Nai, Naī, Nāi, Ñai, Ṉai, Nài, Nǎi, Nái: 35 definitions
Introduction:
Nai means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Nāi in the Marathi language refers to the medicinal herb “Enicostema axillare (Lam.) Raynal”, and is used for ethnomedicine treatment of Fever in Ahmednagar district, India. The parts used are: “Roots”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
1) 奈 [nai]—Remedy, alternative, how ? what ? a yellow plum.
2) 柰 [nai]—Berries of the nyctanthes or musk. āmra, a mango.
3) 耐 [nai]—To endure, bear.
1) 耐 ts = nài p refers to [adjective] “enduring; marṣaṇa”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: marṣaṇa, Japanese: tai, or: dou (BCSD '耐 [nai]', p. 954; MW 'marṣaṇa'; SH '耐 [nai]', p. 311; Unihan '耐 [nai]').
2) 奈 ts = nài p refers to [noun] “yellow plum; āmalaka”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: āmalaka, Japanese: na, or: dai (BCSD '奈 [nai]', p. 338; MW 'āmalaka'; SH '奈 [nai]', p. 253; Unihan '奈 [nai]')..
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
India history and geography
Nai refers to “Umbilical chord”.—It is included in the glossary section of the study on the Sonowal and Thengal Kacharis tribes of Assam (India) who possess a rich cultural heritage, folk customs, local traditions and oral histories
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Nai in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Vanda tessellata (Roxb.) Hook. ex G.Don from the Orchidaceae (Orchid) family having the following synonyms: Epidendrum tessellatum, Vanda roxburghii, Cymbidium tessellatum. For the possible medicinal usage of nai, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
1) Nai in India is the name of a plant defined with Enicostema axillare in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Hippion littorale (Blume) Miq. (among others).
2) Nai is also identified with Hordeum vulgare It has the synonym Zeocriton distichon (L.) P. Beauv. (etc.).
3) Nai is also identified with Rauvolfia serpentina It has the synonym Ophioxylon trifoliatum Gaertn. (etc.).
4) Nai is also identified with Vanda tessellata It has the synonym Cymbidium tessellatum (Roxb.) Sw. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Adansonia (1969)
· Systema Vegetabilium (1825)
· Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. (Copenh) (1986)
· Numer. List (7318)
· Familles des Plantes (1763)
· Science and Culture (1982)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Nai, for example chemical composition, health benefits, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
naī (नई).—f unc A river. Pr. ikaḍē naī tikaḍē vaī.
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nāī (नाई).—f A plant, Sphæranthus Indicus. 2 A particular creeping plant.
naī (नई).—f A river. Ex. īkaḍē naī tikaḍē vaī.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Nai (नै):—Vṛddhi form of ni in [compound]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Naī (नई):—(a) new; fem. of [nayā] (see); —[āvatī] fresh receipt; —[navelī] young and new; —[nikora] brand new.
2) Nāī (नाई):—(nm) a barber, a low caste in the traditional Hindu social order subsisting on haircutting, shaving, etc.; -[telī-dhobī] the butcher, the baker, the candlestickmaker.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Ṇai (णै) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Nati.
2) Ṇaī (णई) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Nadī.
3) Ṇāi (णाइ) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Jñāti.
4) Ṇāi (णाइ) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Jñati.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Nai (ನೈ):—
1) [noun] butter clarified by boiling; ghee.
2) [noun] a thick, sweet, syrupy substance that bees make as food from the nectar of flowers; honey.
3) [noun] any of various kinds of substances that are unctuous, viscous, combustible, liquid at ordinary temperatures, and soluble in ether or alcohol but not in water, extracted mainly from seeds of various plants; oil.
4) [noun] the typical quality of oils, being oily, greasy, viscous, etc.; oiliness.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Ñai (ஞை) . The compound of ஞ் [gn] and ஐ. [ai.]
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Ṇai (ணை) . The compound of ண் [n] and ஐ. [ai.]
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Nāi (நாஇ) noun [K. Travancore usage nāyi.] See நாய். [nay.] (தொல். எழுத். [thol. ezhuth.] 58, உரை. [urai.])
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Nai (நை) . The compound of ந் [n] and ஐ. [ai.]
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Nai (நை) [naital] 4 intransitive verb cf. naś.
1. To be crushed, bruised; நசுங்குதல். [nasunguthal.]
2. To be injured, spoiled, over-ripe, as fruits; to be frayed, worn out, as cloth; நிலைகெடுதல். [nilaigeduthal.]
3. To waste away, perish; கெடுதல். [keduthal.] (W.)
4. To dwindle, decrease; சுருங்குதல். நையாத வாயுளுஞ் செல்வமும் [surunguthal. naiyatha vayulugn selvamum] (திருவருட்பா [thiruvarudpa], v, பொது. [pothu.] 2.)
5. To be shortened in quantity, as a vowel; மாத்திரையிற் குறைதல். வன்மைமே லுகர முறுவது நையும் [mathiraiyir kuraithal. vanmaime lugara muruvathu naiyum] (வீரசோழீயம் சந்தி. [virasozhiyam santhi.] 2).
6. To droop, languish, faint; தளர்தல். இடைநைவது கண்டு [thalarthal. idainaivathu kandu] (திருக்கோவையார் [thirukkovaiyar] 134).
7. To fade; வாடுதல். [vaduthal.] (W.)
8. To be wounded in one’s feelings; to be distressed; மனம் வருந்துதல். நைந்து சாமவர்க்கே [manam varunthuthal. nainthu samavarkke] (திருநூற்றந்தாதி [thirunurrandathi] 43).
