Parivraj, Parivrāj, Parivrat: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Parivraj means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Parivrāj (परिव्राज्) refers to “wandering ascetics”, whose mask should be represented as having a shaven head (śiromuṇḍa), according to Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 23. Providing masks is a component of nepathya (costumes and make-up) and is to be done in accordance with the science of āhāryābhinaya (extraneous representation).
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Parivrāj (परिव्राज्) refers to a “wandering recluse”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.22 (“Description of Jalandhara’s Battle”).—Accordingly, as Jalandhara said to the Daityas: “[...] Death in battle is preferrable. It yields all cherished desires. It is especially conducive to fame. It has been proclaimed as the bestower of salvation too. The wandering recluse (parivrāj) of supreme knowledge and wisdom [parivrāṭ paramajñānī] as well as he who dies fighting face to face, attain the greatest region after breaking through the solar sphere. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Parivraj (परिव्रज्).—1 P.
1) To wander about as a religious mendicant.
2) Turn out a recluse; त्यक्त्वा संगान् परिव्रजेत् (tyaktvā saṃgān parivrajet) Manusmṛti 6.33.
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Parivrāj (परिव्राज्).—m., [parivrājaḥ, -jakaḥ] A wandering mendicant, vagrant, recluse, an ascetic (of the fourth religious order) who has renounced the world; सर्वारम्भपरित्यागो भैक्ष्याश्यं ब्रह्ममूलता । निष्परिग्रहताऽद्रोहः समता सर्वजन्तुषु (sarvārambhaparityāgo bhaikṣyāśyaṃ brahmamūlatā | niṣparigrahatā'drohaḥ samatā sarvajantuṣu) || ......... भावसंशुद्धिरित्येषु परिव्राड्वर्य उच्यते (bhāvasaṃśuddhirityeṣu parivrāḍvarya ucyate) || Śabda Ch.
See also (synonyms): parivrāja, parivrājaka.
Parivrāj (परिव्राज्).—m. (-ḍ or ṭ) The man of the last religious order, the mendicant devotee. E. pari about, vraj to go, aff. kkip, and the vowel made long; also with ghañ aff. parivrāja.
Parivrāj (परिव्राज्).—i. e. pari-vraj, m. A (wandering) ascetic, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 52, 4; cf. Kām. Nītis. 2, 29, 31.
Parivrāj (परिव्राज्).—[masculine] ([nominative] vrāṭ) vagrant, religious mendicant.
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Parivraj (परिव्रज्).—walk about, circumambulate; roam, wander ([especially] as a religious mendicant).
Parivraj is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms pari and vraj (व्रज्).
1) Parivraj (परिव्रज्):—[=pari-√vraj] [Parasmaipada] -vrajati ([indeclinable participle] -vrajya), to go or wander about, walk round, circumambulate ([accusative]), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Gṛhya-sūtra and śrauta-sūtra] etc.;
—to wander about as a religious mendicant, [Upaniṣad; Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.;—(with Jainas) to become a recluse, [Hemacandra’s Pariśiṣṭaparvan] :
—[Causal] -vrājayati, to cause a person to become a recluse, [ib.]
2) [v.s. ...] [Desiderative] -vivrajiṣati, to wish to wander about as a mendicant, [Buddha-carita]
3) Parivrāj (परिव्राज्):—[=pari-vrāj] [from pari-vraj] m. ([Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa etc.] [nominative case] ṭ) a wandering mendicant, ascetic of the fourth and last religious order (who has renounced the world).
Parivrāj (परिव्राज्):—[pari-vrāj] (ṭ) 5. m. An ascetic.
[Sanskrit to German]
Parivraj (परिव्रज्) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Parivvaa.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Vraj, Vrat, Pari.
Starts with: Parivraja, Parivrajak, Parivrajaka, Parivrajaka acarya, Parivrajakasamskaravidhi, Parivrajakopanishad, Parivrajana, Parivraji, Parivrajika, Parivrajike, Parivrajisu, Parivrajitri, Parivrajya, Parivrajye.
Full-text: Parivrajya, Suparivraj, Parivraja, Nrisimhapuri parivraj, Parivrajaka, Narayana parivraj, Parivraji, Paribbajati, Parivvaa, Pravraj, Yatishvara, Paribbajaka, Paramajnani, Munda, Nrisimha, Agantu, Narayana.
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Search found 16 books and stories containing Parivraj, Pari-vraj, Pari-vrāj, Pari-vrat, Pari-vrāṭ, Pari-vrāt, Parivrāj, Parivrat, Parivrāṭ, Parivrāt; (plurals include: Parivrajs, vrajs, vrājs, vrats, vrāṭs, vrāts, Parivrājs, Parivrats, Parivrāṭs, Parivrāts). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Thirty minor Upanishads (by K. Narayanasvami Aiyar)
Narada Parivrajaka Upanishad of Atharvaveda, Chapter IX
Narada Parivrajaka Upanishad of Atharvaveda, Chapter III
Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study) (by A. Yamuna Devi)
The four Āśramas < [Chapter 3 - Social Aspects]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Page 253 < [Volume 1, Part 3 (1905)]
Page 172 < [Volume 1, Part 3 (1905)]
Page 102 < [Volume 29 (1942)]
Dhammapada (translated from the Pali) (by F. Max Müller)
Markandeya Purana (Study) (by Chandamita Bhattacharya)
Divisions of Āśrama (Introduction) < [Chapter 2]
Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)