Padmaka; 10 Definition(s)
Introduction
Padmaka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Vastushastra (architecture)
1) Padmaka (पद्मक):—One of the eight types of villages, according to Chapter 9 of the Mānasāra (called the grāmalakṣaṇam). The Mānasāra is one of the traditional authorative Hindu treatises on Vāstuśāstra (science of architecture). The form of this village is said to be tattadrūpeṇa, which means it represents the form of the meaning of its Sanskrit name.
2) Padmaka (पद्मक):—The Sanskrit name for a classification of a ‘temple’, according to the Viśvakarmaprakāśa and the 2nd century Matsyapurāṇa, both featuring a list of 20 temple types. In the Matsyapurāṇa however, the name for this temple category is Padma. This list represents the classification of temples in South-India.
Padmaka is found in another list in the Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra, chapter 63, where it is listed in the group named Nāgara, containing 20 different prāsādas (temples/buildings).
Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstra
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Padmaka (पद्मक ) is a Sanskrit word referring to “Bird cherry”, a small tree from the Rosaceae family, and is used throughout Āyurvedic literature such as the Caraka-saṃhitā. It is also known as Padmagandhi. Its official botanical name is Prunus cerasoides, Prunus puddum or Prunus majestica. It typically grows south of the Arctic Circle. The word Padmaka also translates to “red spots (on the skin of an elephant)”.
This plant (Padmaka) is also mentioned as a medicine used for the treatment of all major fevers (jvara), as described in the Jvaracikitsā (or “the treatment of fever”) which forms the first chapter of the Sanskrit work called Mādhavacikitsā. In this work, the plant is also known by the name Paṭha.
Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botanyPadmaka (पद्मक).—The Sanskrit name for an important Āyurvedic drug.—The wood of Padmaka is bitter, astringent, cold and eliminates disorders of kapha, pitta and blood. It is useful in skin diseases, thirst, burning sensation and raktapitta.
Source: Google Books: Essentials of Ayurveda
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Padmaka (पद्मक).—A palace with three bhūmikas and sixteen sides;1 also Śrivṛkṣaka; the toraṇa is of 20 hastas.2
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Padmaka (पद्मक) is the name of an ancient king mentioned in various Avadānas and Jātakas, according to a note attached to the Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 51.
According to the Avadānaśataka: “King Padmaka gave up his body and became the red fish.—In olden times, the Bodhisattva was Padmaka, king of Benares. An autumnal epidemic, the yellow sickness (pāṇduroga), broke out in the city. The king himself began to take care of his subjects, but all remedies were in vain. The doctors advised him to capture the fish called Rohita to cure the sickness but no one succeeded in capturing it”.
According to the Khotanese Jātakastava: “As King Padmaka, you saw the people in distress, ill with hunger, without refuge, troubled. A red fish you became like a mountain of flesh. The people ate you; they became quite well”.
Other sources include the Bodhisattvāvadānakalpalatā (Padmakāvdāna) and Daridrajātaka.
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Padmaka (पद्मक) is the name of a Vīra (hero) who, together with the Ḍākinī named Padminī forms one of the 36 pairs situated in the Jñānacakra, according to the 10th century Ḍākārṇava chapter 15. Accordingly, the jñānacakra refers to one of the three divisions of the saṃbhoga-puṭa (‘enjoyment layer’), situated in the Herukamaṇḍala. The 36 pairs of Ḍākinīs and Vīras [viz., Padmaka] are white in color; the shapes of their faces are in accordance with their names; they have four arms; they hold a skull bowl, a skull staff, a small drum, and a knife.
Source: academia.edu: The Structure and Meanings of the Heruka Maṇḍala
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Padmaka, (m. & nt.) (Sk. padmaka) N. of a tree, Costus speciosus or arabicus J. V, 405, 420; VI, 497 (reading uncertain), 537. (Page 411)
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit-English dictionary
Padmaka (पद्मक).—
1) An army arrayed in the form of a lotusflower.
2) The coloured spots on the trunk and face of an elephant.
3) A particular posture in sitting.
4) A kind of wood (of Cerasus Puddum); Rām. 2.76.16; Mb.4.
5) Name of a particular constellation.
Derivable forms: padmakam (पद्मकम्).
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPadmaka (पद्मक).—n. of a king (the Bodhisattva): Av i.169.6 ff.
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Padmakā (पद्मका).—n. of a (medicinal) plant (probably = padmā, Suśr., BR): MSV i.iii.8.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryPadmaka (पद्मक).—n.
(-kaṃ) 1. Coloured marks or spots on the face and trunk of an elephant. 2. A sort of drug, commonly called padmakāṣṭha, 3. A kind of leprosy. 4. An army arrayed in the form of a lotus-flower. E. kan added to the preceding.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionarySanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family. Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Relevant definitions
Starts with: Padmakabala, Padmakalika, Padmakalpa, Padmakanta, Padmakara, Padmakaramati, Padmakarnika, Padmakashtha.
Ends with: Alapadmaka, Lomapadmaka, Paripadmaka.
Full-text: Guducyadi, Shrivrikshaka, Kakolyadi, Padmakin, Patranga, Sarivadi, Nagara, Amritadikvatha, Padmini, Prasada, Jnanacakra, Padma, Patha.
Relevant text
Search found 11 books and stories containing Padmaka, Padmakā; (plurals include: Padmakas, Padmakās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Jātaka of the red fish < [Part 2 - Hearing the twelve-membered speech of the Buddha]
Sushruta Samhita, Volume 5: Kalpasthana (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Chapter VII - Description and preparation medicated drums
Chapter VIII - The medical treatment of insect bites
Sushruta Samhita, Volume 6: Uttara-tantra (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Chapter XXX - Treatment of an attack by Shakuni-graha < [Canto II - Kaumarabhritya-tantra (pediatrics, gynecology and pregnancy)]
Chapter X - Treatment of Pittaja Ophthalmia < [Canto I - Shalakya-tantra (ears, eyes, nose, mouth and throat)]
Chapter XLVII - Symptoms and Treatment of Alcoholism (Panatyaya) < [Canto III - Kaya-chikitsa-tantra (internal medicine)]
Brihat Samhita (by N. Chidambaram Iyer)
Sushruta Samhita, volume 1: Sutrasthana (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Sushruta Samhita, volume 4: Cikitsasthana (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)