Parada, Pārādā, Pārada, Pāradā, Parādā: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Parada means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Parad.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaPārada (पारद).—An ancient place of Bhārata. Those who resided there were called Pāradas. The descendants of these people live in north Baluchistan. Pāradas gave Dharmaputra many valuable presents. (Chapter 51, Sabhā Parva). They followed Bhīṣma. (Chapter 87, Bhīṣma Parva).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation1) Pārada (पारद) refers to “mercury”, representing the material of the Bāṇa’s liṅga, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.12, where the Devas and Viṣṇu requested Viśvakarman for liṅgas for the achievement of the desires of all people:—“[...] at our bidding Viśvakarmā made liṅgas and gave them to the devas according to their status. [...] the Goddess Brahmāṇī worships, of course, the Liṅga of Ratna (precious gem). Bāṇa and others worshipped a liṅga of mercury (Pārada-liṅga). [...] Thus different kinds of liṅgas were given to them by Viśvakarmā which the devas and the celestial sages worship regularly. After giving the devas the various liṅgas from a desire for their benefit, Viṣṇu explained the mode of worship of Śiva to me, Brahmā”.
2) Pārada (पारद) is also mentioned as the material for a Liṅga in one’s house (geha), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.13, while explaining the mode of worshipping Śiva:—“[...] after worshipping Śiva with sandal paste, saffron, incense, various lamps, and food-offerings of different sorts he shall bow down again. In the house the liṅga shall be made of clay, silver or any other metal or mercury (pārada). It shall be bowed to with devotion. If that is worshipped, all deities are worshipped. If the liṅga is made of clay it shall be installed duly”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Pārada (पारद).—A tribe of a northern kingdom.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 16. 48. Matsya-purāṇa 114. 41. Vāyu-purāṇa 47. 47, 58. 82; 88. 122; 98. 107.
1b) A kingdom of the east watered by the Ganges;1 noted for horses;2 defeated by Sagara;3 attacked by Bāhu;4 punished with shaving of hairs5 and allowed to have their beards; deprived of their Kṣatriya rights of Vedic study and sacrifice; became Mlecchas.6
- 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 18. 50; Matsya-purāṇa 121. 45; 144. 57.
- 2) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 31. 83; III. 48. 26, 29.
- 3) Ib. III. 73. 108; IV. 16. 16; Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 3. 42.
- 4) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 63. 120.
- 5) Ib. III. 63, 134. 139.
- 6) Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 3. 47-8.
Pārada (पारद) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. II.47.10, II.48.3, II.48.12, VI.83.7, VI.83.7) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Pārada) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Ancient Science of Life: Vaidyavallabha: An Authoritative Work on Ayurveda TherapeuticsPārada (पारद) refers to Mercury (whose toxic effects require treatment), and is dealt with in the 17th-century Vaidyavallabha written by Hastiruci.—The Vaidyavallabha is a work which deals with the treatment and useful for all 8 branches of Ayurveda. The text Vaidyavallabha has been designed based on the need (viz., pārada) of the period of the author, availability of drugs during that time, disease manifesting in that era, socio-economical-cultural-familial-spiritual-aspects of that period Vaidyavallabha.
Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of termsPārada (पारद):—Mercury
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) Pārada (पारद) refers to the “alchemical mercury”, according to Tantric texts such as the Kubjikāmata-tantra, the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “As long as Śambhu does not come into the world of mortals with all his being (sarvabhāva), bearing the form of the teacher, the Śāmbhava form of the “descent (of power)” does not take place. Just as my seed (vīrya), like (the alchemical) mercury (pārada), upon falling to the ground splits into (many) drops, similarly I wander around (in the world) in the form of the most excellent teachers. These teachers are born from my seed (vīrya). They are (my) sons (sūtaka). Purified, they achieve (the goal) by virtue of the fine condiment of the herb of devotion. [...]”.
2) Pārada (पारद) or Taptapārada refers to “heated mercury”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “[...] (5) Above it (in the throat) is the Pure (Wheel) (viśuddhaka), which is said to be white, shining like heated mercury [i.e., tapta-pārada-saṃprabha]. There, in the middle, is the lord, a mass of energy, the Supreme Syllable. One should think that it shines like the Moon, Sun and Fire. [...] (Perfect) contemplation (samādhi) is with (these) sixteen aspects and is (attained) within the form of the sixfold deposition (ṣoḍhānyāsa). He who knows this is (a veritable) Lord of Yogis, the others (who do not) are (just) quoting from books. Once attained the plane that is Void and Non-void, the yogi is freed from bondage”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
India history and geography
Source: Wisdom Library: India HistoryPāradā (पारदा) or Pārādā is the name of a river mentioned in two similair inscriptions sponsored by Uṣavadāta, the son-in-law of Nahapāna. According to the inscription, Uṣavadāta established free crossings at rivers such as Pāradā. He also established public watering-stations on both banks of these rivers. The first inscription is found at Karle (ancient Valūraka) and the other on the wall of a rock-cut cave at Nasik.