9. To feel pity; இரங்குதல். நீ நல்காமையி னைவரச் சாஅய் [iranguthal. ni nalkamaiyi naivaras saay] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 146).
10. To forget oneself; to lose command of oneself; அவசமாதல். அரிவை நைய [avasamathal. arivai naiya] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 492).
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Nai (நை) [naittal] 11 transitive verb Causative of நை²-. [nai²-.]
1. To crush; நசுக்குதல். [nasukkuthal.]
2. To destroy; அழித் தல். வேலே . . . நாடுநைத்தலின் [azhith thal. vele . . . nadunaithalin] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 97).
3. To burn; எரித்தல். ஒள்ளெரி நைப்ப [erithal. olleri naippa] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 240).
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Nai (நை) interjection Expr. signifying disdain or mockery; இகழ்ச்சிக்குறிப்பு. [igazhchikkurippu.] (W.)
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Ṉai (னை) . The compound of ன் [n] and ஐ. [ai.]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Nai (नै):—particle. an emphatic word used separately to give emphasis;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
Chinese-English dictionary
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
乃 [nǎi] [nai]—
[代 [dai]] (Pronoun)
1. You, your. For example: `母 [mu]` (your mother), `兄 [xiong]` (your elder brother). Song Dynasty. `陸游 [lu you]` (Lu You)'s poem "To My Son": "When the `王師 [wang shi]` (imperial army) pacifies the `中原 [zhong yuan]` (Central Plains), do not forget to tell `翁 [weng]` (your father) at the `家祭 [jia ji]` (family sacrifice)."
2. He, his. `《周禮 [zhou li]．天官 [tian guan]．小宰 [xiao zai]》` (Zhou Li, Heavenly Officials, Minor Steward): "Each should cultivate `職 [zhi]` (his duties)."
[動 [dong]] (Verb)
To be, is. For example: "Failure `` (is) the mother of success." `《史記 [shi ji]．卷八 [juan ba]．高祖本紀 [gao zu ben ji]》` (Records of the Grand Historian, Vol. 8, Annals of Emperor Gaozu): "`呂公 [lu gong]` (Duke Lü)'s daughter `` (was) `呂后 [lu hou]` (Empress Lü), who gave birth to `孝惠帝 [xiao hui di]` (Emperor Xiaohui)." `《水滸傳 [shui hu chuan]》` (Water Margin) Chapter 23: "The gentry said: 'Truly `` (is) a `英雄好漢 [ying xiong hao han]` (hero and brave man)!'"
[連 [lian]] (Conjunction)
1. Then, thereupon. `《史記 [shi ji]．卷七七 [juan qi qi]．魏公子傳 [wei gong zi chuan]》` (Records of the Grand Historian, Vol. 77, Biography of Lord Xinling of Wei): "`侯生 [hou sheng]` (Master Hou) saw that the `公子 [gong zi]` (Lord)'s expression remained unchanged, `` (then) he bid farewell to the guest and went to the carriage."
2. Yet, but. `《漢書 [han shu]．卷三五 [juan san wu]．吳王劉濞傳 [wu wang liu bi chuan]》` (Book of Han, Vol. 35, Biography of Liu Pi, King of Wu): "Instead of correcting his mistakes and renewing himself, he `` (yet) became even more arrogant and unrestrained."
3. And, but. `《荀子 [xun zi]．正論 [zheng lun]》` (Xunzi, Correct Discourse): "Therefore, whether one fights or not, whether one is disgraced or not, `` (lies) in whether one hates or not."
4. If, in case. `《孟子 [meng zi]．公孫丑上 [gong sun chou shang]》` (Mencius, Gongsun Chou I): "`` (If) that is what I wish, then I would learn from `孔子 [kong zi]` (Confucius)."
[副 [fu]] (Adverb)
1. Unexpectedly, actually. `《列子 [lie zi]．湯問 [tang wen]》` (Liezi, Tang Wen): "Can human skill `` (actually) achieve the same merits as the `造化者 [zao hua zhe]` (Creator)?" `《史記 [shi ji]．卷一 [juan yi]○二 [er]．張釋之傳 [zhang shi zhi chuan]》` (Records of the Grand Historian, Vol. 102, Biography of Zhang Shizhi): "And the `廷尉 [ting wei]` (Grand Judge) `` (unexpectedly) sentenced him to a fine!"
2. Only then, just then. `《禮記 [li ji]．月令 [yue ling]》` (Book of Rites, Monthly Ordinances): "In this month, day and night are equal, and thunder `` (only then) begins to sound." `《文選 [wen xuan]．楊惲 [yang yun]．報孫會宗書 [bao sun hui zong shu]》` (Selections of Refined Literature, Yang Yun, Letter to Sun Huizong): "Only now `` (do I) see your ambition."
[助 [zhu]] (Particle)
Grammatical particle. Used at the beginning of a sentence or to indicate a transition. `《書經 [shu jing]．大禹謨 [da yu mo]》` (Book of Documents, Counsels of Great Yu): "The `帝德 [di de]` (Emperor's virtue) is vast and far-reaching, `聖神 [sheng shen]` (he is indeed sage and divine), `武文 [wu wen]` (indeed martial and cultured)."
