Nirgundi, Nirguṇḍī, Nirgumdi: 18 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
Biology
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Kannada
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Introduction:

Nirgundi means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-śāstra

Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी):—One of the sixty-seven Mahauṣadhi, as per Rasaśāstra texts (rasa literature). These drugs are useful for processing mercury (rasa), such as the alchemical processes known as sūta-bandhana and māraṇa.

Source: Ancient Science of Life: A Metallurgical Study of Nāga Bhasma

Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी) refers to the medicinal plant known as Vitex Negundo Linn. and is used is in the metallurgical process for creating nāgabhasma, (Śodhana step):—Raw nāga (crude Lead-600 g) was subjected to śodhana by melting and pouring into a container of cūrṇodaka (lime water, strength 4.3 g/l) seven times. This śodhita-nāga (590 g) was again subjected to viśeṣa-śodhana (unique purification process specific to the metal) by following the above procedure and pouring into a mixture (decoction strength 250 g/l) of Nirguṇḍī (Vitex Negundo Linn.) svarasa and Haridrā (Curcuma Longa Linn.) cūrṇa for seven times. [...]

context information

Rasashastra (रसशास्त्र, rasaśāstra) is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botany

1) Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी) is a Sanskrit word referring to Vitex negundo, a large shrub from the Lamiaceae (mint) family of flowering plants. It is used throughout Ayurvedic literature such as the Caraka-saṃhitā and the Suśruta-saṃhitā. In English, the plant is known as “horseshoe vitex” or “Chinese chastetree”, among others. Two varieties are recognized: one with pale blue flowers (Śvetapuṣpī), and the other with blue flowers (Puṣpanāṭika (?)). Among the Tamils, one of these plants is supposed to be male and the other female, and for this reason they are usually combined together in their prescriptions. In the Nighantas, Nirguṇḍī is described as cephalic, pungent, astringent, bitter and light; a remedy for colic, swellings, rheumatism, worms, leprosy, dyspepsia, phlegm and boils.

Nirguṇḍī is classified as a synonym for Sinduvāra by Amarasiṃha in his Amarakośa (a Sanskrit botanical thesaurus from the 4^th century). It can also be spelled as Nirguṇṭī.

This plant (Nirguṇḍī) is also mentioned as a medicine used for the treatment of all major fevers (jvara), as described in the Jvaracikitsā (or “the treatment of fever”) which forms the first chapter of the Sanskrit work called Mādhavacikitsā.

2) Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी) is another name for Śephālikā (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis “night-flowering jasmine”), from the Apocynaceae family. The term is used throughout Ayurvedic literature such as the Carakasaṃhitā. This synonym was identified by Amarasiṃha in his Amarakośa (a Sanskrit botanical thesaurus from the 4^th century).

Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Nirgundi [निर्गुंडी] in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Vitex negundo L. from the Verbenaceae (Verbena) family. For the possible medicinal usage of nirgundi, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

Nirgundi [निर्गुंडी] in the Marathi language is the name of a plant identified with Vitex trifolia L. from the Verbenaceae (Verbena) family.

Source: Google Books: Essentials of Ayurveda

Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी).—The Sanskrit name for an important Ayurvedic drug combination.—Nirguṇḍī is pungent, bitter, hot, pacifies kapha and vāta and destroys worms. Its leaf-juice is useful in kuṣṭha, oedema and āmavāta (theumatoid arthritis).

Source: archive.org: Science And Technology In Medievel India (Ayurveda)

Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी) or Nirguṇḍīkalpa refers to Kalpa (medicinal preparation) described in the Auṣadhikalpa, as mentioned in A. Rahman’s Science and Technology in Medievel India: A bibliography of source materials in Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian.—Ancient and medieval India produced a wide range of scientific manuscripts and major contributions lie in the field of medicine, astronomy and mathematics, besides covering encyclopedic glossaries and technical dictionaries.—The Auṣadhikalpa is a medical work of the type of Materia Medica giving twenty-six medical preparations [e.g., Nirguṇḍī-kalpa] to be used as patent medicines against various diseases.

Source: Shodhganga: Edition translation and critical study of yogasarasamgraha

Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी) refers to the medicinal plant known as “Vitex negundo Linn.” and is dealt with in the 15th-century Yogasārasaṅgraha (Yogasara-saṅgraha) by Vāsudeva: an unpublished Keralite work representing an Ayurvedic compendium of medicinal recipes. The Yogasārasaṃgraha [mentioning nirguṇḍī] deals with entire recipes in the route of administration, and thus deals with the knowledge of pharmacy (bhaiṣajya-kalpanā) which is a branch of pharmacology (dravyaguṇa).

