Nirveda, Nir-veda: 21 definitions
Introduction:
Nirveda means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Nirved.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstraNirveda (निर्वेद, “discouragement”).—One of the thirty-three ‘transitory states’ (vyabhicāribhāva), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 7. These ‘transitory states’ accompany the ‘permanent state’ in co-operation. The term is used throughout nāṭyaśāstra literature. (Also see the Daśarūpa 4.8-9)
Source: archive.org: Natya ShastraNirveda (निर्वेद, “despondency”) is caused by determinants (vibhāva) such as, being reduced to poverty, getting insulted, abusive language, anger, beating, loss of beloved persons, and the knowledge of the ultimate (lit. essential) truth and the like. It is to be represented on the stage by determinants such as weeping, sighing, deep breathing, deliberation and the like, on the part of women, and of persons of the inferior type.
Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (natya)Nirveda (निर्वेद) is the sthāyībhāva (“durable psychological state”) associated with Śānta or the “quiet sentiment”, which represents one of the nine kinds of Rasa (“soul of Drama”), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.— Śama is the sthāyibhāva of śānta-rasa. According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, the colour of śānta-rasa is recognized as svabhāvavarṇa i.e., natural colour. Paraḥ purūṣa is regarded as the god of this sentiment. [...] The Sāhityadarpaṇa mentions the eight sentiments together and states the existence of the śāntarasa separately. The reason may be that drama is all about acting, performing and expressing. But in the delineation of śāntarasa it is impossible to express or perform something, because here nirveda is the sthāyībhāva. The durable psychological state of śāntarasa happens to be nirveda or vairāgya which goes against motion, emotion, action etc. It is clearly perceived by Mammaṭa and he expresses this situation in his work clearly.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Kavyashastra (science of poetry)
Source: Shodhganga: Bhismacaritam a critical studyNirveda (निर्वेद) refers to one of the different Bhāvas employed in the Bhīṣmacarita (Bhishma Charitra) which is a mahākāvya (‘epic poem’) written by Hari Narayan Dikshit.— The example of nirveda-bhāva is XII.4.—Here we can observe the sense of detachment arose in the mind of King Śāntanu from his beloved wife Satyavatī, his sons and not even in the worldly objects. This is because of his old age and it indicates his time for death. Thus the sense of nirveda is depicted in the present example.
Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)
Source: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha ChikitsaNirveda (निर्वेद) refers to “numbness” (in te knees) and is a symptom caused by snake-bites (such as the Romamaṇḍalī-snakes), according to the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā—an important topic from Āyurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Viṣavidyā or Sarpavidyā).—Accordingly, the symptoms are described as follows: “Itching sensation. Diminishing vision, pungent taste in the tongue, numbness (nirveda) in te knees, severe cold, high temperature and red complexion, heat in the region of the heart (High BP or cardiac arrest?) and falling of hair”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraNirveda (निर्वेद) refers to the “disgust” which the Buddha experienced according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter VII).—“Then the Bodhisattva grew up gradually and, having seen an old man, a sick man, he experienced disgust (nirveda) for worldly things. At midnight, he left his home (abhiniṣkramaṇa) and practiced asceticism (duṣkaracarya) for six years”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: Jaina YogaNirveda (निर्वेद, “disgust”) refers to an aspect of samyaktva (right belief) classified under the liṅga and guṇa heading, according to various Jain authors (e.g., Cāmuṇḍarāya, Amitagati and Vasunandin). Nirveda is the loathing induced in a man of right faith by contact with the world and its miseries: he will have known the world and found it evil. But, continues Hemacandra (Yogaśāstra verse 2.15), others hold saṃvega to mean disgust with mundane existence and nirveda desire for final release. Amitagati, in his Śrāvakācāra verse 2.74, understands by nirveda the distaste for sensual pleasures.
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraNirveda (निर्वेद) refers to “disgust with the world” and represents one of the five Lakṣaṇas (“characteristics”), according to chapter 1.1 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—Accordingly, “[...] Vajranābha acquired strong Tirthakṛt-body-making and family-karma by the twenty sthānakas as follows:—[...] The ninth [sthānaka] is right-belief, free from the faults of doubt, etc., adorned with the qualities of firmness, etc., characterized by tranquillity, etc. [viz., nirveda-lakṣaṇa] [...]”.
Note: The characteristics (lakṣaṇa) are: tranquillity (śama); desire for emancipation (saṃvega); disgust with the world (nirveda); compassion (anukampa); faith in the principles of truth (āstikya).—(cf. Yogaśāstra 2.15.)
Nirveda (“disgust with existence”) as one of the five characteristics of Saṃyagdarśana (“right-belief”), is also mentioned in chapter 1.3 in Ṛṣabha’s sermon:—
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections“[...] mokṣa is attained by those who practice unceasingly the brilliant triad of knowledge, faith, and conduct. Attachment to the principles told by the scriptures is called ‘right-belief’ (saṃyakśraddhāna or saṃyagdarśana), and is produced by intuition or instruction of a Guru. [...] Right-belief is marked by five characteristics: equanimity, desire for emancipation, disgust with existence, compassion, belief in principles of truth. This thought of the one desiring emancipation, ‘dwelling in saṃsāra is like a prison; relatives are like bonds’, is called disgust with existence (nirveda)”.
Nirveda (निर्वेद) refers to the “non-attachment”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Capable soul, having found the supreme path to non-attachment (nirveda-padavī—parām āsādya nirvedapadavīṃ), you must practise the twenty-five observances for the purpose of the removal of error [in observing] the great vows”.