乃：[代]
1.你、你的。如：「乃母」、「乃兄」。宋．陸游〈示兒〉詩：「王師北定中原日，家祭無忘告乃翁。」
2.他、他的。《周禮．天官．小宰》：「各脩乃職。」
[動]
是。如：「失敗乃成功之母。」《史記．卷八．高祖本紀》：「呂公女乃呂后也，生孝惠帝。」《水滸傳》第二三回：「眾上戶道：『真乃英雄好漢！』」
[連]
1.然後、於是。《史記．卷七七．魏公子傳》：「侯生視公子色終不變，乃謝客就車。」
2.卻。《漢書．卷三五．吳王劉濞傳》：「不改過自新，乃益驕恣。」
3.而。《荀子．正論》：「然則鬥與不鬥邪，亡於辱之與不辱也，乃在於惡之與不惡也。」
4.若、如果。《孟子．公孫丑上》：「乃所願，則學孔子也。」
[副]
1.竟、居然。《列子．湯問》：「人之巧乃可與造化者同功乎？」《史記．卷一○二．張釋之傳》：「而廷尉乃當之罰金！」
2.才、始。《禮記．月令》：「是月也，日夜分，雷乃發聲。」《文選．楊惲．報孫會宗書》：「於今乃睹子之志矣。」
[助]
語助詞。用於發語或轉折。《書經．大禹謨》：「帝德廣運，乃聖乃神，乃武乃文。」
nǎi:[dài]
1. nǐ,, nǐ de. rú: “nǎi mǔ” ,, “nǎi xiōng” . sòng． lù yóu 〈shì ér〉 shī: “wáng shī běi dìng zhōng yuán rì, jiā jì wú wàng gào nǎi wēng.”
2. tā,, tā de. < zhōu lǐ． tiān guān． xiǎo zǎi>: “gè xiū nǎi zhí.”
[dòng]
shì. rú: “shī bài nǎi chéng gōng zhī mǔ.” < shǐ jì． juǎn bā． gāo zǔ běn jì>: “lǚ gōng nǚ nǎi lǚ hòu yě, shēng xiào huì dì.” < shuǐ hǔ chuán> dì èr sān huí: “zhòng shàng hù dào: ‘zhēn nǎi yīng xióng hǎo hàn! ’ ”
[lián]
1. rán hòu,, yú shì. < shǐ jì． juǎn qī qī． wèi gōng zi chuán>: “hóu shēng shì gōng zi sè zhōng bù biàn, nǎi xiè kè jiù chē.”
2. què. < hàn shū． juǎn sān wǔ． wú wáng liú bì chuán>: “bù gǎi guò zì xīn, nǎi yì jiāo zì.”
3. ér. < xún zi． zhèng lùn>: “rán zé dòu yǔ bù dòu xié, wáng yú rǔ zhī yǔ bù rǔ yě, nǎi zài yú è zhī yǔ bù è yě.”
4. ruò,, rú guǒ. < mèng zi． gōng sūn chǒu shàng>: “nǎi suǒ yuàn, zé xué kǒng zi yě.”
[fù]
1. jìng,, jū rán. < liè zi． tāng wèn>: “rén zhī qiǎo nǎi kě yǔ zào huà zhě tóng gōng hū?” < shǐ jì． juǎn yī○èr． zhāng shì zhī chuán>: “ér tíng wèi nǎi dāng zhī fá jīn! ”
2. cái,, shǐ. < lǐ jì． yuè lìng>: “shì yuè yě, rì yè fēn, léi nǎi fā shēng.” < wén xuǎn． yáng yùn． bào sūn huì zōng shū>: “yú jīn nǎi dǔ zi zhī zhì yǐ.”
[zhù]
yǔ zhù cí. yòng yú fā yǔ huò zhuǎn zhé. < shū jīng． dà yǔ mó>: “dì dé guǎng yùn, nǎi shèng nǎi shén, nǎi wǔ nǎi wén.”
nai:[dai]
1. ni,, ni de. ru: "nai mu" ,, "nai xiong" . song. lu you
2. ta,, ta de. < zhou li. tian guan. xiao zai>: "ge xiu nai zhi."
[dong]
shi. ru: "shi bai nai cheng gong zhi mu." < shi ji. juan ba. gao zu ben ji>: "lu gong nu nai lu hou ye, sheng xiao hui di." < shui hu chuan> di er san hui: "zhong shang hu dao: 'zhen nai ying xiong hao han! ' "
[lian]
1. ran hou,, yu shi. < shi ji. juan qi qi. wei gong zi chuan>: "hou sheng shi gong zi se zhong bu bian, nai xie ke jiu che."
2. que. < han shu. juan san wu. wu wang liu bi chuan>: "bu gai guo zi xin, nai yi jiao zi."
3. er. < xun zi. zheng lun>: "ran ze dou yu bu dou xie, wang yu ru zhi yu bu ru ye, nai zai yu e zhi yu bu e ye."
4. ruo,, ru guo. < meng zi. gong sun chou shang>: "nai suo yuan, ze xue kong zi ye."
[fu]
1. jing,, ju ran. < lie zi. tang wen>: "ren zhi qiao nai ke yu zao hua zhe tong gong hu?" < shi ji. juan yi○er. zhang shi zhi chuan>: "er ting wei nai dang zhi fa jin! "
2. cai,, shi. < li ji. yue ling>: "shi yue ye, ri ye fen, lei nai fa sheng." < wen xuan. yang yun. bao sun hui zong shu>: "yu jin nai du zi zhi zhi yi."
