In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

Paramādhārmika (परमाधार्मिक) refers to the “demons engaged in torturing souls in hell”, according to chapter 1.1 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—Accordingly, as Svayambuddha said to king Mahābala:—“[...] as long as saṃsāra lasts, is the ocean satisfied with the water of the rivers? [...] Those people lacking in dharma frequently become worms in manure, etc., and are crushed by the bills and feet of cocks, etc. Men devoid of dharma are tormented in hell by demons [viz., Paramādhārmika] with anger as if from enmity. Oh, alas for creatures without dharma who are like balls of tin in the flame of excitement of endless sin. [...]”.

Note: There are 15 divisions of [the Paramādhārmikas]. They are given in detail in Samavāyāṅgasūtra 15, p. 29f. See also commentary to Tattvārthādhigamasūtra 3.5. and to Uttarādhyayana 31.12.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Paramadhārmika (परमधार्मिक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Paramāhammiya.

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Adharmika, Parama.

Full-text: Paramahammiya, Divakara, Paramadharmi, Adharmika, Anu.

Relevant text

Search found 1 books and stories containing Paramadharmika, Parama-adharmika, Parama-adhārmika, Paramādhārmika, Paramadhārmika; (plurals include: Paramadharmikas, adharmikas, adhārmikas, Paramādhārmikas, Paramadhārmikas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)

Part 12: Sambhava’s kevala < [Chapter I - Sambhavajinacaritra]

Part 13: Sītā visits Lakṣmaṇa in hell < [Chapter X - Rāma’s mokṣa (emancipation)]

Part 11: Sermon on the four gatis: hell-inhabitants < [Chapter IV - Padmaprabhacaritra]

+ 6 more chapters / show preview