Alternative spellings of this word include Paradhin.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Parādhīna (पराधीन) refers to “being subservient to (prakṛti)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.13 (“Śiva-Pārvatī dialogue”).—Accordingly, as Pārvatī said to Śiva: “[...] With my blessings you become qualitative and embodied. Without me, you are attributeless and incompetent to perform any activity. Being always subservient to [i.e., parādhīna] Prakṛti you perform all activities. Self-controlled, free from aberrations and untainted by me how can you perform them? If you are really superior to Prakṛti, if what you say is true, you need not be afraid to be near me, O Śiva”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (philosophy)

Parādhīna (पराधीन) refers to “dependent on another”, according to Somānanda’s Śivadṛṣṭi verse 3.42cd–47.—Accordingly, “Given that he [i.e., Śiva] exists of his own volition in the form of (all) the entities (that make up the universe), how is existence dependent on another (parādhīna) than himself? If, for example, you say it [i.e., the purported dependence] is one similar to (the example of curds, whose genesis depends on the) milk (of which they are comprised), it [i.e., the universe] would be insentient, dependent on another (parādhīna). The fault (attributed to our system) that must be corrected—being pure, being diminished, or the like—is precisely the result of this (wrong) point of view. [...]”.

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Parādhīna (पराधीन) refers to “(being) dependent” (on other things), according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Where is the body, which is filled with blood, flesh and fat, has a skeleton of slender bones, is bound with tendons and is of bad odour, praised? Continually pouring forth putrid smells through [its] nine orifices, the human body is ever perishable [and] dependent (parādhīna) on other [things]”.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

parādhīna : (adj.) dependent on others; be longing to others.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Parādhīna refers to: dependent on others D. I, 72 (=paresu adhīno parass’eva ruciyā pavattati DA. I, 212); J. VI, 99; ThA. 15 (°vuttika); VvA. 23 (°vutti, paresaṃ bhāraṃ vahanto).

Note: parādhīna is a Pali compound consisting of the words para and adhīna.

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

parādhīna (पराधीन).—a (S) Subject to another. Pr. pa0 jiṇēṃ āṇi pustakīṃ vidyā.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

parādhīna (पराधीन).—a Subject to another. Ex. प?B jiṇēṃ āṇi pustakī vidyā.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Parādhīna (पराधीन).—a. dependent on another, subject, subservient; अन्नमेषां पराधीनं देयं स्याद्भिन्नभाजने (annameṣāṃ parādhīnaṃ deyaṃ syādbhinnabhājane) Manusmṛti 1.54,83; H.1.119.

Parādhīna is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms para and adhīna (अधीन).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parādhīna (पराधीन).—mfn.

(-naḥ-nā-naṃ) Dependant, subject, subservient. E. para another, and adhīna humble, docile.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parādhīna (पराधीन).—[adjective] subject to another, dependent or intent upon, occupied with (—°); [abstract] tā [feminine]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Parādhīna (पराधीन):—[from para] mf(ā)n. = ra-vaśa, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] (ifc.) entirely engaged in or intent upon or devoted to, [Kādambarī; Rājataraṅgiṇī]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Parādhīna (पराधीन):—[parā+dhīna] (naḥ-nā-naṃ) a. Dependent.

[Sanskrit to German]

Paradhina in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Parādhīna (पराधीन) [Also spelled paradhin]:—(a) dependent; subject; subjugated; in bondage; ~[tā] dependence; bondage; subjection; subjugation; —[sapanehuṃ sukha nāhīṃ] bondage is the very antithesis of happiness, those who are in bondage know no happiness.

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Parādhīna (ಪರಾಧೀನ):—[adjective] depending on another for one’s sustenance; subject to a master; being arbitrarily controlled, ruled, directed by another.

--- OR ---

Parādhīna (ಪರಾಧೀನ):—

1) [noun] = ಪರಾಧೀನತೆ [paradhinate].

2) [noun] a man not having liberty to do, act on his own and is depending on another for everything.

3) [noun] transfer of the possession of one’s property to another.

4) [noun] a condition of a woman in which she is sexually roused by a man’s amorous acts.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Parādhīna (पराधीन):—adj. dependent upon others; defeated; subordinated;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Adhina, Para.

Starts with: Paradhina-vakya, Paradhinata, Paradhinate, Paradhinatva, Paradhinavritti, Paratinam, Paratinampannu.

Ends with: Aparadhina, Bhaktaparadhina.

Full-text: Paradhinata, Paradhinavritti, Aparadhina, Adhina, Paradhinatva, Paratinam, Paratatt, Paradhina-vakya, Apriyabhagin, Paraparigraha, Paradhin, Jada, Bhajana, Para, Vritti.

Relevant text

Search found 2 books and stories containing Paradhina, Para-adhina, Para-adhīna, Para-adhina, Para-adhīna, Parādhīna; (plurals include: Paradhinas, adhinas, adhīnas, Parādhīnas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)

Verse 10.54 < [Section VI - Other Functions of the Mixed Castes]

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Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)

Verse 8.13.129 < [Chapter 13 - A Thousand Names of Lord Balarāma]

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