[zhu]
yu zhu ci. yong yu fa yu huo zhuan zhe. < shu jing. da yu mo>: "di de guang yun, nai sheng nai shen, nai wu nai wen."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
氖 [nǎi] [nai]—
Neon (, Ne) is a chemical element (化學元素 [hua xue yuan su]). It has an atomic number (原子序 [yuan zi xu]) of 10. It is one of the non-metal elements (非金屬元素 [fei jin shu yuan su]). It is colorless, odorless, and non-irritating. Its content in the atmosphere is extremely small, and it does not easily combine with other elements. It can be used to manufacture neon lights (霓虹燈 [ni hong deng]).
氖：[名]
（neon，Ne）化學元素。原子序10。非金屬元素之一。無色無臭，無刺激性。大氣中含量極少，不易與其他元素化合。可用以製造霓虹燈。
nǎi:[míng]
(neon,Ne) huà xué yuán sù. yuán zi xù10. fēi jīn shǔ yuán sù zhī yī. wú sè wú chòu, wú cì jī xìng. dà qì zhōng hán liàng jí shǎo, bù yì yǔ qí tā yuán sù huà hé. kě yòng yǐ zhì zào ní hóng dēng.
nai:[ming]
(neon,Ne) hua xue yuan su. yuan zi xu10. fei jin shu yuan su zhi yi. wu se wu chou, wu ci ji xing. da qi zhong han liang ji shao, bu yi yu qi ta yuan su hua he. ke yong yi zhi zao ni hong deng.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
釢 [nǎi] [nai]—
Noun. A 化學元素 [hua xue yuan su] (chemical element). An 舊譯 [jiu yi] (old name) for 釹 [nu] (Neodymium).
釢：[名]
化學元素。釹的舊譯。
nǎi:[míng]
huà xué yuán sù. nǚ de jiù yì.
nai:[ming]
hua xue yuan su. nu de jiu yi.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
嬭 [nǎi] [nai]—
[名 [ming]]
1. Breast (乳房 [ru fang]). Used interchangeably with 奶 [nai] (nǎi). As stated in Yupian (玉篇 [yu pian]), "Female" (女 [nu]) section: "" (nǎi) means "乳 [ru]" (rǔ, breast/milk).
2. Mother (母親 [mu qin]). As stated in Wang Niansun's (王念孫 [wang nian sun]) Guangya Shuzheng (廣雅疏證 [guang ya shu zheng]), Volume 6, Part 2, "Explanation of Relatives" (釋親 [shi qin]) section: "" (nǎi) means "母 [mu]" (mǔ, mother).
嬭：[名]
1.乳房。通「奶」。《玉篇．女部》：「嬭，乳也。」
2.母親。清．王念孫《廣雅疏證．卷六下．釋親》：「嬭，母也。」
nǎi:[míng]
1. rǔ fáng. tōng “nǎi” . < yù piān． nǚ bù>: “nǎi, rǔ yě.”
2. mǔ qīn. qīng． wáng niàn sūn < guǎng yǎ shū zhèng． juǎn liù xià． shì qīn>: “nǎi, mǔ yě.”
nai:[ming]
1. ru fang. tong "nai" . < yu pian. nu bu>: "nai, ru ye."
2. mu qin. qing. wang nian sun < guang ya shu zheng. juan liu xia. shi qin>: "nai, mu ye."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
奈 [nài] [nai]—
[動 [dong]] (Verb)
1. To be able to bear, endure, or withstand. Interchangeable with 「耐 [nai]」 (nài).
From Taiping Guangji, Volume 237, "Princess Tongchang" (《太平廣記 [tai ping guang ji]．卷二三七 [juan er san qi]．同昌公主 [tong chang gong zhu]》): "If it's slightly excessive, then the scorching, steaming heat (熇蒸之氣 [he zheng zhi qi]) cannot be endured."
2. To deal with, settle, or handle. Usually used with 「何 [he]」 (hé).
From Discourses of the States, "Discourses of Jin II" (《國語 [guo yu]．晉語二 [jin yu er]》): "My lord (吾君 [wu jun]) is old, the state (國家 [guo jia]) faces many difficulties, and the elder brother (伯氏 [bo shi]) has not returned. What can be done about my lord (吾君何 [wu jun he])?"
[連 [lian]] (Conjunction)
Expresses a tone of unexpected transition or turn of events.
For example: "Unfortunately (怎 [zen]), the planning was inadequate (計畫不周 [ji hua bu zhou]), which led to difficulties." "His nature is not bad, but unfortunately (無 [wu]) he was careless in choosing friends (交友不慎 [jiao you bu shen]) and was led astray (誤入歧途 [wu ru qi tu])."
奈：[動]
1.堪、經得起。通「耐」。《太平廣記．卷二三七．同昌公主》：「稍過度，則熇蒸之氣不可奈。」
2.對付、安頓、處置。通常與「何」連用。《國語．晉語二》：「吾君老矣，國家多難，伯氏不出，奈吾君何？」
[連]
表示意外轉折的語氣。如：「怎奈計畫不周，以致發生困難。」、「他本性不壞，無奈交友不慎，而誤入歧途。」
nài:[dòng]
1. kān,, jīng dé qǐ. tōng “nài” . < tài píng guǎng jì． juǎn èr sān qī． tóng chāng gōng zhǔ>: “shāo guò dù, zé hè zhēng zhī qì bù kě nài.”
2. duì fù,, ān dùn,, chù zhì. tōng cháng yǔ “hé” lián yòng. < guó yǔ． jìn yǔ èr>: “wú jūn lǎo yǐ, guó jiā duō nán, bó shì bù chū, nài wú jūn hé?”