Synonyms: Vairāgya.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarynirvēda (निर्वेद).—m S Disgust, loathing, nausea.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryNirveda (निर्वेद).—
1) Disgust, loathing.
2) Satiety, cloy.
3) Depression of spirits, despair, despondency; निर्वेदो नात्र कर्तव्यः (nirvedo nātra kartavyaḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 3.32.5; परिभवान्निर्वेदमापद्यते (paribhavānnirvedamāpadyate) Mṛcchakaṭika 1.14.
4) Humiliation.
5) Grief.
6) Complete indifference to wordly objects; तदा गन्तासि निर्वेदं श्रोतव्यस्य श्रुतस्य च (tadā gantāsi nirvedaṃ śrotavyasya śrutasya ca) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 2.52 (regarded as the feeling which gives rise to the sentiment called śānta (quietude); निर्वेदस्थायिभावोऽस्ति शान्तोऽपि नवमो रसः (nirvedasthāyibhāvo'sti śānto'pi navamo rasaḥ) K. P.4; (see R. G. under nirveda).
7) Self-disparagement or humiliation (regarded as one of the 33 subordinate feelings); cf. the definition in R. G. under निर्वेद (nirveda); (the following is there given as an instance; yadi lakṣmaṇa sā mṛgekṣaṇā na madīkṣāsaraṇiṃ sameṣyati | amunā jaḍajīvitena me jagatā vā viphalena kiṃ phalam ||).
8) Shame.
Derivable forms: nirvedaḥ (निर्वेदः).
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Nirveda (निर्वेद).—a. not acknowledging the Vedas, an atheist, infidel.
Nirveda is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms nir and veda (वेद).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryNirveda (निर्वेद).—mfn.
(-daḥ-dā-daṃ) Not having the Vedas, infidel, unscriptural. m.
(-daḥ) 1. Humility, self-Humiliation. 2. Being neglected or disregarded by others. 3. Indifference, disregard of worldly objects. E. nir depreciative particle, vid to know, affix bhāve ghañ, or nir neg. veda the Vedas.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryNirveda (निर्वेद).—i. e. nis-vid + a, m. 1. Disgust, Mahābhārata 11, 144. 2. Loathsomeness, [Pañcatantra] ed. orn. 63, 21. 3. Self-disparagement, humility, Sāh. D. 64, 8. 4. Indifference, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 1, 13, 25. 5. Desperation, [Rāmāyaṇa] 1, 55, 10.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryNirveda (निर्वेद).—[masculine] despondency, despair, indifference; disgust for, aversion to ([locative], [genetive], or —°); poss. vant.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Nirveda (निर्वेद):—[=nir-veda] [from nir > niḥ] 1. nir-veda mfn. not having the Vedas, infidel, unscriptural, [Horace H. Wilson]
2) [=nir-veda] [from nir-vid] 2. nir-veda m. (for 1. See p. 542, col. 3) idem, complete indifference, disregard of worldly objects, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Upaniṣad; Mahābhārata] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] loathing, disgust for ([locative case] [genitive case] or [compound]), [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.
4) [=nir-veda] a 1. and 2. nir-veda. See p. 542, col. 2, and nir-vid.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryNirveda (निर्वेद):—[nir-veda] (daḥ) 1. m. Humility; experience of neglect; indifference.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Nirveda (निर्वेद) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Ṇivvea.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryNirveda (निर्वेद) [Also spelled nirved]:—(nm) disregard of worldly objects, resignation.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusNirvēda (ನಿರ್ವೇದ):—
1) [noun] = ನಿರ್ವೇಗ - [nirvega -] 2 & 3.
2) [noun] keen mental suffering or distress over affliction or loss; sharp sorrow; painful regret.
3) [noun] (poet.) the sentiment of dejection in oneself caused by deep study of philosophy, jealousy, inescapable danger or misfortune;, etc.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Nir, Veda, Veta.
Starts with: Nirvedacitta, Nirvedaduhsaham, Nirvedamgol, Nirvedana, Nirvedani, Nirvedapadavi, Nirvedavadin, Nirvedavant, Nirvedavat.
Ends with: Anirveda, Atyantanirveda, Bhartriharinirveda, Jatanirveda, Lokanirveda, Rupanirveda, Samjatanirveda, Sanirveda.
Full-text (+13): Nivvea, Anirveda, Nirvedavant, Samjatanirveda, Sanirvedam, Vyabhicaribhava, Nirvedavat, Nirvedaduhsaham, Nirvedavadin, Nirvid, Sthayibhava, Vagya, Sanirveda, Vyabhicarin, Vairagya, Padavi, Shantarasa, Santa, Atyanta, Rasadosha.
Relevant text
Search found 23 books and stories containing Nirveda, Nirvēda, Nir-veda; (plurals include: Nirvedas, Nirvēdas, vedas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 4.42 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Text 4.40 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Text 4.41 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 2.52 < [Chapter 2 - Sāṅkhya-yoga (Yoga through distinguishing the Soul from the Body)]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 2.4.7 < [Part 4 - Transient Ecstatic Disturbances (vyābhicāri-bhāva)]
Verse 2.4.13 < [Part 4 - Transient Ecstatic Disturbances (vyābhicāri-bhāva)]
Verse 2.4.212 < [Part 4 - Transient Ecstatic Disturbances (vyābhicāri-bhāva)]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.1.157 < [Chapter 1 - Vairāgya (renunciation)]
Verse 2.1.29 < [Chapter 1 - Vairāgya (renunciation)]
The backdrop of the Srikanthacarita and the Mankhakosa (by Dhrubajit Sarma)
Part 2i - Rasa (9): Śānta or the sentiment of tranquility < [Chapter III - Literary Assessment Of The Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]