Parijataka, Pārijātaka: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Parijataka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक).—A sage who was a brilliant member of the court of Yudhiṣṭhira. (Śloka 14, Chapter 4, Sabhā Parva).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)
Pārijātaka in the Marathi language is another name for Śephālī, a medicinal plant identified with Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. (or ‘night-flowering jasmine’) from the Oleaceae family of flowering plants, according to verse 4.155-156 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The fourth chapter (śatāhvādi-varga) of this book enumerates eighty varieties of small plants (pṛthu-kṣupa). Other than the Marathi word Pārijātaka, there are more synonyms identified for this plant among which eighteen are in Sanskrit.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Pārijātaka in the Marathi language refers to the medicinal tree “Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.”, and is used for ethnomedicine treatment of Fever in Ahmednagar district, India. The parts used are: “Leaves”. Instructions for using the tree named Pārijātaka: 10 ml of fresh juice from the boiled leaves with honey—twice a day.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक).—Among the Trayastriṃṣa gods, the odor of the magnolia flower (kovidāra) called ‘pārijātaka’ is propagated for a hundred yojanas with the wind, for fifty yojanas against the wind. By contrast, the smell of flowers in the human world does not go against the wind. Also see Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XIV).
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Biology (plants and animals)
Parijataka in India is the name of a plant defined with Erythrina variegata in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Corallodendron lithospermum (Blume ex Miq.) Kuntze (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Flora de Filipinas (1837)
· Flora of the Presidency of Madras (1918)
· Novi Commentarii Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Gottingensis (1787)
· The Flora of the Malay Peninsula (1922)
· Revisio Generum Plantarum (1891)
· Flora Cochinchinensis (1790)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Parijataka, for example pregnancy safety, side effects, health benefits, extract dosage, diet and recipes, chemical composition, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक).—[pāramasyāstīti pārī samudrastatra jātaḥ, tasya samudrotpannatvāt]
1) Name of one of the five trees of Paradise, Nictanthus arbor-tristis (said to have been produced at the churning of the ocean and come into the possession of Indra, from whom it was wrested by Kṛṣṇa and planted in the garden of his beloved Satyabhāmā), कल्पद्रुमाणामिव पारिजातः (kalpadrumāṇāmiva pārijātaḥ) R.6.6;1.11;17.7; पञ्चैते देवतरवो मन्दारः पारिजातकः (pañcaite devataravo mandāraḥ pārijātakaḥ) Ak.
2) The coral tree.
3) Fragrance.
Derivable forms: pārijātakaḥ (पारिजातकः).
See also (synonyms): pārijāta.
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक).—m.
(-kaḥ) 1. A tree of paradise. 2. The coral tree. E. kan added to the last.
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक).—[pārijāta + ka], m. The same.
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक).—[masculine] the coral tree, [Name] of one of the five trees of paradise, a man’s name.
1) Parijātaka (परिजातक):—[=pari-jātaka] [from pari-jā] n. Name of [work] on domestic rites.
2) Pārijātaka (पारिजातक):—[=pāri-jāta-ka] [from pāri-jāta > pāri] m. the coral tree or its wood, [Suśruta; Purāṇa]
3) [v.s. ...] Name of a Ṛṣi, [Mahābhārata]
4) [v.s. ...] of other men, [Harṣacarita] (-ratnākara m. Name of [work])
5) [v.s. ...] m. or n. Name of a drama (= ta-karaṇa)
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. Idem.
Parijātaka (परिजातक):—(pa + jā) n. Titel eines Werkes über häusliche Cerimonien [morgenländischen Gesellschaft 2, 340 (174. 175).]
--- OR ---
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक):—m.
1) = pārijāta [1.] [Amarakoṣa 2, 4, 2, 6.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 172.] [Suśruta 2, 89, 12.] [Śatruṃjayamāhātmya 1, 40.] —
2) = pārijāta [?2. Amarakoṣa.1,1,1,45. Halāyudha.1,135. BRAHMAVAIV. Pāṇini’s acht Bücher in Oxforder Handschriften 26,a,14.] —
3) Nomen proprium eines Weisen [Mahābhārata 2, 109.]