[lián]
biǎo shì yì wài zhuǎn zhé de yǔ qì. rú: “zěn nài jì huà bù zhōu, yǐ zhì fā shēng kùn nán.” ,, “tā běn xìng bù huài, wú nài jiāo yǒu bù shèn, ér wù rù qí tú.”
nai:[dong]
1. kan,, jing de qi. tong "nai" . < tai ping guang ji. juan er san qi. tong chang gong zhu>: "shao guo du, ze he zheng zhi qi bu ke nai."
2. dui fu,, an dun,, chu zhi. tong chang yu "he" lian yong. < guo yu. jin yu er>: "wu jun lao yi, guo jia duo nan, bo shi bu chu, nai wu jun he?"
[lian]
biao shi yi wai zhuan zhe de yu qi. ru: "zen nai ji hua bu zhou, yi zhi fa sheng kun nan." ,, "ta ben xing bu huai, wu nai jiao you bu shen, er wu ru qi tu."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
柰 [nài] [nai]—
[Noun]
Botanical name. An ancient term for 'apple' (蘋果 [ping guo]), belonging to the genus Malus (蘋果屬 [ping guo shu]) of the Rosaceae (薔薇科 [qiang wei ke]) family. See the entry for 'apple' (蘋果 [ping guo]).
[Verb]
Interchangeable with '奈 [nai]' (nài). See the entry for '何 [he]' (nàihé).
柰：[名]
植物名。薔薇科蘋果屬，「蘋果」之古稱。參見「蘋果」條。
[動]
通「奈」。參見「柰何」條。
nài:[míng]
zhí wù míng. qiáng wēi kē píng guǒ shǔ, “píng guǒ” zhī gǔ chēng. cān jiàn “píng guǒ” tiáo.
[dòng]
tōng “nài” . cān jiàn “nài hé” tiáo.
nai:[ming]
zhi wu ming. qiang wei ke ping guo shu, "ping guo" zhi gu cheng. can jian "ping guo" tiao.
[dong]
tong "nai" . can jian "nai he" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
耐 [nài] [nai]—
[Verb]
To endure, to bear. For example: 「忍 [ren]」 (rěnnài - endure), 「吃苦勞 [chi ku lao]」 (chīkǔnàiláo - be able to bear hardships and work hard). Southern Tang's 「南唐 [nan tang]」 (Nán Táng) Li Yu's 「李煜 [li yu]」 (Lǐ Yù) ci poem "Lang Tao Sha - The Rain Outside the Curtains Drips" 「浪淘沙 [lang tao sha]．簾外雨潺潺 [lian wai yu chan chan]」 (Làng Táoshā. Liánwài Yǔ Chánchán): "The rain outside the curtains drips, spring is waning, the silk quilt cannot bear the cold of the fifth watch." 「簾外雨潺潺 [lian wai yu chan chan]，春意闌珊 [chun yi lan shan]，羅衾不五更寒 [luo qin bu wu geng han]。」
[Adverb]
Long-lasting, durable. For example: 「穿 [chuan]」 (nàichuān - durable for clothing), 「用 [yong]」 (nàiyòng - durable).
[Noun]
1. An ancient form of punishment 「刑罰 [xing fa]」 (xíngfá). A minor punishment where only the sideburns and beard were shaved, but not the hair. From "Book of Han" 「漢書 [han shu]」 (Hànshū), Volume 1, "Annals of Emperor Gaozu II" 「高帝紀下 [gao di ji xia]」 (Gāodì Jì Xià): "In spring, those palace attendants 「郎中 [lang zhong]」 (lángzhōng) who committed crimes of 'nài' 「」 or above were requested to be pardoned." 「春 [chun]，令郎中有罪以上 [ling lang zhong you zui yi shang]，請之 [qing zhi]。」
2. Ability, capability. For example: 「能 [neng]」 (néngnài - ability, skill).
耐：[動]
忍受、承受。如：「忍耐」、「吃苦耐勞」。南唐．李煜〈浪淘沙．簾外雨潺潺〉詞：「簾外雨潺潺，春意闌珊，羅衾不耐五更寒。」
[副]
經久、持久。如：「耐穿」、「耐用」。
[名]
1.古代的一種刑罰。只剃去鬢鬚而不剃髮的輕刑。《漢書．卷一．高帝紀下》：「春，令郎中有罪耐以上，請之。」
2.本事。如：「能耐」。
nài:[dòng]
rěn shòu,, chéng shòu. rú: “rěn nài” ,, “chī kǔ nài láo” . nán táng． lǐ yù 〈làng táo shā． lián wài yǔ chán chán〉 cí: “lián wài yǔ chán chán, chūn yì lán shān, luó qīn bù nài wǔ gèng hán.”
[fù]
jīng jiǔ,, chí jiǔ. rú: “nài chuān” ,, “nài yòng” .
[míng]
1. gǔ dài de yī zhǒng xíng fá. zhǐ tì qù bìn xū ér bù tì fà de qīng xíng. < hàn shū． juǎn yī． gāo dì jì xià>: “chūn, lìng láng zhōng yǒu zuì nài yǐ shàng, qǐng zhī.”
2. běn shì. rú: “néng nài” .
nai:[dong]
ren shou,, cheng shou. ru: "ren nai" ,, "chi ku nai lao" . nan tang. li yu
[fu]
jing jiu,, chi jiu. ru: "nai chuan" ,, "nai yong" .
