Parai, Parāī, Paṟai, Pārai, Pāṟai: 7 definitions
Introduction:
Parai means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (natya)Parai refers to a “kind of skinned percussion instrument”, as mentioned in the Cilappatikāram: an ancient epic authored by Ilango Adigal representing an important piece of Tamil literature.—The twelfth canto in Maturaikkāṇtam speaksof the veṭṭuva-vari. Vallikkūttu comes in veṭṭtuva-vari. The maravar dress a young girl as Koṟṟavai and make her dance, while they also dance. This dance was done amidst the sounds of parai (a kind of skinned percussion instrument), kulal (long flute), kompu (a kind of wind instrument), flute, and bronze bell by a girl dressed like Koṟṟavai. This was danced in order that the Pandya king would wear the veṭci garland for having defeated his enemies.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)1) Parai in India is the name of a plant defined with Centella asiatica in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Hydrocotyle pallida DC. (among others).
2) Parai in Philippines is also identified with Oryza sativa It has the synonym Oryza glutinosa Lour. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research (1985)
· Handbuch des Getreidebaus (1885)
· Journal of Cytology and Genetics (1988)
· Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. (1837)
· Aspects of Plant Sciences (1989)
· Cytologia (1992)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Parai, for example chemical composition, pregnancy safety, side effects, health benefits, diet and recipes, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryparāī (पराई).—f (parārdha S) A common term for the two portions which compose human life,--the advance to maturity and the decline into age. Ex. caḍhatī pa0 jāūna utaratī pa0 lāgalī.
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pāraī (पारई).—f A long iron bar ending in a point; a boring rod for stones; a bickern, a pitcher.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishparāī (पराई).—f A common term for the two por- tions which compose human life- the advance to maturity and the decline into age.
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pāraī (पारई).—f A long iron bar ending in a point.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary1) Parāi (पराइ) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Parāji.
2) Parāī (पराई) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Parakīyā.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Tamil dictionary
Source: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil LexiconParai (பரை) noun < parā.
1. See பார்வதி. [parvathi.] (மாறனலங்காரம் [maranalangaram] 665.)
2. Parā-śakti; சிவசத்தி. [sivasathi.] (சைவசமய நெறி பொது. [saivasamaya neri pothu.] 74, உரை. [urai.])
3. (Śaiva Philosophy) The state of individual soul in which it remains actionless enjoying grace from Śiva; சீவான்மா தன்செயலற்றுச் சிவபெருமானது அருள்பெற்று நிற்கும் நிலை. அந்தப் பரிபூரணமே பரையாய் [sivanma thanseyalarrus sivaperumanathu arulperru nirkum nilai. anthap paripuraname paraiyay] (ஒழிவிலொடுக்கம் பொதுவி. [ozhivilodukkam pothuvi.] 41).
4. An initiation. See நைட்டிகதீக்ஷை. [naittigathigshai.] (சிவஞானசித்தியார் சுபக்ஷம் [sivagnanasithiyar supagsham] 8, 5, ஞானப். [gnanap.])
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Parai (பரை) noun
1. Measure of capacity, See பறை³. [parai³.] (W.)
2. A cubic measure = 2 cub. ft. 544 cub. in.; 2 கன அடியும் [kananul adiyum] 544 கன அங்குலமுங் கொண்ட அளவு. [kananul angulamung konda alavu.] (M. M. 655.)
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Paṟai (பறை) [paṟaital] 4 transitive verb To speak, say; சொல்லுதல். ஏதம்பறைந் தல்லசெய்து [solluthal. ethambarain thallaseythu] (நாலாயிர திவ்யப்பிரபந்தம் திருவாய்மொழி [nalayira thivyappirapandam thiruvaymozhi] 4, 6, 8). — intransitive
1. To vanish, disappear; அழிதல். பரவுவாரவர் பாவம் பறையுமே [azhithal. paravuvaravar pavam paraiyume] (தேவாரம் [thevaram] 1213, 11).
2. To be wasted, worn out or impaired; தேய்தல். நெடுஞ்சுவர் பறைந்த கொட்டில் [theythal. nedunchuvar paraintha kottil] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: பெரும்பாணாற்றுப்படை [pathuppattu: perumbanarruppadai] 189).
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Paṟai (பறை) [paṟaittal] 11 transitive verb
1. To say, speak; சொல்லுதல். பொய்ப்பசி பறைத்திளைய கள்வன் [solluthal. poyppasi paraithilaiya kalvan] (தணிகைப்புராணம் களவு. [thanigaippuranam kalavu.] 135).
2. To remove, destroy; நீக்குதல். பாவம் பறைக்குற்றால் பறைக்க லாமே [nikkuthal. pavam paraikkurral paraikka lame] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 1434).
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Paṟai (பறை) noun < பறை¹-. [parai¹-.] [Malayalam: paṟa.]
1. Drum; முரசு. அறைபறை யன்னர் கயவர் [murasu. araiparai yannar kayavar] (திருக்குறள் [thirukkural], 1076).
2. The Paṟaiya caste, as drum-beaters; பறைச்சாதி. இவர் பறைச்சேரியிலேயிருந்து [paraichathi. ivar paraicheriyileyirunthu] (கோயிலொழுகு [koyilozhugu] 109).
3. Circle, ring; வட்டம். பறைக்கட் பீலித்தோகை [vattam. paraikkad pilithogai] (அகநா. [agana.] 15).
4. Word, saying, statement; சொல். (பிங்கலகண்டு) [sol. (pingalagandu)]
5. Desired object; விரும்பிய பொருள். இறைவாநீ தாராய்பறை [virumbiya porul. iraivani tharayparai] (நாலாயிர திவ்யப்பிரபந்தம் திருப்பாவை [nalayira thivyappirapandam thiruppavai] 28).
