Parishrama, Pariśrama, Pariśrāma: 17 definitions
Introduction:
Parishrama means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Pariśrama and Pariśrāma can be transliterated into English as Parisrama or Parishrama, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
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In Hinduism
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Pariśrama (परिश्रम) refers to the “effort (of concentration and meditation)”, according to the Yogatārāvalī: a short Yoga text of twenty-nine verses presenting Haṭhayoga as the means to Rājayoga (i.e., Samādhi).—Accordingly, while discussing the connection between Haṭhayoga and Rājayoga: “For great adepts [of yoga], an extraordinary absorption of the breath arises, [which is] free from the activity of all the senses. [It is brought about] by the cessation of the [normally] unrestrained process of breathing. [Such cessations] are called Kevalakumbhaka. There are no gazing points, no fixing of the mind [on a meditation-object], no time or place, no [deliberate] stopping of the breath, nor the effort (pariśrama) of concentration and meditation when Rājayoga is flourishing”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Pariśrama (परिश्रम) refers to “effort”, according to the Śrīmatottara-tantra, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, [while describing the visualized form of Navātman Bhairava]: “[...] He who practices the Navātmānanda Bhairava, in this way quickly attains success. O fair lady, it is the means to attain all the things (one) desires. He who has Navātman in (his) heart holds success in (his) hand. O fair lady, the Krama of one who does not deposit the Vaḍava Fire of Navātman is empty; (his) effort (jñāna-pariśrama), O goddess, is useless. He is not liberated (and is like) those who are sunk in sinful action. O mistress of the God of the gods, he sinks into the ocean of transmigration which is hard to cross. [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Pariśrama (परिश्रम) refers to “those who are lame with (foot) weariness”, according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 10, “on the catching of elephants”]: “11. With sounds of kettledrums, musical instruments, drums, etc., driving apart the elephants, the herders, always with a crowd (of followers), swiftly and fearlessly pursuing the greatly frightened animals, when the young elephants are lame with foot weariness (pāda-pariśrama), shall then quickly and cleverly catch them. This is the method of catching elephants known as ‘pursuit’”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
pariśrama (परिश्रम).—m (S) Laborious and fatiguing exertion. 2 Fatigue, weariness, exhaustion from labor.
pariśrama (परिश्रम).—m Laborious exertion. Fatigue.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Pariśrama (परिश्रम) or Pariśrāma (परिश्राम).—
1) Fatigue, exhaustion, trouble, pain; आत्मा परिश्रमस्य पदमुपनीतः (ātmā pariśramasya padamupanītaḥ) Ś.1; R.1.58;11.12.
2) Exertion, labour; ब्रह्मञ्छ्रेयः परिश्रामः पुंसो मद्दर्शनावधिः (brahmañchreyaḥ pariśrāmaḥ puṃso maddarśanāvadhiḥ) Bhāgavata 2.9.2.
3) (Hence) Close application to or study of, being constantly occupied with; आर्ये कृतपरि- श्रमोऽस्मि चतुःषष्ठ्यङ्गे ज्योतिःशास्त्रे (ārye kṛtapari- śramo'smi catuḥṣaṣṭhyaṅge jyotiḥśāstre) Mu.1.
4) The result; अस्यैष नीतेः परिश्रमः (asyaiṣa nīteḥ pariśramaḥ) Pratijñā.2.
Derivable forms: , pariśrāmaḥ (परिश्रामः).
Pariśrama (परिश्रम).—m.
(-maḥ) 1. Labour, trouble, pain. 2. Distress, fatigue. E. pari exceeding, śrama weariness.
Pariśrama (परिश्रम).—pariśrāma, i. e. pari-śram + a, m. 1. Fatigue, [Sāvitryupākhyāna] 4, 21. 2. Exertion, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 19, 15.
Pariśrama can also be spelled as Pariśrāma (परिश्राम).
Pariśrama (परिश्रम).—[masculine] fatigue, pain, exertion, labour.
1) Pariśrama (परिश्रम):—[=pari-śrama] [from pari-śram] m. fatigue, exertion, labour, fatiguing occupation, trouble, pain, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
2) Pariśrāma (परिश्राम):—[=pari-śrāma] [from pari-śram] m. fatiguing, occupation, trouble, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
Pariśrama (परिश्रम):—[pari-śrama] (maḥ) 1. m. Distress, fatigue.
Pariśrama (परिश्रम):—(von śram mit pari) m. Ermüdung, eine ermüdende Beschäftigung, Anstrengung [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 319.] [Sāvitryupākhyāna 4, 21.] [Mahābhārata 4, 147.] samarapariśramaṃ vahan [Harivaṃśa 9450.] [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 30, 11. 56, 3.] adhva [Rāmāyaṇa Gorresio 2, 30, 12. 3, 78, 28.] [Suśruta 1, 13, 15.] jita [KĀM. NĪTIS. 14, 38.] [Mṛcchakaṭikā 121, 7.] [Mālavikāgnimitra 65, 15.] [Spr. 672.] [Ṛtusaṃhāra 4, 17.] [Raghuvaṃśa 1, 58. 9, 38. 11, 12. 13, 46.] [Kumārasaṃbhava 5, 32.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 5, 197.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 4, 89. 39, 180. 42, 223.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 2, 2, 3. 8, 24, 46. 9, 20, 10.] tanmukhaṃ svedabhinnatilakaṃ pariśramāt [Raghuvaṃśa 19, 15.] evaṃ tīvratapaścāhaṃ kaṣṭaścāyaṃ pariśramaḥ [Mahābhārata 13, 2365.] mahatā tapasā labdho vividhaiśca pariśramaiḥ [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 86, 12. 6, 100, 9.] alaṃ pariśrameṇa (v. l. für paribhrameṇa) [Mṛcchakaṭikā 1, 9.] vāṅmātreṇāpi yāmīti vaktavye kaḥ pariśramaḥ [Harivaṃśa 4813.] jaye kṛtapariśramau [15983.] pātañjale mahābhāṣye kṛtabhūripariśramaḥ [Oxforder Handschriften 164,b,2 v. u. No. 107,] [Śloka 4.] [Kirātārjunīya.4,17.8,7.] aślādhyo vadataḥ putra tavāyaṃ vākpariśramaḥ [Harivaṃśa 4235.] [Rāmāyaṇa 6, 100, 13.] śāstra anhaltende Beschäftigung mit den Lehrbüchern [Mallinātha] zu [Raghuvaṃśa 1, 5.] tannimittābhirāsīnau kathābhirapariśramau nicht müde werdend von den Gesprächen [Daśaratha’s Tod 2, 5.]
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Pariśrāma (परिश्राम):—(von śram mit pari) m. Ermüdung, eine ermüdende Beschäftigung: śreyaḥ die grosse Mühe, die man sich giebt um die Seligkeit zu erlangen, [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 2, 9, 20.]
Pariśrama (परिश्रम):—m. Ermüdung , eine ermüdende Beschäftigung , Anstrengung , anhaltende Beschäftigung mit (im Comp. vorangehend). Ausnahmsweise Pl.
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Pariśrāma (परिश्राम):—(metrisch) m. die grosse Mühe , die man sich um — giebt.
Pariśrama (परिश्रम) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Parissama.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Pariśrama (परिश्रम) [Also spelled parisram]:—(nm) labour, industry, hard work, exertion, diligence; ~[śramaśīla] tending to labour/work hard, industrious, disposed to exert; hence ~[śramaśīlatā] (nf); ~[śramī] laborious, industrious, painstaking; hardworking, diligent; —[kabhī vyartha nahīṃ jātā] industry must bring its reward, hard work is never wasted.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Pariśrama (ಪರಿಶ್ರಮ):—
1) [noun] physical or mental exhaustion; weariness; fatigue.
2) [noun] knowledge, skill or practice resulting from the activities as training, observation, personal participation, etc.; experience.
3) [noun] hard work; active use of strength, power, etc.; continuous and sincere effort.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Pariśrama (परिश्रम):—n. 1. labor; effort; exertion; industry; diligence; 2. strain; trouble; fatigue;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Shrama, Pari.
Starts with (+0): Parishramaklama, Parishramana, Parishramapaha.
Full-text (+13): Shreyahparishrama, Kritaparishrama, Bhrashtaparishrama, Pathaparishrama, Samsaraparishrama, Parishramaklama, Padaparishrama, Parishram, Dhyanaparishrama, Dharanaparishrama, Jnanaparishrama, Parishramapaha, Nodin, Parissama, Parishranti, Vanasamvasin, Vanasad, Athak, Attaka, Shilakusuma.
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Search found 25 books and stories containing Parishrama, Pari-shrama, Pari-śrama, Pari-srama, Pari-śrāma, Pariśrama, Parisrama, Pariśrāma; (plurals include: Parishramas, shramas, śramas, sramas, śrāmas, Pariśramas, Parisramas, Pariśrāmas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 172 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 3]
Page 194 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 366 < [Hindi-Malayalam-English Volume 3]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 3.2.114 < [Chapter 2 - Description of the Lord’s Travel Through Bhuvaneśvara and Other Placesto Jagannātha Purī]
Verse 1.17.50 < [Chapter 17 - The Lord’s Travel to Gayā]
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Clinical study of role of shwet parpati in mutradahaa case report < [2024: Volume 13, February issue 3]
Study on asthma nidana in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) < [2022: Volume 11, August issue 11]
Review on shramahara drugs describe in various brihatrayi and nighantus < [2021: Volume 10, July issue 8]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine
Multi-dimensional fatigue inventory: a tool to assess shrama < [Volume 3, issue 3 (2015)]