[ming]
1. gu dai de yi zhong xing fa. zhi ti qu bin xu er bu ti fa de qing xing. < han shu. juan yi. gao di ji xia>: "chun, ling lang zhong you zui nai yi shang, qing zhi."
2. ben shi. ru: "neng nai" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
鼐 [nài] [nai]—
[Noun]
A large `鼎 [ding]` (dǐng - cauldron). `《爾雅 [er ya]．釋器 [shi qi]》` (Er Ya, Chapter on Vessels): "A `鼎 [ding]` (dǐng - cauldron) that is exceptionally large is called `` (nài)." `《詩經 [shi jing]．周頌 [zhou song]．絲衣 [si yi]》` (Classic of Poetry, Odes of Zhou, 'Silk Robe'): "`鼎 [ding]` (nài dǐng - `` cauldron) and `鼒 [zi]` (zī - `zī` cauldron)." `漢 [han]．毛亨 [mao heng]．傳 [chuan]` (Han Dynasty, Mao Heng's Commentary): "A large `鼎 [ding]` (dǐng - cauldron) is called `` (nài)." `《宋史 [song shi]．卷一 [juan yi]○四 [si]．禮志七 [li zhi qi]》` (History of Song, Volume 104, Rites Chapter 7): "In the eighth year, following the words of a `方士 [fang shi]` (fāngshì - Daoist alchemist), the `神霄九鼎 [shen xiao jiu ding]` (Shénxiāo Jiǔdǐng - Nine Cauldrons of Divine Heaven) were cast and completed, named `太極飛雲洞劫之 [tai ji fei yun dong jie zhi]` (Tàijí Fēiyún Dòngjié zhī Nài - Cauldron of the Great Ultimate Flying Clouds and Cave Calamity) and `蒼壺祀天貯醇酒之鼎 [cang hu si tian zhu chun jiu zhi ding]` (Cānghú Sìtiān Zhùchúnjiǔ zhī Dǐng - Cauldron of the Azure Pot for Worshipping Heaven and Storing Fine Wine)."
鼐：[名]
大鼎。《爾雅．釋器》：「鼎絕大謂之鼐。」《詩經．周頌．絲衣》：「鼐鼎及鼒。」漢．毛亨．傳：「大鼎謂之鼐。」《宋史．卷一○四．禮志七》：「八年，用方士言，鑄神霄九鼎成，曰太極飛雲洞劫之鼐、蒼壺祀天貯醇酒之鼎。」
nài:[míng]
dà dǐng. < ěr yǎ． shì qì>: “dǐng jué dà wèi zhī nài.” < shī jīng． zhōu sòng． sī yī>: “nài dǐng jí zī.” hàn． máo hēng． chuán: “dà dǐng wèi zhī nài.” < sòng shǐ． juǎn yī○sì． lǐ zhì qī>: “bā nián, yòng fāng shì yán, zhù shén xiāo jiǔ dǐng chéng, yuē tài jí fēi yún dòng jié zhī nài,, cāng hú sì tiān zhù chún jiǔ zhī dǐng.”
nai:[ming]
da ding. < er ya. shi qi>: "ding jue da wei zhi nai." < shi jing. zhou song. si yi>: "nai ding ji zi." han. mao heng. chuan: "da ding wei zhi nai." < song shi. juan yi○si. li zhi qi>: "ba nian, yong fang shi yan, zhu shen xiao jiu ding cheng, yue tai ji fei yun dong jie zhi nai,, cang hu si tian zhu chun jiu zhi ding."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
褦 [nài] [nai]—
See the entry for '襶 [dai]'.
褦：參見「褦襶」條。
nài: cān jiàn “nài dài” tiáo.
nai: can jian "nai dai" tiao.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
妳 [nǎi] [nai]—
[Noun]
Mother. From Song Dynasty (宋 [song]) work, Liang Kejia’s (梁克家 [liang ke jia]) Chunxi Sanshan Zhi (淳熙三山志 [chun xi san shan zhi]), Volume 40 (卷四 [juan si]○), "Local Customs Category Two" (土俗類二 [tu su lei er]), [missing character] "Time. New Year's Day" (時 [shi]．元日 [yuan ri]): "Order of bowing (序拜 [xu bai]): ...Lower-class households (下戶 [xia hu]) of farmers (農 [nong]) and peddlers (販 [fan]): '罷 [ba]' (bà) is used to call father (呼父 [hu fu]), '' (nǐ) is used to call mother (呼母 [hu mu]). Their peers (黨類 [dang lei]) and those below them (巳下 [si xia]) are called '叔 [shu]' (shū, uncle), '伯 [bo]' (bó, elder uncle), or '嫂 [sao]' (sǎo, sister-in-law)." From Yuan Dynasty (元 [yuan]) work, Xiao Dexiang’s (蕭德祥 [xiao de xiang]) Killing a Dog to Advise a Husband (殺狗勸夫 [sha gou quan fu]), Act 1 (第一折 [di yi zhe]): "Now, '爹爹 [die die]' (diēdiē, daddy) and '' (nǐnǐ, mommy) are both completely gone (亡盡 [wang jin]). I only wish (但願 [dan yuan]) '哥哥 [ge ge]' (gēge, elder brother) and '嫂嫂 [sao sao]' (sǎosao, sister-in-law) would not be angry (休嗔忿 [xiu chen fen])."
[Pronoun]
Used as a second-person pronoun (第二人稱 [di er ren cheng]) for females (女性 [nu xing]).