6. A measure of capacity; ஒரு முகத்தலளவை. அளக்கும் பறை முதலியன [oru mugathalalavai. alakkum parai muthaliyana] (சிலப்பதிகாரம் அரும்பதவுரை [silappathigaram arumbathavurai] 14, 208, அரும். [arum.]).
7. Ring round the mouth of a vessel; மரக்கால்முதலியவற்றின் வாய்ப் பட்டம். [marakkalmuthaliyavarrin vayp pattam.] (சிலப்பதிகாரம் அரும்பதவுரை [silappathigaram arumbathavurai] 14, 208, அரும். [arum.])
8. A dramatic composition; ஒரு பிரபந்தம். அவர் பாடின பள்ளும் பறையும் இசையிலே கேட்டருளும்படி [oru pirapantham. avar padina pallum paraiyum isaiyile kettarulumbadi] (கோயிலொழுகு [koyilozhugu] 109).
9. A masquerade dance; வரிக்கூத்துவகை. [varikkuthuvagai.] (சிலப்பதிகாரம் அரும்பதவுரை [silappathigaram arumbathavurai] 3, 13, உரை. [urai.])
10. Cave; குகை. [kugai.] (அரு. நி. [aru. ni.] 640.)
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Paṟai (பறை) noun < பற-. [para-.]
1. Flying; பறக்கை. துணைபறை நிவக்கும் புள்ளின மான [parakkai. thunaiparai nivakkum pullina mana] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: மலை [pathuppattu: malai] 55).
2. Wing, feather, plumage; இறகு. பைங்காற் கொக் கின் மென்பறைத்தொழுதி [iraguvamisam paingar kog kin menparaithozhuthi] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: நெடு [pathuppattu: nedu] 15).
3. Bird; பறவை. பல்பறைத்தொழுதி [paravai. palparaithozhuthi] (குறுந்தொகை [kurundogai] 175).
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Pārai (பாரை) noun [K. hāre, M. pāra. Travancore usage pāreṅgi.]
1. Crowbar; கடப்பாரை. பாரைக்கு நெக்குவிடாப் பாறை [kadapparai. paraikku nekkuvidap parai] (நல்வழி [nalvazhi], 33).
2. [Telugu: pāra.] Small hoe for cutting grass; புற்செதுக்குங் கருவி. [pursethukkung karuvi.] (W.)
3. A kind of missile; எறிபடைவகை. பாரை யின் றலைய [eripadaivagai. parai yin ralaiya] (கம்பராமாயணம் நாகபாச. [kambaramayanam nagapasa.] 110).
4. A plant; செடிவகை. உரிந்த பாரை [sedivagai. urintha parai] (கலிங்கத்துப்பரணி [kalingathupparani] 63).
5. Horse-mackerel, Caranx; மீன்வகை. பாரைச்சேல் மைப் பூகத் தேறி [minvagai. paraichel maip pugath theri] (தனிப்பாடற்றிரட்டு [thanippadarrirattu] i, 175, 33).
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Pāṟai (பாறை) noun [Malayalam: pāra.]
1. Rock, crag, ledge, stratum of stone or mineral fossil; பூமியிலுள்ள கருங்கற்றிரள். [pumiyilulla karungarriral.] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 118, உரை. [urai.])
2. Hillock, bank; சிறுதிட்டை. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [siruthittai. (pingalagandu)]
3. Horse-mackerel, Caranx; மீன்வகை. [minvagai.]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryParāi (पराइ):—adj. strange; unfamiliar; other; foreign; n. an unfamiliar person;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+10): Paraia, Paraicarru, Paraicceri, Paraidhita, Paraikkampu, Paraikkanam, Paraikkol, Paraikkolam, Paraikkommatti, Paraikkucci, Paraikkumpai, Paraikkuti, Paraikkuttati, Paraikkutumpu, Paraisu, Paraitattu, Paraittampattam, Paraittappattai, Paraittari, Paraittatar.
Full-text (+221): Vannarapparai, Parikhata, Paraidhita, Paraikkommatti, Kulipparai, Paraikkol, Paraikkucci, Ampattanparai, Ottakapparai, Kacamparai, Katapparai, Coliyapparai, Karparai, Culukupparai, Canipparai, Kilpparai, Cukkanparai, Cen-kanniparai, Karukkamparai, Paraiyuppu.
Relevant text
Search found 19 books and stories containing Parai, Paarai, Parāī, Pāraī, Parāi, Paṟai, Pārai, Pāṟai; (plurals include: Parais, Paarais, Parāīs, Pāraīs, Parāis, Paṟais, Pārais, Pāṟais). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Tirumantiram by Tirumular (English translation)
Verse 2909: Lord's Love is Supreme < [Tantra Nine (onpatam tantiram) (verses 2649-3047)]
Verse 2911: Lord is Hidden Deep Within < [Tantra Nine (onpatam tantiram) (verses 2649-3047)]
Verse 1984: Sun Circumambulates Sahasrara < [Tantra Seven (elam tantiram) (verses 1704-2121)]
Musical Instruments in Sanskrit Literature (by S. Karthick Raj KMoundinya)
Music tradition in Tamil-nadu < [Chapter 4 - A comparative study of the references to Musical Instruments]
Musical Instruments in Ancient Tamil Country < [Chapter 4 - A comparative study of the references to Musical Instruments]
Classification of Indian Musical instruments < [Chapter 2 - Origin and evolution of Music and Musical instruments]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 3.2.19 < [Chapter 2 - The Great Festival of Śrī Girirāja]
Brihat Jataka by Varahamihira [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Early Chola Temples (by S. R. Balasubrahmanyam)
Inscriptional References < [Chapter I - Parantaka I (Madirai-Konda Parakesari)]