Source: WorldCat: Rāj nighaṇṭu

1) Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी) is another name for Nīlanirguṇḍī, the blue variety of Sinduvāra, a medicinal plant identified with Vitex negundo Linn. (or ‘chaste tree’) from the Lamiaceae or “mint” family of flowering plants, according to verse 4.153-154 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The fourth chapter (śatāhvādi-varga) of this book enumerates eighty varieties of small plants (pṛthu-kṣupa). Together with the names Nirguṇḍī and Nīlanirguṇḍī, there are a total of eight Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.

2) Nirgundi in the Marathi language is the synonym name for Sinduvāra itself, according to verse 4.151-152. Other than the Marathi word Nirgundi, there are more synonyms identified for this plant among which eighteen are in Sanskrit.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी) is the name of a plant which is used in the worship of Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.14:—“[...] with Nirguṇḍī flowers (kusuma), his mind becomes pure (nirmalatā) in the world. A hundred thousand Bilva leaves used for worship will secure the fulfilment of all desires (sarvakāma). [...] Karavīra flowers measure three times that. Scholars say that the flowers of Nirguṇḍī too measure likewise. In Karṇikāra and Śirīṣa flowers too, the same mode of calculation holds good. Ten prasthas of Bandhujīva flowers constitute a hundred thousand. [...] The devotee shall perform the worship of Śiva with different flowers after considering these modes of calculation for the fulfilment of desires if he has any or for the sake of salvation if he has no desire”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

1) Nirgundi in India is the name of a plant defined with Alectra parasitica in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices.

2) Nirgundi is also identified with Justicia gendarussa It has the synonym Ecbolium gendarussa Kuntze (etc.).

3) Nirgundi is also identified with Vitex negundo It has the synonym Agnus-castus negundo (L.) Carrière (etc.).

4) Nirgundi is also identified with Vitex trifolia It has the synonym Vitex integerrima (L.) Mill. (etc.).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Economic Botany (1967)
· Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. (Bolivia) Com. (1990)
· Acta Horti Gothoburgensis (1934)
· The Verbenaceae of the Malayan Archipelago (1919)
· Journal of Cytology and Genetics (1983)
· Taxon (1980)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Nirgundi, for example chemical composition, health benefits, pregnancy safety, side effects, extract dosage, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

nirguṇḍī (निर्गुंडी).—f S pop. nirguṇḍa f or nirgūḍa f or nirguḍī f A shrub, Vitex negundo or trifolia. It is distinguished into kātarī nirguḍī & sādī nirguḍī. The leaves are used in fumigations.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

nirguṇḍī (निर्गुंडी).—f nirguṇḍa f nirgūḍa f or nirguḍī f A shrub, vitex negundo or trifolia.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी):—nirguRqI a f. ([Suśruta]) Vitex Negundo

2) Nirguṇḍi (निर्गुण्डि):—f. ([Suśruta]) Vitex Negundo

3) Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी):—nirguRqI b f. the root of a lotus, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी):—(ṇḍī) 3. f. A shrub, Vitex negundo; root of the lotus.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Nirguṇḍī (निर्गुण्डी) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Ṇigguṃḍī.

[Sanskrit to German]

Nirgundi in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Nirguṃḍi (ನಿರ್ಗುಂಡಿ):—[noun] the tree Vitex negundo of Verbenaceae family.

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Nirguṃḍi (ನಿರ್ಗುಂಡಿ):—[noun] a particular custom followed by jaina mendicants.

--- OR ---

Nīrguṃḍi (ನೀರ್ಗುಂಡಿ):—[noun] a pit or depression where water is stagnated.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 17 books and stories containing Nirgundi, Nirguṇḍī, Nirguṇḍi, Nirgumdi, Nirguṃḍi, Nīrguṃḍi, Nīrguṇḍi; (plurals include: Nirgundis, Nirguṇḍīs, Nirguṇḍis, Nirgumdis, Nirguṃḍis, Nīrguṃḍis, Nīrguṇḍis). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Part 2 - Purification of Lead < [Chapter VII - Metals (7): Sisaka (lead)]

Part 2 - Purification of copper < [Chapter III - Metals (3): Tamra (copper)]

Part 2 - Purification of tin < [Chapter VI - Metals (6): Vanga (tin)]

+ 11 more chapters / show preview

Chapter 14 - Directions for the worship of Śiva < [Section 2.1 - Rudra-saṃhitā (1): Sṛśṭi-khaṇḍa]

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Part 6: Kunthu’s initiation < [Chapter I - Śrī Kunthusvāmicaritra]

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Treatment for fever (138): Svachchhanda-nayaka rasa < [Chapter II - Fever (jvara)]

Treatment for fever (72): Sannipata-kuthara rasa < [Chapter II - Fever (jvara)]

Part 15 - Treatment for indigestion (13): Panchamrita rasa < [Chapter IV - Irregularity of the digesting heat]

+ 44 more chapters / show preview