Nidhana, Nidhāna: 28 definitions

Introduction:

Nidhana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Nidhan.

In Hinduism

Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstra

Nidhāna (निधान) is a Sanskrit technical term denoting a “residence” in general, according to the lists of synonyms given in the Samarāṅgaṇa-sūtradhāra XVIII.8-9, which is a populair treatise on Vāstuśāstra literature.

Vastushastra book cover
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Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Shodhganga: Mantra-sādhana: Chapter One of the Kakṣapuṭatantra

Nidhāna (निधान, “treasure”) is accomplished by performing mantrasādhana (preparatory procedures) beginning with japamālā using a rosary bead made of conch shell beads, according to the Kakṣapuṭatantra verse 1.47, “to achieve artha (wealth), a rosary should be made from conch shell beads. To accomplish the nidhāna (treasure) and Yakṣiṇī ritual, the rosary should be strung with a white thread”.

Source: Shodhganga: Iconographical representations of Śiva

Nidhana (निधन) is the name of a deity who was imparted with the knowledge of the Svāyambhuvāgama by Sadāśiva through parasambandha, according to the pratisaṃhitā theory of Āgama origin and relationship (sambandha). The svāyambhuva-āgama, being part of the eighteen Rudrabhedāgamas, refers to one of the twenty-eight Siddhāntāgama: a classification of the Śaiva division of Śaivāgamas. The Śaivāgamas represent the wisdom that has come down from lord Śiva, received by Pārvatī and accepted by Viṣṇu.

Nidhana in turn transmitted the Svāyambhuvāgama (through mahānsambandha) to Nalinodbhava who then, through divya-sambandha, transmitted it to the Devas who, through divyādivya-sambandha, transmitted it to the Ṛṣis who finally, through adivya-sambandha, revealed the Svāyambhuvāgama to human beings (Manuṣya). (also see Anantaśambhu’s commentary on the Siddhāntasārāvali of Trilocanaśivācārya)

Shaivism book cover
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Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Nidhana (निधन) refers to “destruction” (i.e., of the ruler of a country), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 4), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If the two horns of the moon should appear but slightly raised and far from each other presenting the appearance of a boat, she brings trouble on the sailors but prosperity on mankind at large. If the northern horn of the moon should be higher [i.e., ardhonnata] than the other by one-half, the moon appearing like a plough, ploughmen will then suffer. They and their prince will be friendly and there will be prosperity in the land. If the southern horn should be higher than the other by one half, the appearance of the moon is also said to be plough like but of evil consequences. The ruler of Southern India will die [i.e., pāṇḍya-nareśvara-nidhana-kṛt] and his army will engage in war”.

Jyotisha book cover
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Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Nidhāna (निधान) refers to a “treasure”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.6.—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] Menā bore the characteristic signs of pregnancy which almost indicated the imminent rise in pleasure of her lord and served as the auspicious cause for the future bliss of the gods. [...] The lord of the mountains considered his pregnant queen like the earth with a treasure [i.e., nidhāna] within and like the Śamī twig with latent fire in it. The intelligent lord of mountains performed all the sacred rites befitting his love for his wife, the loftiness of his mind, the vastness of riches earned by him and the injunctions of the Vedas. [...]”.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Nidhana (निधन) refers to the “end”, according to the Kularatnoddyota verse 2.29-33.—Accordingly, “O (goddess whose) face is beloved (to all)! You who move within (me) and outside (me)! Supreme one who is both supreme (transcendent) and inferior (immanent)! Divine one who resides in the great Void! Do you not know, O large eyed one, that you are, just as I am, without either beginning or end (nidhanaanādinidhanāvubhau)? Such (also) is this Krama lineage that has come down through the sequence of the series (of teachers). [...]”.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Nidhāna (निधान) refers to “treasure”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 41).—Accordingly, “[The eighteen āveṇika-dharmas (‘special attributes’)]—[...] (5). The Buddha has no non-concentrated mind.—[...] Moreover, among the five incomprehensible things (acintyadharma), the attributes of the Buddha are the most incomprehensible: these eighteen special attributes (āveṇikadharma) are the profound treasure (gambhīra-nidhāna) of the Buddha. Who can understand them? This is why it is certain that the Buddha has no non-concentrated mind. Although the Buddha enters into concentration, he does not have these coarse minds (audārikacitta) of investigation (vitarka) and analysis (vicāra) and, having incomprehensible knowledge (acintyajñāna), he can preach the Dharma. [...]”.

Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Nidhāna (निधान) refers to the “treasury (of the dharma jewel)”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] Then, the bodhisatva, the great being, Gaganagañja addressed himself to the Lord: [...] (17-20) [How do Bodhisattvas] obtain the treasury of the dharma jewel of the Awakened Lords (dharmaratna-nidhāna), attain the characteristics and nature of all dharmas which are understood by the Tathāgatas, how do they mature all living beings by their primal purity, and apply himself to the attainment of all qualities of the Buddha? [...]’”.

Mahayana book cover
context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara Samadhi

Nidhāna (निधान) or Nidhānatīrtha refers to one of the “eleven holy bathing places” (Puṇyatīrtha), according to the Guru Mandala Worship (maṇḍalārcana) ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.

Tibetan Buddhism book cover
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Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Nidhāna (निधान) refers to “(divine) treasure”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “The wishing gem, divine treasure [com.nidhāna], cow of heaven, [and] wishing trees along with Lakṣmī—I think these are servants existing from ancient times of the doctrine. The doctrine bestows upon embodied souls prosperity which is desired by Indra and the lords of men and snakes, and is to be revered in the three worlds”.

Synonyms: Nidhi.

General definition book cover
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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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India history and geography

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Nidhāna.—(HRS), explained as ‘cess imposed upon agricultural land’; but ‘freshly assessed tax’; cf. nava-nidhāna. cf. sa-nidhi-nidhāna (Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXV, p. 139, text line 20), in which it is the same as nikṣepa; also sa-vana-śvabhra-nidhāna; probably, a mine. Note: nidhāna is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

Source: Singhi Jain Series: Ratnaprabha-suri’s Kuvalayamala-katha (history)

Nidhāna (निधान) or Mahānidhāna refers to “great treasures”, as mentioned in the Kathās (narrative poems) such as Uddyotanasūri in his 8th-century Kuvalayamālā (a Prakrit Campū, similar to Kāvya poetry).—Page 191.28-32: Here is a reference to various Siddhis practised in medieval times, [for example, Añjanasiddhi] [...]. The Añjanasiddhi conferred the occult power of seeing treasures (mahānidhāna).

India history book cover
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The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

[«previous next»] — Nidhana in Pali glossary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

nidhāna : (nt.) a deposit; a hidden treasure.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Nidhāna, (nt.) (Vedic nidhāna, see nidahati) laying down, depositing, keeping; receptacle; accumulation, (hidden) treasure J. IV, 280 (nidhi°); PvA. 7 (udaka-dāna-nīharaṇa-n°), 97 (n-gata dhana=hoarded, accumulated), 132 (°ṃ nidhessāmi gather a treasure); DhsA. 405 (°kkhama). (Page 359)

Pali book cover
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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

nidhana (निधन).—n S Death or dying. 2 Loss, disappearance, destruction, annihilation.

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nidhāna (निधान).—n (S) nidhi m (S) A treasure of kubēra the Indian Plutus. There are nine, padma, mahāpadma, śaṅkha, makara, kacchapa, mukunda, nanda, nīla, kharva. 2 A natural treasure, a mine. 3 A buried or hidden treasure. Pr. dhānya tēthēṃ ghuśī nidhāna tēthēṃ viṃvaśī. 4 A receptacle or repository. Ex. guṇanidhāna, dayānidhāna, karūṇā- nidhāna, vidyānidhāna, puṇyanidhāna, pāpanidhāna; also guṇanidhi, dayānidhi &c.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

nidhana (निधन).—n Death. Loss, disappearance.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Nidhana (निधन).—a. [nivṛttaṃ dhanaṃ yasmāt; Uṇādi-sūtra 2.81]

1) Poor, indigent; अहो निधनता सर्वापदामास्पदम् (aho nidhanatā sarvāpadāmāspadam) Mṛcchakaṭika 1.14.