妳：[名]
母。宋．梁克家《淳熙三山志．卷四○．土俗類二．&f2f82_.png;時．元日》：「序拜：……農、販下戶：『罷』呼父，『妳』呼母，其黨類及在巳下，呼之曰『叔』、『伯』，曰『嫂』。」元． 蕭德祥《殺狗勸夫》第一折：「現如今爹爹、妳妳都亡盡，但願哥哥、嫂嫂休嗔忿。」
[代]
用於女性的第二人稱。
nǎi:[míng]
mǔ. sòng． liáng kè jiā < chún xī sān shān zhì． juǎn sì○． tǔ sú lèi èr．&f2f82_.png; shí． yuán rì>: “xù bài:……nóng,, fàn xià hù: ‘bà’ hū fù, ‘nǎi’ hū mǔ, qí dǎng lèi jí zài sì xià, hū zhī yuē ‘shū’ ,, ‘bó’ , yuē ‘sǎo’ .” yuán． xiāo dé xiáng < shā gǒu quàn fū> dì yī zhé: “xiàn rú jīn diē diē,, nǎi nǎi dōu wáng jǐn, dàn yuàn gē gē,, sǎo sǎo xiū chēn fèn.”
[dài]
yòng yú nǚ xìng de dì èr rén chēng.
nai:[ming]
mu. song. liang ke jia < chun xi san shan zhi. juan si○. tu su lei er.&f2f82_.png; shi. yuan ri>: "xu bai:......nong,, fan xia hu: 'ba' hu fu, 'nai' hu mu, qi dang lei ji zai si xia, hu zhi yue 'shu' ,, 'bo' , yue 'sao' ." yuan. xiao de xiang < sha gou quan fu> di yi zhe: "xian ru jin die die,, nai nai dou wang jin, dan yuan ge ge,, sao sao xiu chen fen."
[dai]
yong yu nu xing de di er ren cheng.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
耏 [nài] [nai]—
1. Facial hair on the cheeks (頰 [jia]).
From Book of Later Han (後漢書 [hou han shu]), Volume 3, Annals of Emperor Suzong Xiaozhang: "North of the desert, west of the Pamir Mountains (蔥嶺 [cong ling]), people with beards (冒 [mao]) trek over dangerous passes." From New Book of Tang (新唐書 [xin tang shu]), Volume 221, Biography of the Western Regions (Part 2), Biography of Persia: "On the evening of the sacrifice, they use musk (麝 [she]) mixed with balsam (蘇 [su]) to anoint their beards, faces (顏 [yan]), noses (鼻 [bi]), and ears (耳 [er])."
2. A surname (姓 [xing]). For example, in the Han Dynasty (漢代 [han dai]) there was Er Zhi (跖 [zhi]).
耏：[名]
1.頰上的鬚毛。《後漢書．卷三．肅宗孝章帝紀》：「沙漠之北，蔥嶺之西，冒耏之類，跋涉懸度。」《新唐書．卷二二一．西域傳下．波斯傳》：「祠夕，以麝揉蘇，澤耏顏鼻耳。」
2.姓。如漢代有耏跖。
nài:[míng]
1. jiá shàng de xū máo. < hòu hàn shū． juǎn sān． sù zōng xiào zhāng dì jì>: “shā mò zhī běi, cōng lǐng zhī xī, mào nài zhī lèi, bá shè xuán dù.” < xīn táng shū． juǎn èr èr yī． xī yù chuán xià． bō sī chuán>: “cí xī, yǐ shè róu sū, zé nài yán bí ěr.”
2. xìng. rú hàn dài yǒu nài zhí.
nai:[ming]
1. jia shang de xu mao. < hou han shu. juan san. su zong xiao zhang di ji>: "sha mo zhi bei, cong ling zhi xi, mao nai zhi lei, ba she xuan du." < xin tang shu. juan er er yi. xi yu chuan xia. bo si chuan>: "ci xi, yi she rou su, ze nai yan bi er."
2. xing. ru han dai you nai zhi.
1) 耐 ts = nài p refers to [verb] “to endure; to bear; to be patient”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '耐 [nai]'; Guoyu '耐 [nai]' v; Kroll 2015 '耐 [nai]' 1, p. 318; Unihan '耐 [nai]').
2) 耐 ts = nài p refers to [noun] “ability”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: As a variant of 能 [neng] (Guoyu '耐 [nai]' n 2; Kroll 2015 '耐 [nai]' néng, p. 318)..
3) 耐 ts = nài p refers to [adverb] “enduring; lasting”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '耐 [nai]'; Guoyu '耐 [nai]' adv)..
4) 耐 ts = nài p refers to [adverb] “only”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Kroll 2015 '耐 [nai]' 2, p. 318)..
5) 耐 ts = nài p refers to [noun] “punishment by shaving the beard”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '耐 [nai]' n 1; Kroll 2015 '耐 [nai]' 3, p. 318)..
6) 嬭 ts = nǎi p refers to [noun] “milk”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Variant of 奶 [nai] (Unihan '嬭 [nai]')..
7) 嬭 ts = nǎi p refers to [verb] “to suckle”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Variant of 奶 [nai] (Unihan '嬭 [nai]')..
8) 嬭 ts = nǎi p refers to [noun] “breasts”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Variant of 奶 [nai] (Unihan '嬭 [nai]')..
9) 㮈 ts = nài p refers to [conjunction] “but”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '㮈 [nai]')..
10) 㮈 ts = nài p refers to [pronoun] “how”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '㮈 [nai]')..
11) 㮈 ts = nài p refers to [pronoun] “what”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '㮈 [nai]')..
