Panaka, Paṇaka, Pāṇaka, Pānaka: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Panaka means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)
Source: Shodhganga: Dietetics and culinary art in ancient and medieval IndiaPānaka (पानक) refers to “cool drinks”, according the 17th-century Bhojanakutūhala (dravyaguṇāguṇa-kathana), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—Pānaka are “cool drinks” which are prepared to expel the thirst. Here the properties and preparation of cool drinks like śarkarodaka, prapānaka, āmlikāphalapānaka, nimbuphalapānaka, dhānyakapānaka and takrapānaka are detailed.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Source: Google Books: Essentials of AyurvedaPānaka (पानक, “syrup”).—Decoction (of drug) added with sugar is again cooked on mild fire for some time till it thinly sticks to ladle but is in liquid form. This is pānaka.
Source: Academia.edu: Ayurveda and PharmaceuticsPānaka (beverage): Some fruits (mango, dates, berries, grapes, pomegranate etc.) which are half-ripened are added to 16 times of water. The fruits are kept overnight and rubbed so as to extract the juice and filtered. Sitā (sugar) and marīca (pepper) are added in required quantities. Elā (cardamom), lavaṅga (cloves), kēsara (saffron) can also be added for fragrance.
Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of termsPānaka (पानक):—Soft drinks prepared with fruit juices(grapes, dates and jujube), sugar and spices. It is guru and vistambhi
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: archive.org: Isvara Samhita Vol 5Pānaka (पानक) refers to a type of food preparation (the same as Rasāla but mixed with up with curds), used in oblation offerings, according to verse 25.157-158 of the 8th-century Īśvarasaṃhitā. Accordingly, “Pānaka is prepared with more curds, mixed up with equal quantity of water, crushed (grinded) pepper and scented with salt and powdered jaggery. It produces calmness and peace.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: Wisdom Library: Skanda-puranaPānaka (पानक) refers to a “mixture of water and treacle” and is mentioned in a list of charitable gifts that claim to help minimise the heat-effects of Vaiśākha, according to the Skandapurāṇa 2.7.3.—Accordingly, “[...] by giving Pānaka (mixture of water and treacle) in the evening in the month of Vaiśākha for alleviating fatigue, one shall be rid of all sins. He shall obtain Sāyujya with Viṣṇu. One should give Pānaka along with fruits in the evening in the month of Meṣa to a Brāhmaṇa. Thereby the Pitṛs shall have a drink of nectar undoubtedly. If anyone gives Pānaka mixed with fully ripe mango fruits in the month of Vaiśākha, all his sins shall certainly perish. If anyone gives a (big) pot full of Pānaka juice on the new-moon day in the month of Caitra, undoubtedly a hundred Gayāśrāddhas have been performed by him”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kama-shastra (the science of Love-making)
Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (kama)Pānaka (पानक) refers to “drinks”.—Cf. Pānakarasarāgāsavayojana which refers to “preparing juice and drinks”, representing one of the “sixty four kinds of Art”, according to the Kāmasūtra of Vātsyāyaṇa.—Indian tradition, basically includes sixty four Art forms are acknowledged. The references of sixty four kinds of kalā are found in the Bhāgavatapurāṇa, Śaiva-Tantras, Kāmasūtra of Vātsyāyaṇa etc.
Kamashastra (कामशास्त्र, kāmaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian science of love-making, passion, emotions and other related topics dealing with the pleasures of the senses.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Pānaka (पानक) refers to “syrups” (suitable for those fatigued with hunting), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “Hunting on horseback (āśvina) represents one of the eight subdivisions of Hunting (mṛgayā). [...] The very life and soul of sexual enjeyment are pride, the self-importance, and pleasure. Therefore for one fatigued with hunting are prescribed, the plaster of sandal paste and other things, the shampooing by the leaf-like soft hands of women, syrups (pānaka), the five elixirs of life, and fanning with palm-leaves. [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: Google Books: Jaina Yoga: A Survey of the Mediaeval ŚrāvakācārasPanaka is explained (by Hemacandra) as pañca-varṇolli.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryPāṇaka.—(Ep. Ind., Vol. XIV, p. 309), small quantity of a liquid; name of a measure. Note: pāṇaka is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Panaka in India is the name of a plant defined with Pterocarpus santalinus in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Lingoum santalinum (L.f.) Kuntze (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Selectarum Stirpium Americanarum Historia (1763)
· Supplementum Plantarum Systematis Vegetabilium Editionis Decimae Tertiae (1782)
· Flora de Filipinas (1837)
· Revisio Generum Plantarum (1891)
· Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2006)
· Pharmaceutical Biology (2007)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Panaka, for example extract dosage, pregnancy safety, chemical composition, side effects, health benefits, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarypāṇaka : (m.) an insect.