-naḥ, nam 1 Destruction, annihilation, death, loss; स्वधर्मे निधनं श्रेयः (svadharme nidhanaṃ śreyaḥ) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 3.35; म्लेच्छनिवहनिधने कलयसि करवालम् (mlecchanivahanidhane kalayasi karavālam) Gītagovinda 1; कल्पान्ते- ष्वपि न प्रयाति निधनं विद्याख्यमन्तर्धनम् (kalpānte- ṣvapi na prayāti nidhanaṃ vidyākhyamantardhanam) Bhartṛhari 2.16; Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.21; 5.95.

2) The concluding passage at the end of a Sāman sung in chorus, the fifth of the five parts of Sāman; लोकेषु पञ्चविधं सामोपासीत (lokeṣu pañcavidhaṃ sāmopāsīta) ...... द्यौर्निधनम् (dyaurnidhanam) Ch. Up.2. 2.1.

3) The finale (in music).

4) Name of the eighth lunar mansion.

5) Conclusion, end, termination; अस्य वाक्यस्य निधने प्रादुरासीच्छिवोऽनिलः (asya vākyasya nidhane prādurāsīcchivo'nilaḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 6.119.38.

6) Ved. Residence; receptacle.

-naḥ The head of a family.

-nam Family, race.

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Nidhāna (निधान).—

1) Putting down, laying down, depositing.

2) Keeping, preserving.

3) Place where anything is placed, a receptacle, reservoir; निधानं धर्माणाम् (nidhānaṃ dharmāṇām) G. L.18.

4) Treasure; निधानगर्भामिव सागराम्बराम् (nidhānagarbhāmiva sāgarāmbarām) R.3.9; Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 9.18; विद्यैव लोकस्य परं निधानम् (vidyaiva lokasya paraṃ nidhānam) Subhāṣ.

5) Hoard, store, property, wealth.

6) A place of cessation or rest.

7) A deposit; Manusmṛti 8.36.

Derivable forms: nidhānam (निधानम्).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Nidhana (निधन).—mfn.

(-naḥ-nā-naṃ) Poor. mn.

(-naḥ-naṃ) 1. Race, family. 2. Loss, disappearance, annihilation, 3. Death, dying. 4. The seventh asterism of the lunar mansions, reckoning from that under which a person is born. m.

(-naḥ) The head of a family. E. ni before dhā to cherish, affix ac, or ni neg. dhana wealth, or ni + dhā + kyu .

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Nidhāna (निधान).—n.

(-naṃ) 1. A Nid'hi or divine treasure, belonging especially to Kuvera the god of wealth. 2. A receptacle, a place or vessel in or on which any thing is collected or deposited. 3. Place of cessation or rest. 4. Property, possessions, wealth. E. ni in or on, dhā to possess, Unadi affix kyap or according to others bhāve lyuṭḥ see nidhi .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Nidhana (निधन).—i. e. perhaps ni-han + a, n. 1. Conclusion, end, Mahābhārata 1, 4612; [Suśruta] 1, 18, 19. 2. Annihilation, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 13. 3. Death, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 5, 40.

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Nidhāna (निधान).—i. e. ni-dhā + ana, n. (m., [Rāmāyaṇa] 5, 11, 4), 1. Putting aside, Mahābhārata 4, 158. 2. A receptacle, a place or vessel in or on which anything is collected or deposited, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 2477. 3. A treasure, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 36.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Nidhana (निधन).—[neuter] going or lying down, i.e. settlement, abode, receptacle; or conclusion, end, death.

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Nidhana (निधन).—[adjective] destitute of wealth, poor, miserable; [abstract] [feminine]

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Nidhāna (निधान).—[neuter] laying down, depositing, keeping, preserving; receptacle, vessel ([rarely] also [masculine], adj. —° [feminine] ī); (hidden) treasure.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Nidhana (निधन):—[=ni-dhana] 1. ni-dhana mfn. (for 2. See [column]3) having no property, poor, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

2) [=ni-dhana] [from ni-dhā] 2. ni-dhana (for 1. See [column]2) n. (m. only, [Harivaṃśa 4846]; [gana] ardharcādi) settling down, residence or place of r°, domicile, receptacle, [Atharva-veda; Suśruta; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]

3) [v.s. ...] conclusion, end, death, destruction, loss, annihilation, [Manu-smṛti; Varāha-mihira; Mahābhārata] etc.