Parijātaka (परिजातक):—n. Titel eines Werkes.
--- OR ---
Pārijātaka (पारिजातक):—m. —
1) = pārijāta
1) —
2) = pārijāta
2) —
3) Titel eines Schauspiels , = pārijātaharaṇa [Private libraries (Gustav) 1.] —
4) Nomen proprium verschiedener Männer [Harṣacarita 11,11.]
Pārijātaka (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 園生 [yuán shēng]: “(Skt. pārijātaka) tree”.
2) 圓生 [yuán shēng]: “(Skt. pārijātaka) tree”.
3) 婆利闍多迦 [pó lì dū duō jiā]: “(Skt. pārijātaka)”.
4) 彼岸生 [bǐ àn shēng]: “(Skt. pārijātaka)”.
5) 樹王 [shù wáng]: “king of trees”.
6) 波利質多羅樹 [bō lì zhì duō luó shù]: “(Skt. pārijātaka) tree”.
7) 畫度樹 [huà dù shù]: “lit. Picture-Passing-Over-Tree”.
8) 高遍樹 [gāo biàn shù]: “(Skt. pārijātaka) tree”.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Pārijātaka (ಪಾರಿಜಾತಕ):—
1) [noun] = ಪಾರಿಜಾತ [parijata].
2) [noun] the tree Erythrina variegata ( = E. indica) var. albiflora of Papilionaceae family.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Parijata, Jataka, Pari, Ka.
Starts with (+0): Parijatakaharanacampu, Parijatakapushpaka, Parijatakaratnakara, Parijatakaratnakare prashnashastram.
Full-text (+11): Parijatakaratnakara, Parijata, Devataru, Parijatakapushpaka, Po li du duo jia, Hua du shu, Vien sinh, Parajakta, Gao bian shu, Tarurajan, Bo li zhi duo luo shu, Bi ngan sanh, Cao bien thu, Parijatakaharanacampu, Pancavriksha, Ba loi xa da ca, Vien sinh thu kinh, Ba loi chat da la thu, Haricandana, Yuan sheng shu jing.
Relevant text
Search found 36 books and stories containing Parijataka, Pārijātaka, Parijātaka, Pari-jataka, Pari-jātaka, Parijata-ka, Pārijāta-ka; (plurals include: Parijatakas, Pārijātakas, Parijātakas, jatakas, jātakas, kas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 6.16.26 < [Chapter 16 - Seeing Śrī Rādhā’s Form]
Verses 6.19.11-13 < [Chapter 19 - In the First Fortress of Dvārakā, the Glories of Līlā-sarovara, etc.]
Verses 6.17.3-5 < [Chapter 17 - Śrī Śrī Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa Meet at Siddhāśrama and the Nature of Śrī Rādhā’s Love Is Revealed]
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Pharmacognostic, phytochemical, and pharmacological review of Nyctanthes. < [2023: Volume 12, July issue 11]
Ayurvedic management of gridhrasi < [2017: Volume 6, April issue 4]
Review of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Parijatha) in Ayurvedic texts < [2018: Volume 7, February special issue 4]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Page 233 < [Volume 13 (1898)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 456 < [Marathi-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 374 < [Marathi-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Page 365 < [Hindi-Marathi-English Volume 3]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Part 1.3 - The reward of the upāsaka < [Section II.1 - Morality of the lay person or avadātavasana]
Act 7.4: Description of celestial flowers (divypuṣpa) < [Chapter XIV - Emission of rays]
Appendix 1 - Parable of the perfume of flowers (puṣpagandha) < [Chapter XXI - Discipline or Morality]
Society as depicted in the Chaturbhani (study) (by Mridusmita Bharadwaj)
Part 4.8 - Cosmetics in ancient India < [Chapter 4 - Critical assessment of the Society as depicted in the Caturbhāṇī]