The Kṣaharātas called themselves kṣatrapas (originally referring to military governors of the Achaemenid empire) and established a small kingdom in modern Gujarat. In the middle of the first century, a ruler named Kṣaharāta Kṣatrapa Nahapāna obtained several Sātavāhana establishments which were later recaptured by Gautamīputra Śrī Sātakarṇi.
Source: archive.org: Geography in Ancient Indian inscriptionsPāradā (पारदा) is the name of a river found in India.—The river is the same as Paradi or Par in Surat.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarypārada : (m.) quick-silver.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryParada, (adj.) (for uparada (?)=uparata, pp. of upa+ ram) finding pleasure in, fond of, only in two (doubtful) cpds. viz. °vutta (unexplained, perhaps v for y, as daya› dava through influence of d in parada°; thus=parata+ yutta?) “fond of being prepared, ” adapted, apt, active, alert; only in one stock phrase (which points to this form as being archaic and probably popular etymology, thus distorting its real derivation), viz. appossukka pannaloma +Vin. II, 184 (Vin. Texts III, 232 trsl. “secure, ” cp. Vin. II, 363); M. I, 450; II, 121 (v. l. BB paradatta°), — and °samācāra living a good (active) life M. I, 469. (Page 420)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryparaḍa (परड).—m A creature of the serpent-tribe.
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pārada (पारद).—m S Quicksilver.
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pārada (पारद).—& pāradī Preferably pāradha & pāradhī.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishpārada (पारद).—m Quicksilver.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryParādā (परादा).—3 U. Ved.
1) To give or hand over, deliver.
2) To throw away, squander.
3) To give away or exchange for (with dat.).
4) To exclude from.
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Pārada (पारद).—quick-silver; पारदः पारतः सूतो हरबीजं रसश्चलः (pāradaḥ pārataḥ sūto harabījaṃ rasaścalaḥ) Abh. Chin.15; निदर्शनं पारदोऽत्र रसः (nidarśanaṃ pārado'tra rasaḥ) Bv.1.82; पारदं हरितालं च (pāradaṃ haritālaṃ ca) Śiva B.3.19; संसारस्य परं पारं दत्तेऽसौ पारदः स्मृतः (saṃsārasya paraṃ pāraṃ datte'sau pāradaḥ smṛtaḥ) Raseśvaradarśanam.
-dāḥ m. (pl.) Name of a barbarous tribe; see Manusmṛti 1.44; Mahābhārata (Bombay) 2.
Derivable forms: pāradaḥ (पारदः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPārada (पारद) or Pārata.—m.
(-taḥ or daḥ) Quicksilver. E. pāra fulness, (from pṝ to please,) and tan to spread or diffuse, aff. ḍa, also pārada.
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Pārada (पारद) or Pārata.—m.
(-daḥ or taḥ) Quicksilver. E. pāra as in pārata, and da what gives, from dā with ka aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPārada (पारद).—m. 1. Quicksilver (cf. pārata). 2. pl. The name of a people, the Parthians, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 10, 44.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPārada (पारद).—[masculine] = pārata.
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Parādā (परादा).—deliver, surrender, give up; exchange for ([dative]), barter.
