Nihsarana, Nissāraṇa, Nissaraṇa, Niḥsaraṇa, Niḥśaraṇa, Nis-sharana, Nihsharana, Nissarana: 26 definitions
Introduction:
Nihsarana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Jainism, Prakrit, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Niḥśaraṇa can be transliterated into English as Nihsarana or Nihsharana, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण) refers to the “exit” (of all views).—(cf. Madhyamakakārikā, p. 247)—If something of non-emptiness existed, there would indeed be an emptiness (by virtue of the law of interdependence of opposites); but since there is nothing that is non-empty, how could emptiness exist? Śūnyatā thus does not exist: it is valid only as a method of argumentation and not as a philosophical principle:—“The Buddhas have said that śūnyatā is the exit (niḥsaraṇa) of all views, but those who believe in śūnyatā are incurable (asādhya).”
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण) refers to a “way out”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “The three worlds, which are made foolish by the action of the poison of lust, are fast asleep in this gaping mouth of Yama’s serpent which is marked by fangs of destruction. While this one whose disposition is pitiless is devouring everyone, certainly there is no way out (niḥsaraṇa—nāsmān niḥsaraṇaṃ) [var.—niḥśaraṇa—tasmān niḥśaraṇaṃ—‘unprotected from that’] from this for you, noble fellow, by any means [even] with some difficulty without knowledge of what is beyond the senses. [Thus ends the reflection on] helplessness”.
Synonyms: Nirgama.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
nissaraṇa : (nt.) 1. going out; departure; 2. escape. || nissāraṇa (nt.), driving out.
Nissāraṇa, (nt.) (fr. nissarati) going or driving out, expulsion Miln. 344 (osāraṇa-n. -paṭisāraṇa), 357. (Page 375)
— or —
Nissaraṇa, (nt.) (Sk. niḥsaraṇa, to nis+sarati, cp. BSk. nissaraṇa giving up (?) AvŚ II. 193) going out, departure; issue, outcome, result; giving up, leaving behind, being freed, escape (fr. saṃsāra), salvation Vin. I, 104; D. III, 240, 248 sq.; S. I, 128, 142; II, 5; III, 170 (catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ); IV, 7 sq. (id.); V, 121 sq.; A. I, 258, 260; II, 10 (kāmānaṃ etc.); III, 245 sq.; IV, 76 (uttariṃ); V, 188; M. I, 87 (kāmānaṃ), 326 (uttariṃ); III, 25; It. 37, 61; Ps. II, 180, 244; Vbh. 247; Vism. 116; ThA. 233; DhsA. 164; Sdhp. 579. Cp. nissaṭa & nissaraṇīya.
1) nissaraṇa (နိဿရဏ) [(na) (န)]—
[ni+sara+yu (nigaraṇa-saṃ,ṇissaraṇa-prā)]
[နိ+သရ+ယု (နိဂရဏ-သံ၊ ဏိဿရဏ-ပြာ)]
2) nissāraṇa (နိဿာရဏ) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[ni+sara+yu．nissārenti saṃghamhā etenāti nissāraṇaṃ．kaṅkhā,ṭī,．417．(nissāraṇaya-sī)]
[နိ+သရ+ယု။ နိဿာရေန္တိ သံဃမှာ ဧတေနာတိ နိဿာရဏံ။ ကင်္ခါ၊ ဋီ၊သစ်။ ၄၁၇။ (နိဿာရဏယ-သီဟိုဠ်)]
[Pali to Burmese]
1) nissaraṇa—
(Burmese text): (၁) ထွက်မြောက်-လွတ်မြောက်-ခြင်း။ (တိ) (၂) ထွက်မြောက်-ကင်းလွတ်-လွန်မြောက်ကြောင်း-ရာ-ဖြစ်သော။ (က) ပစ္စသေက္ခဏာဉာဏ် (ပညာ)။ (ခ) အသုဘ (ပဌမ)ဈာန် (ဂ) မေတ္တာဈာန်။ (ဃ) ကရုဏာဈာန်။ (င) အရူပဈာန်။ (စ) အရဟတ္တဖိုလ်။ (ဆ) နိဗ္ဗာန်။ (ဇ) ပရိနိဗ္ဗာန်။ (ဈ)အရိယာမဂ်။ (ည) နည်းလမ်းအကြောင်။ (၃) ထွက်မြောက်ပြီးသော၊ ပုဂ္ဂိုလ် (ဘုရားရှင်)။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Exit-free-ness. (2) The state of being exit-free and complete. (a) The essence of phenomenon (knowledge). (b) First Jhana (state of meditation). (c) The state of loving-kindness. (d) The state of compassion. (e) The state of happiness. (f) The state of purity. (g) Nibbana. (h) Parinibbana. (i) The state of identity. (j) The path of practice. (3) One who has exited, an individual (deity).
