Murkha, Mūrkha: 19 definitions

Introduction:

Murkha means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Murkh.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: Ancient Science of Life: Snake bite treatment in Prayoga samuccayam

Mūrkha (मूर्ख) refers to “hooded snakes” (having 26 varietes), according to the 20th century Prayogasamuccaya (one of the most popular and widely practised book in toxicology in Malayalam).—Snakes are divided into four categories. The Mūrkha family (hooded) with 26 varieties, Maṇḍali (viperine) family with 16 varieties, Rājila (Krait) with 13 varieties and Ventira (cross breeds) with 21 types. Snakes are again divided into 4 kulas (families). The specific distinguishing features, diet, place of dwelling, time of travel, direction of vision of each family are explained in detail.

Ayurveda book cover
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Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Mūrkha (मूर्ख) refers to a “fool”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.25 (“The seven celestial sages test Pārvatī”).—Accordingly, as the seven Sages said (with false words) to Pārvatī: “[...] Nārada is a quibbler. He misleads others. If his words are paid heed to, you stand to lose in every respect. [...] You too who are honoured by the wise have followed his advice and thus become a fool [i.e., mūrkhī-bhūta]. That is why you are performing this severe penance. O young lady, He, for whose sake you are performing this elaborate penance is a perpetually indifferent person of no emotional disturbance. Undoubtedly He is an enemy of Kāma. [...]”.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Mūrkha (मूर्ख) refers to “imbeciles”, according to the Jayadrathayāmala, Ṣaṭka 1 verse 13.3–18::—Accordingly, “[...] [And], O Goddess, [the Śivadharmadīkṣā] has two forms: in Śaiva scriptures the division of initiation is called that without the seed and that with the seed. The Ācārya performs the [initiation] which contains the duty to perform post-initiatory rites purified for children, imbeciles (mūrkha), those whose limbs suffered trauma, deaf people, women, people who are suffering from chronic illness and kings and renouncers who are extremely devoted [to Śiva]; this [initiation] is the nirbījā. [...]”.

Shaivism book cover
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Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Mūrkha (मूर्ख) refers to “ignorant men”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 16) (“On the planets—graha-bhaktiyoga”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “Ketu presides over mountains, fortified cities, the countries of Pahlava, Śveta, Hūṇa; Colā, Avagāṇa, Maru, Cīna (China) and the land of the Mlecchas; over rich men, men of note, men of industry and valour; over men coveting the wives of others, men prying into the secrets of other men, haughty men, ignorant men (mūrkha), sinners and persons fond of victory. [...]”.

Jyotisha book cover
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Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Mūrkha (मूर्ख) refers to a “fool”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Fool [com.—mūrkha] , having formed a delight in pleasure which is produced by the objects of the senses [and is] continually transitory, the three worlds are destroyed”.

Synonyms: Mūḍha.

General definition book cover
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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

mūrkha (मूर्ख).—a (S) Unlearned or ignorant: also dull, stupid, foolish. Pr. mūrkhāpuḍhēṃ kahāṇī Expresses fruitless or unwise labor or endeavor. Pr. mūrkhāśīṃ bōdha karitāṃ śrama hōya vāṇī; or mūrkhācī sārī rāta śāhaṇyācī ēka bāta Sapienti verbum sat &c. Some compounds are mūrkhamaṇḍaḷī, mūrkhamāḷā, mūkhasaṅgatī, mūrkha- sahavāsa, mūrkhasambhāṣaṇa, mūrkhasēvā, mūrkhabājāra, mūrkhōpadēśa, mūrkhajanasaṃsarga, mūrkhajanasaṃvāda.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

mūrkha (मूर्ख).—a Unlearned; foolish, stupid. mūrkhā- puḍhēṃ kahāṇī Fruitless or unwise labour.

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Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Mūrkha (मूर्ख).—a. Stupid, dull-headed, foolish, silly.

-rkhaḥ 1 A fool, blockhead; न तु प्रतिनिविष्टमूर्खजनचित्तमाराधयेत् (na tu pratiniviṣṭamūrkhajanacittamārādhayet) Bhartṛhari 2.5,8; मूर्ख बलादपराधिनं मां प्रतिपादयिष्यसि (mūrkha balādaparādhinaṃ māṃ pratipādayiṣyasi) V.2; मूर्खोऽपि शोभते तावद्या- वत्किंचिन्न भाषते (mūrkho'pi śobhate tāvadyā- vatkiṃcinna bhāṣate) H.

2) A kind of bean.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Mūrkha (मूर्ख).—mfn.

(-rkhaḥ-rkhā-rkhaṃ) Foolish, ignorant, stupid, idiotic. m.

(-rkhaḥ) A sort of bean, (Phaseolus radiatus.) E. mūrkha substituted for muh to be foolish, aff. ac; or mur substituted for the root, with kha Unadi aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Mūrkha (मूर्ख).—i. e. murch + a, m. A fool, a blockhead, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] 33, 2.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Mūrkha (मूर्ख).—[adjective] stupid, dull, silly; inexperienced in ([locative]); [masculine] fool, blockhead.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

Mūrkha (मूर्ख) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—poet. [Subhāshitāvali by Vallabhadeva] (the same stanza attributed to Mūrta in Śp.).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Mūrkha (मूर्ख):—[from mūrch] a mf(ā)n. stupid, foolish, silly, dull, [Taittirīya-saṃhitā; Manu-smṛti] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] inexperienced in ([locative case]), [Kathāsaritsāgara]

3) [v.s. ...] = gayatrī-rahita or sārtha-gāyatrī-rahita, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

4) [v.s. ...] m. a fool, blockhead, [Bhartṛhari]

5) [v.s. ...] Phaseolus Radiatus, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

6) [v.s. ...] Name of a poet, [Catalogue(s)]

7) b etc. See p. 823, col. 3.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Mūrkha (मूर्ख):—[(rkhaḥ-rkhā-rkhaṃ) a.] Foolish, stupid. m. A sort of bean.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Mūrkha (मूर्ख) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Mukkha.

[Sanskrit to German]

Murkha in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Mūrkha (मूर्ख) [Also spelled murkh]:—(a) foolish, stupid, idiot, dullard, silly, dolt, booby; ~[maṃḍalī] an assembly of fools, a group of idiots; —[banānā] to befool.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Mūrkha (ಮೂರ್ಖ):—

1) [adjective] showing a lack of sense; unwise; foolish.

2) [adjective] lacking forethought or caution.

3) [adjective] not heeding to or arrogantly disregarding, advice.

--- OR ---

Mūrkha (ಮೂರ್ಖ):—

1) [noun] a man lacking good sense; a fool.

2) [noun] a man lacking forethought; a fool.

3) [noun] an arrogant man who disregards good advice; a fool.

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Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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