Parādā is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms parā and dā (दा).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Parādā (परादा):—[=parā-dā] -√1. dā [Parasmaipada] -dadāti, ([perfect tense] -dadātha [Aorist] -dās, -dāt [often as [subjunctive]], -dur; [Vedic or Veda] [infinitive mood] -dai),
—to give up or over, deliver, throw away, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa];—give in exchange for, barter against ([dative case]), [Ṛg-veda viii, 1, 5];
—to exclude from, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
2) Pārada (पारद):—[=pāra-da] [from pāra] 1. pāra-da mf(ā)n. (for 2. See p.620) leading across ([compound]), [Siṃhāsana-dvātriṃśikā or vikramāditya-caritra, jaina recension]
3) 2. pārada m. (cf. pārata), quicksilver, [Varāha-mihira; Suśruta] (-tva n., [Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha])
4) m. Name of a [particular] personification, [Sāma-vidhāna-brāhmaṇa]
5) m. [plural] Name of a people or of a degraded tribe, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc. (cf. [Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams 229 n. 1]).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPārada (पारद):—(daḥ) 1. m. Quicksilver.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Pārada (पारद) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Pāraya.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Paradā (परदा) [Also spelled parda]:—(nm) a curtain; screen; veil; privacy; (ear) drum; surface (as [duniyā kā paradā); ~dāra] maintaining a veil (of secrecy); concealing (oneself) under a veil; ~[dārī] concealment of a secret; concealment of one’s failing; ~[naśīna] veiled, maintaining a veil; hence ~[naśīnī] (nf); —[uṭhānā/kholanā] to expose (a secret); to uncover, to unearth, to reveal, to remove the veil of secrecy; —[karanā] to observe a veil (said of a woman), to keep (oneself under) a veil; —[ḍālanā] to conceal; to veil; to ring down a curtain; —[paḍanā, āṃkha para] to be blinded, not to see the manifest; —[paḍanā, buddhi para] to act foolishly, to behave like a stupid fellow; ~[phāśa karanā] to expose, to lay bare, to unearth, to tear the veil of secrecy; ~[phāśa honā] to be exposed, to be laid bare, to be unearthed, the veil of secrecy to be torn; —[rakhanā, kisī kā] to save the honour of; not to let out somebody’s secret; to maintain a veil over somebody’s failing; —[rakhanā] to keep out of somebody’s sight; to keep on evading; [parade ke pīche] clandestine(ly), stealthily; [parade meṃ rakhanā] to keep behind a curtain; to keep under a veil; (for women) not to move out of the house, not to mix freely.
2) Pārada (पारद) [Also spelled parad]:—(nm) mercury.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusParaḍa (ಪರಡ):—[noun] = ಪರಡು [paradu]3.
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Parada (ಪರದ):—[noun] a man whose business is buying and selling of goods for profit; a trader; a merchant.
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Parada (ಪರದ):—[noun] = ಪರದೆ [parade].
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Paradā (ಪರದಾ):—[noun] = ಪರದೆ [parade].
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Pārada (ಪಾರದ):—[noun] 'a heavy, silver-white metallic chemical element, liquid at ordinary temperatures, used in thermometers, air pumps, electrical products, etc. and in dentistry; quicksilver: mercury (symbol, Hg).'
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Da, Para, Ta.
Starts with (+54): Para-taracakotaran, Para-tarakamanam, Paradabha, Paradabhasmakalpa, Paradada, Paradadi, Paradadu, Paradai, Paradaivata, Paradakalpa, Paradakke, Paradalinga, Paradana, Paradanda, Paradandaka, Paradara, Paradarabhigamana, Paradarabhimarsha, Paradarabhuj, Paradaradarika.
Ends with: Aradaparada, Churnaparada, Curnaparada, Karmaparada, Raktaparada, Saparada, Shuddhaparada, Taptaparada.
Full-text (+59): Curnaparada, Raktaparada, Parata, Ashtasamskara, Svedana, Rodhana, Niyamana, Patana, Murchana, Paradadi, Utthapana, Paradarshaka, Paratta, Paradarshana, Paraja, Paradatva, Mardana, Paradakalpa, Maharasa, Paradandaka.
Relevant text
Search found 33 books and stories containing Parada, Para-da, Parā-dā, Pāra-da, Pārādā, Pārada, Pāradā, Paraḍa, Parādā, Paradā; (plurals include: Paradas, das, dās, Pārādās, Pāradas, Pāradās, Paraḍas, Parādās, Paradās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Jivanandana of Anandaraya Makhin (Study) (by G. D. Jayalakshmi)
Rasa and Gandhaka—The Base of all Medicines < [Chapter 4 - Āyurvedic principles in Jīvanandana Nāṭaka]
List of Mahabharata tribes (by Laxman Burdak)
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Harivamsha Purana (by Manmatha Nath Dutt)
Chapter 14 - An Account of Sagara < [Book 1 - Harivamsa Parva]
Chapter 13 - The Story of Satyavrata (continued) < [Book 1 - Harivamsa Parva]
Historical Elements in the Matsya Purana (by Chaitali Kadia)
The River Gaṅgā or Ganges < [Chapter 4 - Geographical history in the Matsya-Purāṇa]
Table: Janapadas or State < [Chapter 4 - Geographical history in the Matsya-Purāṇa]
The concept of Bhāratavarṣa < [Chapter 4 - Geographical history in the Matsya-Purāṇa]
The Shiva Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 38 - From Satyavrata to Sagara < [Section 5 - Umā-Saṃhitā]
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