2) nissāraṇa—
(Burmese text): ထွက်သွားစေ-နှင့်ထုတ်-ကြောင်းဖြစ်သော။ (ညဉ့်အခါ စစ်တိုက်ခြင်း ညစစ်ပွဲ,သတ်ဖြတ်ကွပ်မျက်ခြင်း။ သီဟိုဠ်၊ ဓာန်)။
(Auto-Translation): Let it go - and it has come out. (In the evening, combat, night warfare, and slaughtering. The soul, the element.)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण).—n Better written nissaraṇa.
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niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण).—Better written nissāra &c.
Nissaraṇa (निस्सरण).—n S Going forth or from, departing, proceeding, issuing. 2 Dying.
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nissāraṇa (निस्सारण).—n S Driving from or out; expelling, removing.
Nissaraṇa (निस्सरण).—n Going forth.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण).—
1) Going out, exit.
2) An egress or outlet from a house, a gate.
3) Final departure, death.
4) A means, expedient, remedy.
5) Final beatitude.
Derivable forms: niḥsaraṇam (निःसरणम्).
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Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण).—
1) Expelling, driving or turning out.
2) The outlet from a house, ingress or egress.
Derivable forms: niḥsāraṇam (निःसारणम्).
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Niḥśaraṇa (निःशरण).—a.
-niḥśaraṇa helpless, forlorn.
Niḥśaraṇa is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms nis and śaraṇa (शरण).
Niḥśaraṇa (निःशरण).—see niḥsar°.
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Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण).—(compare also a-niḥ°, niḥsṛti; often written niḥśar°; = Pali nissaraṇa), nt. (in Mahāvyutpatti 1201 m. in Kyoto ed., but nt. in Mironov), escape (from the world), salvation; in this sense only lex. in Sanskrit, where the word is however standardly used as (means of) riddance (from anything). It has this meaning also in [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit]; especially getting rid of evil or misfortune, as Bhikṣuṇī-karmavācanā 28b.5, Mūla-Sarvāstivāda-Vinaya iii.7.15 escape from religious punishment; or riddance from sins, Mahāvyutpatti 1597 ff.; Śikṣāsamuccaya 64.14; 191.7 āpattiṣu niḥśaraṇajñānam (Translation wrong); jara-niḥs° from old age Lalitavistara 174.18; more generally loka-niḥs° from the world Gaṇḍavyūha 191.25; bhavaniḥsaraṇe (so read with v.l. and citation Śikṣāsamuccaya 203.16 [ś for s] for Lefm. bhavani saraṇe, unmetrical(ly)) Lalitavistara 173.12, from existence. The last two mean virtually salvation, mokṣa, and show how hard it is to draw a clear line between the standard Sanskrit and the specialized Pali-[Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit] meaning Substantially salvation is the meaning in Lalitavistara 346.2 asya…duḥkhaskandhasya niḥśara- ṇam, salvation from this (world which is a)…mass of misery; Mahāvastu i.73.6 so hi niḥsaraṇam (all mss. s, Senart ś) uttamaṃ prabhuḥ, he, the Lord, is the supreme salvation; i.180.5 niḥśaraṇajñaś ca (here all mss. ś, Senart em. sl; he also em. wrongly °jñasya); ii.418.8; Mahāvyutpatti 853 anantakal- pakoṭī-niḥsaraṇa-kuśalaḥ, skilled in (attaining) salvation after endless crores of kalpas (said of a Bodhisattva); Divyāvadāna 616.23; Śikṣāsamuccaya 236.7; Kāśyapa Parivarta 64.8; sa-niḥsaraṇam Bodhisattvabhūmi 219.4, 8, of dharma, containing (bringing) salvation; niḥsaraṇa- prajña (= Pali nissaraṇa-pañña; -prajña can be defended as [bahuvrīhi], having knowledge of salvation, but may also be a MIndicism, compare -prājña below) knowing salvation Mahāvyutpatti 1105 (of śrāvakas); Mahāvastu iii.201.6; niḥśaraṇa-prājña (so with 1 ms.; Tatpuruṣa), id., Mahāvastu iii.52.5; others, see a-niḥsaraṇa.
Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण).—n.
(-ṇaṃ) 1. Death, dying. 2. A means or expedient. 3. Exit, a going forth or out. 4. Final beatitude. 5. The entrance into a house or town, &c. the gate, the gate-way. E. nir forth or out, sṛ, to go, bhāve lyuṭ aff.
