Nija: 23 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Ayurveda
2. Purana
3. Vastushastra
4. Yoga
In Jainism
1. General definition
Languages
1. Pali
2. Marathi
3. Sanskrit
4. Hindi
5. Kannada
6. Nepali
See also

Introduction:

Nija means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)

Source: Shodhganga: Drumavichitrikarnam—Plant mutagenesis in ancient India

Nija (निज) refers to the “natural (fragrance)” (of blossom) [Cf. Gandhavṛddhi], according to the Vṛkṣāyurveda by Sūrapāla (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.

Unclassified Ayurveda definitions

Source: archive.org: Vagbhata’s Ashtanga Hridaya Samhita (first 5 chapters)

Nija (निज) refers to “endogenous” (diseases), as mentioned in verse 4.33-34 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “[...] avoidance of offences against wisdom, assuagement of the senses, awareness, knowledge of region, season, and constitution, (and) imitation of the conduct of sages: this method (has been) taught in brief for the non-arising of endogenous and accidental diseases [viz., nija-āgantu-vikāra] and for the alleviation of (those which have) arisen”.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Nija (निज) refers to “one’s own (situation)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.13 (“Śiva-Pārvatī dialogue”).—Accordingly, as Pārvatī said to Śiva: “[...] Know that speaking, doing etc. is a Prākṛta activity. What you hear, what you eat, what you see and what you do—all these are (essentially) the activities of Prakṛti. To say that it is unreal is meaningless. O lord, if you are greater than Prakṛti, wherefore do you perform penance, O Śiva, now, on this mountain Himavat. O Śiva, you have been swallowed by Prakṛti, you do not know your own situation [i.e., nija]. O lord, if you do not know your own situation why do you perform penance? [...]”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (architecture)

Nija (निज) refers to “sleep”, according to the Piṅgalāmata (verse 10.33-36).—Accordingly, [while describing the pura on a 9-by-9-plan and the 32 padas]—“My dear, at Yama and Gandharva one should make a maṭha with three storeys, two [storeys] or one storey. [These are] the best, middling and least [maṭhas] in turn. That is the place for the Ācārya to sleep [i.e., nija—nijaṃ śayanahetukam], for [prognostication of] auspicious days, triumph, meditation, and the practice of Yoga. [There the teacher] may associate with vīras, sharing vīra food and drink, etc.”.

context information

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Nija (निज) refers to “one’s own (mind)”, according to the Śivayogadīpikā 1.6.—Accordingly, “He alone is a Layayogin whose own (nija) mind becomes absorbed along with the breath because of meditation by means of the mind and the [internal] resonance”.

context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Nija (निज) refers to “one’s own (actions)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Fools mourn for relations experiencing the results of their own actions [com.—nijaśubhāśubhakarma-phalabhoktṛ—‘the experiencer of the results of their own good and bad actions’] [but] because of the confusion of [their] intelligence [they do] not [mourn for] themselves situated in Yama’s fangs. In this forest that is the cycle of rebirth dwelt in by Yama the serpent-king, the men of olden times, who were eternal previously, have come to an end”.

Synonyms: Sva.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

nija : (adj.) one's own.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Nija, (adj.) (Sk. nija, wth dial. j. for nitya=P. nicca) own Dāvs II. 68. Cp. niya. (Page 356)

Source: Sutta: Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionary

nija (နိဇ) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[ni+ṇya．ni+jana+kvi]
[နိ+ဏျ။ နိ+ဇန+ကွိ]

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

nija (निज).—a (S) Own, proper, peculiar. 2 Used as s n f One's own affairs. v sāṅga, bōla &c. Pr. nijēvāñcūna pujā nāhīṃ No one serves or honors another disinterestedly. Numerous compounds occur, esp. in poetry. The useful ones follow in order.

--- OR ---

nīja (नीज).—n f (nija S) One's own affairs. Pr. nijē vāñcūna pujā nāhīṃ No one cares about the concerns of another.

--- OR ---

nīja (नीज).—f (nidrā S) Sleep.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

nija (निज).—a Own, proper, peculiar. 8 n f One's own affairs. Pr. nijēvāñcūna pūjā nāhīṃ. No one serves or honours another disinterestedly.

--- OR ---

nīja (नीज).—n f Sleep. See nija.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Nija (निज).—a. [nitarāṃ jāyate nijan-ḍa]

1) Innate, indigenous, native, inborn, congenial.

2) Own, one's own, relating to one-self, of one's own party or country; निजं वपुः पुन- रनयन्निजां रुचिम् (nijaṃ vapuḥ puna- ranayannijāṃ rucim) Śiśupālavadha 17.4; R.3.15;18.27; Manusmṛti 2.5.

3) Peculiar.

4) Continual, perpetual. -m. (pl.) One's own people.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Nija (निज).—mfn.

(-jaḥ-jā-jaṃ) 1. Own. 2. Perpetual, eternal. 3. Peculiar. E. ni implying continuance, and ja what is produced. nitarāṃ jāyate ni + jana-ḍa .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Nija (निज).—[ni-ja] (vb. jan), adj. Own, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 50.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Nija (निज).—[adjective] inborn, indigenous, native, own; [with] ripu [masculine] a foe in one’s own camp. In [later language] = a poss. [pronoun] of all persons.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Nija (निज):—[=ni-ja] mf(ā)n. (√jan) innate, native, of one’s own party or country (with ripu m. an enemy in one’s own country, [Hitopadeśa]; m. [plural] one’s own people, [Rājataraṅgiṇī])

2) [v.s. ...] constant, continual, [Atharva-veda; Brāhmaṇa; Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc. (in later Sanskṛt used as a reflex. possess. [pronoun] = sva, my own, his own, our own etc.)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Nija (निज):—[ni-ja] (jaḥ-jā-jaṃ) a. Own; eternal.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Nija (निज) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇia, Ṇialla.

[Sanskrit to German]

Nija in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Nija (निज) [Also spelled nij]:—(a) own, one’s own; —[karake] particularly; personally; —[kā] personal, one’s own; ~[tā/~tva] characteristic, characteristic quality; personal element; ~[sva] (one’s) due.

context information

...

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Nija (ನಿಜ):—

1) [adjective] existing naturally or present since birth rather than acquired; innate; inborn.

2) [adjective] of one’s own; relating to one-self.

--- OR ---

Nija (ನಿಜ):—

1) [noun] the quality or condition of being natural, innate or inborn (as opp. to the one that is acquired); innateness; naturalness.

2) [noun] that which is true or the quality of being true; truth; fact.

3) [noun] that which is eternal and the final truth; the soul.

4) [noun] freedom of the soul from the cycle of births and deaths; salvation; beatitude.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Nija (निज):—adj. 1. one's own; 2. personal; private; 3. particular; special; pron. 1. self; 2. the same; ditto;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

Relevant text

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