Pakhandin, Pākhaṇḍin, Pākhaṇḍī, Pakhandi: 10 definitions
Introduction:
Pakhandin means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationPākhaṇḍin (पाखण्डिन्) refers to “heretics”, a term used by Dakṣa before cursing Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.26. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] Seeing Śiva not bowing to him, my son became displeased. Dakṣa, the patriarch, was furious with Śiva. Haughty and devoid of perfect knowledge, Dakṣa looked cruelly at Śiva and spoke aloud within the hearing of all present. Dakṣa said:—‘[...] Heretics (pākhaṇḍin), wicked persons, who behave arrogantly on seeing a Brahmin and despise him are on a par with one another. Besides, this person is always engrossed in the love of his wife. Hence I am going to curse him’”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraPākhaṇḍin (पाखण्डिन्) (Cf. Pāṣaṇḍin?) refers to “heretics”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 5), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If the sun and moon should begin to be eclipsed when only half risen, deceitful men will suffer as well as sacrificial rites. If they should be eclipsed when in the first section of the firmament, those that live by fire and virtuous Brahmins will suffer as well as men belonging to one of the holy orders. If they should be eclipsed when in the second section of the firmament, agriculturists, heretics [i.e., pākhaṇḍin], merchants, the Kṣatriyas and commanders of the army will suffer. If when in the third section, artisans, the Śūdras, the Mlecchas and ministers will suffer”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): (shaktism)Pākhaṇḍin (पाखण्डिन्) refers to the “Pāṣaṇḍas”, according to the 17th century Kaulagajamardana (“crushing the Kaula elephant”) authored by Kāśīnātha or Kṛṣṇānandācala.—Accordingly, [as Īśvara said to Pārvatī]: “Listen, O Pārvatī, I shall give a critique of the Pāṣaṇḍas. Knowing this, a wise man is not defeated by them. [...] He who wears ash from the cremation ground and delights in wine and flesh; he who performs such [rites] as bathing and the junctures for [mere] worldly rewards; and he who is the vilest [of them all,] having become a hater of Viṣṇu, destroys everything; [all of them] are called Pāṣaṇḍas (pākhaṇḍin). [Now,] my dear, hear about the Kāpālika. [...]”
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraPākhaṇḍin (पाखण्डिन्, “heretics”) includes “any one of another faith”, as mentioned in chapter 1.1 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly, as Mahāmati exposed the doctrine of Māyā to king Mahābala (i.e., previous incarnation of Ṛṣabha):—
“Just as the jackal left meat, and ran after a fish on the bank, and the fish got in the water and a vulture got the meat, exactly so those men are deceived and deprive themselves of both, who abandon pleasures of this world and run after those of the next world. After they have heard the false teaching of heretics (Pākhaṇḍin), fearing hell, they foolishly torment their own bodies, alas! by vows, etc”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English DictionaryPākhaṇḍī (पाखण्डी).—a (S) Heterodox, heretic, opposing the Vedas--a person or a tenet. 2 Applied fig. to a forger of injurious stories; and to an impostor or pretender.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-EnglishPākhaṇḍī (पाखण्डी).—a Heterodox, heretic; fig. a forger of injurious stories; also an impostor or pretender.
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pākhāṇḍī (पाखांडी).—a Heterodox, heretic; fig. a forger of injurious stories; also an impostor or pretender.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPākhaṃḍī (पाखंडी) [Also spelled pakhandi]:—(a) hypocritical, pretentious, sham, dissimulating; (nm) a hypocrite, dissimulator.
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPakhandi in Hindi refers in English to:—(a) hypocritical, pretentious, sham, dissimulating; (nm) a hypocrite, dissimulator..—pakhandi (पाखंडी) is alternatively transliterated as Pākhaṃḍī.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPākhaṃḍi (ಪಾಖಂಡಿ):—[noun] = ಪಾಖಂಡ - [pakhamda -] 1.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryPākhaṇḍī (पाखण्डी):—adj. heretical policy;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Full-text: Pakhanda, Pashandin, Pashanda, Haituka, Ri, Bhrigu.
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