12) 㮈 ts = nài p refers to [noun] “a remedy; a resource”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '㮈 [nai]')..
13) 㮈 ts = nài p refers to [verb] “to bear; to endure”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Unihan '㮈 [nai]')..
14) 乃 ts = nǎi p refers to [adverb] “thus; so; therefore; then; only; thereupon”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Function Words; Notes: In the sense of 于是 [yu shi] (CCD '乃 [nai]' 2; FE '乃 [nai]' 4)..
15) 乃 ts = nǎi p refers to [verb] “to be”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Function Words; Notes: In the sense of 是 [shi] (CCD '乃 [nai]' 1; FE '乃 [nai]' 1)..
16) 乃 ts = nǎi p refers to [pronoun] “you; yours”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Used as a singular second person pronoun in preclassical Chinese (CCD '乃 [nai]' 3; FE '乃 [nai]' 5; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 77)...
17) 乃 ts = nǎi p refers to [adverb] “also; moreover”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Function Words; Notes: (FE '乃 [nai]' 3)..
18) 乃 ts = nǎi p refers to [conjunction] “however; but”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Function Words; Notes: (FE '乃 [nai]' 2)..
19) 乃 ts = nǎi p refers to [conjunction] “if”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu] , Subdomain: Function Words; Notes: (FE '乃 [nai]' 2)..
20) 奈 ts = nài p refers to [conjunction] “how”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: Usually, used together with 何 [he], as in 奈何 [nai he] 'what is it like' or 无奈何 [wu nai he] 'nothing can be done about ...' (Guoyu '奈 [nai]' conj; Kroll 2015 '奈 [nai]' 1; Unihan '奈 [nai]')..
21) 奈 ts = nài p refers to [verb] “to endure; to bear; to stand”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: (Guoyu '奈 [nai]' v 1; Unihan '奈 [nai]')..
22) 奈 ts = nài p refers to [verb] “to handle; to deal with”; Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文 [wen yan wen]; Notes: In the sense of 对付 [dui fu] (Guoyu '奈 [nai]' v 2)..
1) 耐 [nài] refers to: “endure”.
耐 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 忍; 忍辱; 能堪忍.
[Sanskrit] marṣayati; marṣaṇā.
[Tibetan] bzod par byed pa; ji mi snyam pa; mi mjed pa.
[Vietnamese] nại.
[Korean] 내 / nae.
[Japanese] タイ / tai.
2) 迺 [nǎi] refers to: “extend to”.
迺 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] nãi.
[Korean] 내 / nae.
[Japanese] ナイ / スナワチ.
3) 奈 [nài] refers to: “how? what?”.
奈 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 作麼.
[Vietnamese] nại.
[Korean] 내 / nae.
[Japanese] ナ / na.
4) 柰 [nài] refers to: “mango”.
柰 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 菴摩洛迦; 菴摩羅; 菴摩羅迦; 菴沒羅; 菴羅; 阿摩洛迦.
[Vietnamese] nại.
[Korean] 내 / nae.
[Japanese] ナ / na.
5) 乃 [nǎi] refers to: “then”.
乃 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 乃復; 則; 則乃; 爾乃; 爾能; 輒復.
[Vietnamese] nãi.
[Korean] 내 / nae.
[Japanese] スナワチ / ナイ.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+20): Nai bin shan li dou, Nai habarala, Nai han xun zi, Nai hua, Nai kadugu, Nai koppu, Nai manjal, Nai sang, Nai tulasi, Nai tung, Nai-cheru, Naibaddhaka, Naibhritya, Naibidya, Naiccantu, Naicitya, Naidagha, Naidana, Naideshika, Naidhana.
Full-text (+5313): Nai nu, Naihshreyasa, Nai zhi, Nai he, Naili, Wu nai, Nai shi, Naishthika, Nai xi, Naivedya, Naimisha, Naistrimshika, Naihsnehya, Bo luo nai, Naihsvya, Bu nai fan, Nai jiu, Naipunya, Naihsvabhavya, Bo luo nai si.
Relevant text
Search found 106 books and stories containing Nai, Gnai, Naai, Naī, Nāī, Nāi, Ṇai, Ṇaī, Ṇāi, Ñai, Ṉai, Nài, Nǎi, Nái, Nãi, Nại, 乃, 倷, 奈, 奶, 妳, 嬭, 孻, 廼, 柰, 氖, 耏, 耐, 艿, 萘, 螚, 褦, 迺, 釢, 錼, 鼐, 㮈; (plurals include: Nais, Gnais, Naais, Naīs, Nāīs, Nāis, Ṇais, Ṇaīs, Ṇāis, Ñais, Ṉais, Nàis, Nǎis, Náis, Nãis, Nạis). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Chapter 19: The Chapter on Responses and Inspirations < [Part 158 - Karunapundarika-sutra (unkown translator)]
Chapter 94: The Four Friends from Varanasi < [Part 190 - The Abhinishkramana-sutra]
Chapter 95: The Five Hundred Merchants and the River Bhaddiya < [Part 190 - The Abhinishkramana-sutra]
Preksha meditation: History and Methods (by Samani Pratibha Pragya)
Appendix 1 - Mūlapāṭha of Jayācārya’s Texts, etc.
3.1.4. Meditation on the Results of Karma (vipāka) < [Chapter 3 - The History of Meditation in Terāpanth]
Bibliography I: Primary-Literature including Sanskrit-, Other Prakrit-and Pālī-Literature
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Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary) (by Vijay K. Jain)