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Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण).—n.
(-ṇaṃ) 1. Going forth or out. 2. The entrance of a house or town, &c. the passage, the road of ingress and egress. E. nir forth or out, and sṛ to go ṇiclyuṭ aff; see niḥsaraṇa.
Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण).—i. e. nis-sṛ + ana, n. 1. Going forth or out, Mahābhārata 12, 10061; [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 458. 2. A means against, Mahābhārata 12, 7799.
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Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण).—i. e. nis-sṛ [Causal.], + ana, n. Turning out, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 7, 582.
Niḥśaraṇa (निःशरण).—[adjective] defenceless.
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Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण).—[neuter] going out, issue; means, expedient.
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Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण).—[neuter] going or driving out.
1) Niḥśaraṇa (निःशरण):—[=niḥ-śaraṇa] [from niḥ] mf(ā)n. defenceless, unprotected, [Rājataraṅgiṇī]
2) Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण):—[=niḥ-saraṇa] [from niḥ-sṛ] n. going forth or out, [Mahābhārata; Pañcatantra]
3) [v.s. ...] issue, egress, gate, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) [v.s. ...] means, expedient, remedy to get rid of ([compound]), [Mahābhārata]
5) [v.s. ...] departure, death final beatitude, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण):—[=niḥ-sāraṇa] [from niḥ-sṛ] n. turning out, expelling, [Rājataraṅgiṇī]
7) [v.s. ...] egress or road of egress, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
1) Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण):—[niḥ-saraṇa] (ṇaṃ) 1. n. Death; means or expedient; exit; place of entrance; final beatitude.
2) Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण):—[niḥ-sāraṇa] (ṇaṃ) 1. n. Going out; the entrance of a house or town.
Niḥśaraṇa (निःशरण):—(nis + śa) adj. f. ā schutzlos [Rājataraṅgiṇī 2, 33. 3, 161.]
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Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण):—(von sar mit nis) n.
1) das Herausgehen, Herauskommen [Amarakoṣa 3, 4, 18, 119.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha 4, 79. 80.] [Medinīkoṣa ṇ. 99.] [Mahābhārata 12, 10061.] śikhināmāhāraniḥsaraṇamārgam [Pañcatantra I, 458.] jihvā das Heraushängen der Zunge [Suśruta 2, 192, 19.] guda [193, 9.] Vgl. durniḥ . —
2) der Weg auf dem man herauskommt, Ausgang [Amarakoṣa 2, 2, 18.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 982.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] vānaro pi kathaṃ kathamapi prāptaniḥsaraṇo bahirbhūtaḥ [morgenländischen Gesellschaft 14, 575, 24.] —
3) ein Mittel gegen: yaścainaṃ paramaṃ dharmaṃ sarvabhūtasukhāvaham . duḥkhaniḥsaraṇaṃ veda [Mahābhārata 12, 7799. fg.] = upāya [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] —
4) der Ausgang aus dem Leben, Tod [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] [Vyutpatti oder Mahāvyutpatti 37.] die letzte Erlösung (mokṣa, nirvāṇa) [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] [Colebrooke I, 401.]
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Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण):—(vom caus. von sar mit nis) n.
1) das Hinausjagen, Verjagen; Hinausschaffen: rājā bhuvanarājasya dūraṃ niḥsāraṇaṃ vyadhāt [Rājataraṅgiṇī 7, 582.] vamanaṃ niḥsāraṇam [Mallinātha] zu [Kumārasaṃbhava 6, 37.] antaravayavānāṃ bahirniḥsāraṇe [Scholiast] zu [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 5, 4, 62.] —
2) = niḥsaraṇa Ausgang [Śabdaratnāvalī im Śabdakalpadruma]
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Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण):—
1) [Spr. 4348.] —
2) [Halāyudha 2, 134.]
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Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण):—
1) das Hinausgehenlassen: praśvāsaḥ punaḥ kauṣṭhasya (vāyoḥ) bahirniḥsāraṇam [SARVADARŚANAS. 174, 14. fg.]
Niḥśaraṇa (निःशरण):—Adj. (f. ā) schutzlos.
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Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण):—n. —
1) das Herausgehen , -kommen , -hängen (der Zunge). —
2) der Weg auf dem man herauskommt , Ausgang. —
3) ein Mittel aus Etwas herauszukommen , sich von Etwas (Abl. oder im Comp. vorangehend) zu befreien [Mahābhārata 12,215,8.] —
4) *Ausgang aus dem Leben , Tod. —
5) die letzte Erlösung.
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Niḥsāraṇa (निःसारण):—n. —
1) das Hinausgehenlassen , Hinausschaffen. —
2) das Hinausjagen , Verjagen. —
3) *Ausgang.
Niḥsaraṇa (निःसरण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇissaraṇa, Ṇīsaraṇa, Ṇisaraṇa, Ṇīsāraṇa.
Nissaraṇa (निस्सरण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇīharaṇa, Ṇīhāraṇa.
Nihsarana (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 離 [lí]: “separate”.
2) Nissaraṇa (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 出要 [chū yào]: “escape”.
2) Niḥsaraṇa (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 出罪 [chū zuì]: “rehabilitation”.
2) 出離 [chū lí]: “renunciation”.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Nissaraṇa (निस्सरण) [Also spelled nissaran]:—(nm) going out or forth; outflow; -[mārga] exit, outlet.
2) Nissāraṇa (निस्सारण) [Also spelled nissaran]:—(nm) extraction, causing to flow or go out.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Ṇissaraṇa (णिस्सरण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Niḥsaraṇa.
2) Ṇissaraṇa (णिस्सरण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Niḥśaraṇa.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Niḥśaraṇa (ನಿಃಶರಣ):—[adjective] not protected; wanting protection.
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Niḥsaraṇa (ನಿಃಸರಣ):—[noun] an open porch, portico just in front of a house.
Nissaraṇa (ನಿಸ್ಸರಣ):—
1) [noun] the act of going out; departure; exist.
2) [noun] the outer portion of the main entrance of a building, esp. house.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Nissāraṇa (निस्सारण):—n. 1. (an act of) going out; 2. flowing; leakage; 3. exit; exit point;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Nih, Sharana, Ao, Yu, Yu, Mi, Sara, Ni, Nish, Cara, Nikaya.
Starts with: Nihsaranata, Nihsaranatas, Nihsaranavant, Nihsaranavat.
Full-text (+92): Bahirnihsarana, Durnihsarana, Puronihsarana, Nissarana Pahana, Vinihsarana, Kamanissarana, Avanihsarana, Nissaranattha, Nissarananimitta, Gatinissarana, Nissaranadassana, Nissaranavinaya, Nissaranapanna, Nissaranadesana, Nissaranekadesa, Nissaranaviraga, Lokanissarana, Nissaranavivekanissita, Bhavanissarana, Katanissarana.
Relevant text
Search found 28 books and stories containing Nihsarana, Ni-sara-yu, Ni-sara-yu, Nih-śaraṇa, Niḥ-sāraṇa, Niḥ-saraṇa, Nih-saraṇa, Nih-sarana, Niḥ-śaraṇa, Nih-sāraṇa, Nih-sharana, Niḥsaraṇa, Niḥsāraṇa, Nihsaraṇa, Niḥśaraṇa, Nihśaraṇa, Nihsāraṇa, Nihsharana, Nis-sarana, Nis-śaraṇa, Nis-sharana, Nissāraṇa, Nissaraṇa, Nissarana; (plurals include: Nihsaranas, yus, śaraṇas, sāraṇas, saraṇas, saranas, sharanas, Niḥsaraṇas, Niḥsāraṇas, Nihsaraṇas, Niḥśaraṇas, Nihśaraṇas, Nihsāraṇas, Nihsharanas, Nissāraṇas, Nissaraṇas, Nissaranas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
I. Definition of the immeasurables (apramāṇa) < [Class 3: The four immeasurables]
Part 2 - The nine notions according to the Mahāyana < [Chapter XXXV - The Nine Horrible Notions]
VI. Literal commentary on the Vaiśāradyasūtra < [Part 1 - The four fearlessnesses of the Buddha according to the Abhidharma]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 136 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 2]
Page 99 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 2]
Page 202 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 3]
Vinaya Pitaka (3): Khandhaka (by I. B. Horner)
On two sent away, etc. < [9. The monks from Campā (Campeyya)]
Allowance to recite the Pātimokkha < [2. Observance (Uposatha)]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Page 129 < [Volume 2 (1872)]
Ahara as depicted in the Pancanikaya (by Le Chanh)
11. Sattatthana-sutta (“The Seven Points”) < [Appendix 1 - Buddha's teachings on Ahara (Pali texts and English translations)]
Dasabhumika Sutra (translation and study) (by Hwa Seon Yoon)
Part 1.3 - Nekkhamma or Naiskramya Paramita (detachment from the world) < [Chapter 3 - Study: Paramitas or Perfections]
Part 5 - The Fifth Stage named Sudurjaya < [Chapter 4 - Annotated Translation of the Dasabhumika-Sutra]