]. He narrates the story of his metamorphosis into a rat, caused by the curse of sage Viśvāmitra, when, assuming the form of rats, he and his consort were engaged in amorous dalliance in the holy confluence of rivers on his tableland, thereby insulting the visiting sage. [...]
Meanwhile, Paraśurāma himself had gone a morel transformation listening to the wailings of the Kṣatriya women and in his repentant mood, he performed various rites for the redemption of his sins. It is mentioned that for the completion of the rite, he required the help of a Kṣatriya and with the help of Parvatarāja, the mountain king, he got the services of the prince living in the cave. [...]
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā1) Parvatarāja (पर्वतराज) refers to the “king of the mountain”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] Save for those who were sitting in the pavilion in the sky, the rest of them in the great three-thousand of worlds, staying on the surface of the earth, as far as its foundations, thought that they disappeared. The king of the mountain (parvatarāja), Mount Sumeru, Mount Cakravāḍa, and Mount Mahācakravāḍa disappeared from the sight of living beings. Villages, towns, market-towns, royal cities, capitals disappeared as well. However, with the lion’s throne (simhāsana) of the Lord it was another matter, they perceived it as shining ten thousand yojanas high as placed in these pavilions placed in the vault of the sky”.
2) Parvatarāja (पर्वतराज) is the name of a Tathāgata, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā.—Accordingly, “Then the Lord smiled (smita), and the venerable Ānanda asked the meaning of smiling: ‘O Lord, as the Tathāgata does not smile for no reason, what is the reason for smiling?’ The Lord said: ‘Ānanda, the bodhisatva Gaganagañja received five hundred robes by those five hundred monks, put them into the treasury of open space, sprinkled on the world-sphere called Kāṣāyadhvaja. In this way he performed the Buddha-activities in the Buddha-field of the Tathāgata Parvatarāj [...]’.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryParvatarāja (पर्वतराज).—
1) a large mountain.
2) 'the lord of mountains', the Himālaya mountain.
Derivable forms: parvatarājaḥ (पर्वतराजः).
Parvatarāja is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms parvata and rāja (राज).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryParvatarāja (पर्वतराज).—[masculine] = [preceding], [Epithet] of the Himavant.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryParvatarāja (पर्वतराज):—[=parvata-rāja] [from parvata > parv] m. idem
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusParvatarāja (ಪರ್ವತರಾಜ):—
1) [noun] Himālaya, the king of mountains.
2) [noun] Śiva, the Lord of Kailāsa mountain.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Parvata, Raja.
Starts with: Parvatarajakanya, Parvatarajaputri.
Ends with: Kancanaparvataraja.
Full-text: Parvatarajaputri, Parvatarajakanya, Parvatanatha, Parvataracan, Abhirocate, Melanduka, Balika, Sumeru, Cakravada, Nagara, Rajadhani, Nigama, Grama, Rashtra, Mahacakravada, Menaka, Paurava, Girijakalyana.
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Search found 5 books and stories containing Parvataraja, Parvatarāja, Parvata-raja, Parvata-rāja; (plurals include: Parvatarajas, Parvatarājas, rajas, rājas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
The history of Andhra country (1000 AD - 1500 AD) (by Yashoda Devi)
Part 9 - The Saluvas of Tirupati < [Chapter XVIII - The Saluvas]
Samarangana-sutradhara (Summary) (by D. N. Shukla)
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Act 7.1: The Buddha shows his ordinary body (prakṛtyātmabhāva) < [Chapter XIV - Emission of rays]
Act 6: The Buddha manifests his supernatural qualities in the trichiliocosm < [Chapter XIV - Emission of rays]
Part 1 - For what reasons did the Buddha preach Mahāprajñāpāramitāsūtra? < [Chapter I - Explanation of Arguments]
Later Chola Temples (by S. R. Balasubrahmanyam)
Temples in Melakkadambur < [Chapter II - Temples of Kulottunga I’s Time]
Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra
Chapter XVIII - On Actual Illness < [Section Two]