4) [v.s. ...] (in music) the concluding passage of a Sāman which is sung in chorus

5) [v.s. ...] any finale, [Atharva-veda; Taittirīya-saṃhitā; Brāhmaṇa] etc.

6) [v.s. ...] Name of the 8th mansion, [Varāha-mihira]

7) [v.s. ...] race, family, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

8) [v.s. ...] m. the head of a family, [Horace H. Wilson]

9) Nidhanā (निधना):—[=ni-dhanā] [from ni-dhana > ni-dhā] f. [plural] Name of [particular] verses or formulas, [Kauśika-sūtra]

10) Nidhāna (निधान):—[=ni-dhāna] [from ni-dhā] n. putting or laying down, depositing, keeping, preserving, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Mahābhārata] etc.

11) [v.s. ...] laying aside (cf. daṇḍa-n)

12) [v.s. ...] placing (the sacrificial fire), [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra]

13) [v.s. ...] place for depositing anything, receptacle (rarely m.; ifc. f(ī). ; cf. garbha-n), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.

14) [v.s. ...] a place of cessation or rest, [Horace H. Wilson]

15) [v.s. ...] anything laid up, a store, hoard, treasure ([especially] the t° of Kubera), [Manu-smṛti; Mṛcchakaṭikā; Raghuvaṃśa] etc. (-tā f., [Jātakamālā])

16) [=ni-dhāna] [from ni-dhā] mfn. containing anything ([genitive case]) in itself, [Taittirīya-āraṇyaka]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Nidhana (निधन):—[ni-dhana] (naḥ-naṃ) 1. m. n. Race; loss, death; 7th lunar asterism. m. Head of a family. a. Poor.

2) Nidhāna (निधान):—[ni-dhāna] (naṃ) 1. n. A divinetreasury; depository; place of rest; wealth.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Nidhana (निधन) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇidhaṇa, Ṇihaṇa, Ṇihāṇa.

[Sanskrit to German]

Nidhana in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

[«previous next»] — Nidhana in Hindi glossary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Nidhana (निधन) [Also spelled nidhan]:—(nm) death, passing away; ~[kārī] fatal, killing.

2) Nidhāna (निधान) [Also spelled nidhan]:—(nm) abode, repository; substratum.

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

Ṇidhaṇa (णिधण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Nidhana.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Nidhana (ನಿಧನ):—[noun] hidden wealth in the form of money, precious metals, jewels, etc.; treasure.

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Nidhana (ನಿಧನ):—

1) [noun] a place of dwelling; house.

2) [noun] lineal descent from an ancestor; lineage; family.

3) [noun] end; conclusion; cessation.

4) [noun] death; decease; demise; dying.

5) [noun] complete destruction; annihilation.

6) [noun] the concluding passage at the end of Sāma hymns sung in chorus.

7) [noun] the destructive form of Viśṇu.

8) [noun] a poor, indigent man.

9) [noun] (astrol.) the eight house from one’s birth house.

10) [noun] ನಿಧನವಾಗು [nidhanavagu] nidhanavāgu = ನಿಧನಹೊಂದು [nidhanahomdu]; ನಿಧನಹೊಂದು [nidhanahomdu] nidhana hondu (a person) to cease to exist; to die.

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Nidhāna (ನಿಧಾನ):—

1) [noun] hidden wealth in the form of money, precious metals, jewels, etc.; treasure.

2) [noun] a place where or container in which, valuables are hidden.

3) [noun] wealth; riches.

4) [noun] a place of protection; a shelter.

5) [noun] a work, job that is to be done either as a duty or by compulsion.

6) [noun] an instance of delaying or the duration of time by which something is delyed.

7) [noun] the quality of being patient, as the bearing of provocation, annoyance, misfortune or pain, without complaint, loss of temper, irritation or the like; patience.

8) [noun] a resolve or determination; resolution.

9) [noun] ನಿಧಾನ ಮಾಡು [nidhana madu] nidhāna māḍu to delay; to postpone; to put off; ನಿಧಾನವಾಗು [nidhanavagu] nidhānavāgu to be delayed.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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