Mandaka, Maṇḍaka, Mandāka, Mamdaka: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Mandaka means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstraMaṇḍaka (मण्डक) is the Sanskrit name of one of Bharata’s sons, mentioned in the Nāṭyaśāstra 1.26-33. After Brahmā created the Nāṭyaveda (nāṭyaśāstra), he ordered Bharata to teach the science to his (one hundred) sons. Bharata thus learned the Nāṭyaveda from Brahmā, and then made his sons study and learn its proper application. After their study, Bharata assigned his sons (eg., Maṇḍaka) various roles suitable to them.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: Wisdom Library: Skanda-puranaMaṇḍaka (मण्डक) refers to a “thin flat circular cake-like dish” and is mentioned in the Skandapurāṇa 2.5.9.—Accordingly, as Brahmā asked Śrī Bhagavān, “O Lord, tell me the procedure for Naivedya (food-offering) as it is actually practised. State fully how many kinds of cooked food are desired and what are the side dishes etc.? Śrī Bhagavān said: ‘[...] I shall state fully the (varieties) of food, drinks etc. and side dishes as well. [...] Maṇḍakas (a thin flat circular cake-like dish) beautiful, circular, even and symmetrical everywhere like (the arithmetical figure for) zero, along with boiled milk mixed with sugar should be kept therein. [...]”.
Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia1) Maṇḍaka (मण्डक).—One of the sons born to the Yakṣa Maṇibhadra of his wife Puṇyajanī.
2) Maṇḍaka (मण्डक).—A place of habitation of Purāṇic fame in ancient India. (Śloka 43, Chapter 9, Bhīṣma Parva).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexMandaka (मन्दक).—A son of Śrīdevā and Vasudeva.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 71. 181.
Mandaka (मन्दक) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. VI.10.42) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Mandaka) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)
Source: Shodhganga: Dietetics and culinary art in ancient and medieval IndiaMaṇḍaka (मण्डक) is the name of “wheat dish” having Samita as its base ingredient, as described in the 17th century Bhojanakutūhala (dravyaguṇāguṇa-kathana), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.
(Ingredients of Maṇḍaka): samita and water. (Cooking instructions): Soften the samita with water and make balls out of it. Spread these balls into thin cakes. Cook these on an upturned pot in low flame. This is called maṇḍaka. (Notes): According to Raghunātha, this dish should be savoured with milk, candied sugar and ghee, with cooked meat or with vaṭa immersed in buttermilk.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: archive.org: Naisadhacarita of SriharsaMaṇḍaka (मण्डक) refers to a kind of thin cake, and is mentioned in the Naiṣadha-carita 16.107.—Apte refers to Marathi Māṃḍe. Kāśīkhaