Parijnana, Parijñāna: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Parijnana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Parigyan.
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramParijñāna (परिज्ञान) refers to the “knowing”, according to the Ṭīkā (commentary) on the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “[...] Thus, by knowing the five (elemental) principles [i.e., pañcatattva-parijñāna] completely by means of the five-fold Self, (all) thirty-six principles are attained. Similarly, by knowing the Śiva principle, that is, the principle of Supreme Śiva by means of the Śambhu's Self, which is the sixth, one becomes of his nature. Thus the pervasion of the sixfold Self has been explained”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric TraditionsParijñāna (परिज्ञान) refers to “perceiving (that which has Śiva-nature)”, according to Tantrālokaviveka commentary on the Tantrāloka verses 4.228ab.—Accordingly, “[‘As regards the Yogin, moreover, that purity exists with respect to (all) entities’].—Indeed, the majority of bound souls do not perceive (parijñāna) even (Śaiva) mantras as having Śiva-nature, and therefore they suppose them to be impure, since they fail (even) to perform their own duties (in employing these mantras). But, as for the Yogin, he perceives (everything,) beginning with the earth, as having that [Śiva-nature]. Therefore, (he perceives that) all of them without exception are completely pure. Indeed, this alone is the very nature of the Yogin as a Yogin, that he perceives this entire universe as possessed of Śiva-nature. This is definitive”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason BirchParijñāna (परिज्ञान) refers to the “knowledge (of Mudrās)”, according to the Śivayogadīpikā by Sadāśivayogīśvara: a text dealing with Śaivism and Haṭhayoga in two hundred and eighty-nine verses.—Accordingly, “Knowledge of the twenty-five Tattvas is that [Rājayoga] which is called Sāṅkhya. The [Rāja]yoga called Tāraka is [so called] because [it consists in] knowledge of external Mudrā (mudrā-parijñāna), and Amanaska is [so called] because [it consists in] knowledge of internal Mudrā. Tāraka is more laudable than Sāṅkhya and Amanaska is more laudable than Tāraka. Because it is the king of all Yogas, it is called Rājayoga”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the GaganagañjaparipṛcchāParijñāna (परिज्ञान) refers to “knowing (the cause)”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, as Gaganagañja said to Ratnapāṇi: “Son of good family, those sixty-four dharmas are included in one hundred twenty-eight dharmas. What are those one hundred twenty-four? [...] (29) no agitation is included in going and reaching to the utmost limit; (30) no objection is included in truth and delight in the dharma; (31) renounce is included in knowing the cause (hetu-parijñāna) and getting rid of false views; (32) eliminating the concept of mine is included in the absence of what belongs to the ego and property; [...]’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryparijñāna (परिज्ञान).—n S Thorough knowledge of; conversancy and skill in.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishparijñāna (परिज्ञान).—n Thorough knowledge of.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryParijñāna (परिज्ञान).—
1) Thorough knowledge, complete acquaintance; यत्ते मम परिज्ञाने कौतूहलमरिंदम (yatte mama parijñāne kautūhalamariṃdama) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 3.147.26.
2) Recognition.
Derivable forms: parijñānam (परिज्ञानम्).
See also (synonyms): parijñā.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryParijñāna (परिज्ञान).—n.
(-naṃ) Knowledge, ascertainment, discrimination. E. pari, and jñāna knowledge.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryParijñāna (परिज्ञान).—i. e. pari-jñā + ana, n. Learning, [Yājñavalkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 1, 317; knowledge, [Rāmāyaṇa] 4, 13, 14.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryParijñāna (परिज्ञान).—[neuter] perception, knowledge.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryParijñāna (परिज्ञान):—[=pari-jñāna] [from pari-jñā] n. perception, thorough knowledge, ascertainment, experience, discrimination, [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryParijñāna (परिज्ञान):—[pari-jñāna] (naṃ) 1. n. Knowledge.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Parijñāna (परिज्ञान) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Pariṇṇāṇa, Parimuṇia, Pariyāṇaṇa, Pariyāṇia.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryParijñāna (परिज्ञान) [Also spelled parigyan]:—(nm) thorough knowledge, deep insight, mastery (over a subject); ascertainment; ~[ta] see [parijñāta].
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See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Parijnanamaya, Parijnanata, Parinnanam.
Ends with: Bindvakhyaparijnana, Hetuparijnana, Mudraparijnana, Shiramarmaparijnana, Tadakaraparijnana.
Full-text: Pariyania, Parijnanamaya, Parigyan, Parijnanin, Parijnanata, Parinnaya, Parinnana, Parimunia, Pariyanana, Tadakaraparijnana, Adhahpatana, Knowledge, Parinna, Bindvakhya, Pancatattva, Parinna Sutta, Gocara.
Relevant text
Search found 5 books and stories containing Parijnana, Parijñāna, Pari-jnana, Pari-jñāna; (plurals include: Parijnanas, Parijñānas, jnanas, jñānas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taittiriya Upanishad Bhashya Vartika (by R. Balasubramanian)
Verse 2.553 < [Book 2 - Brahmavallī]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Appendix 1 - The four nirvedhabhāgiya (auxiliaries of penetration or insight) < [Chapter XII - Unhindered Mind]
Yogadrstisamuccaya of Haribhadra Suri (Study) (by Riddhi J. Shah)
Chapter 1.4 - From Haribhadrasūri to Hemacandrācārya (Hemachandra) < [Chapter 1 - The Jain Yoga Tradition—A Historical Review]
Shishupala-vadha (Study) (by Shila Chakraborty)
Dūta according to the Arthaśātra < [Chapter 2a - Activities of ambassador (Dūta)]
A Dictionary Of Chinese Buddhist Terms (by William Edward Soothill)