-- or --
pānaka : (nt.) a drink; syrup.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryPāṇaka, (adj. -n.) (usually —°) (fr. pāṇa) a living being, endowed with (the breath of) life S. IV, 198 (chap°); DhA. I, 20 (v. l. BB mata°); sap° with life, containing living creatures J. I, 198 (udaka); ap° without living beings, lifeless Vin. II, 216; M. I, 13, 243; S. I, 169; Sn. p. 15 (udaka); J. I, 67 (jhāna). (Page 451)
— or —
Paṇaka, see paṇṇaka. —paṇaka (comb) see phaṇaka. (Page 403)
— or —
Pānaka, (nt.) (fr. pāna) a drink J. II, 285; IV, 30; Dāvs. V, 2; DhA. III, 207 (amba°); VvA. 99, 291.—Der. pānakatta (abstr. nt.) being provided with drink J. V, 243 (a°). (Page 453)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPānaka (पानक).—A drink, beverage, potion.
Derivable forms: pānakam (पानकम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPānaka (पानक).—n. (kaṃ) A drink. E. pānārthaṃ kāyati-kai-ka .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPānaka (पानक).—[pāna + ka], m. and n. Beverage, Mahābhārata 15, 21.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPānaka (पानक).—[masculine] [neuter] drink, beverage, potion.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Panaka (पनक):—m. a kind of Arum, [Śīlāṅka]
2) Pānaka (पानक):—[from pā] mn. (ifc. f(ā). ) a draught, drink, beverage, potion, [Mahābhārata; Kathāsaritsāgara; Suśruta]
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Panaka (पनक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Paṇaga, Paṇaya, Pāṇaga, Pāṇaya.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPānaka (ಪಾನಕ):—[noun] a liquid extracted from certain fruits, added with sugar, essence, etc. for drinking purpose; a juice.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Panakala, Panakamte, Panakanda, Panakapada, Panakappati, Panakapucai, Panakapuje, Panakarasa, Panakarasaragasavayojana, Panakarasasavaragayojana, Panakarman, Panakatara, Panakatavikakkoti, Panakattu, Panakavalem.
Ends with (+31): Agghapanaka, Akshakshapanaka, Ambapanaka, Amlikaphalapanaka, Amraphalaprapanaka, Apanaka, Appanaka, Bhatta govardhana panaka, Cinipanaka, Curppanaka, Dhanyakapanaka, Dhanyapanaka, Guthapanaka, Itallepanaka, Kahapanaka, Karshapanaka, Khajjopanaka, Khampanaka, Kilapanaka, Kopanaka.
Full-text (+23): Paṇaya, Prapanaka, Panaga, Amlikaphala, Amlikaphalapanaka, Sharkarodaka, Nimbuphalapanaka, Dhanyapanaka, Panakarasaragasavayojana, Panakarasasavaragayojana, Takrapanaka, Suvannapanaka, Panakappati, Apanakatta, Bhatta govardhana panaka, Nimbukaphalapanaka, Guthakhadaka, Panakapuje, Apanaka, Dhanyakapanaka.
Relevant text
Search found 15 books and stories containing Panaka, Paṇaka, Pāṇaka, Pānaka; (plurals include: Panakas, Paṇakas, Pāṇakas, Pānakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.7.147 < [Chapter 7 - Pūrṇa (pinnacle of excellent devotees)]
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 3 - Charitable Gifts (Continued) < [Section 7 - Vaiśākhamāsa-māhātmya]
Chapter 11 - The Anecdote of King Kīrtimān < [Section 7 - Vaiśākhamāsa-māhātmya]
Chapter 206 - Procedure for Performing Śrāddha < [Section 1 - Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya]
Sushruta Samhita, Volume 6: Uttara-tantra (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Chapter XLVII - Symptoms and Treatment of Alcoholism (Panatyaya) < [Canto III - Kaya-chikitsa-tantra (internal medicine)]
Chapter XLVIII - Symptoms and Treatment of thirst (Trishna) < [Canto III - Kaya-chikitsa-tantra (internal medicine)]
Chapter LXIV - Rules of Health < [Canto V - Tantra-bhusana-adhyaya (embellishing chapters)]
The backdrop of the Srikanthacarita and the Mankhakosa (by Dhrubajit Sarma)
Part 3 - Food and drink (found in the Śrīkaṇṭhacarita) < [Chapter IV - Socio-cultural study of the Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]
Vinaya Pitaka (1): Bhikkhu-vibhanga (the analysis of Monks’ rules) (by I. B. Horner)
Vinaya Pitaka (3): Khandhaka (by I. B. Horner)
The story of the merchant of Rājagaha < [8. Robes (Cīvara)]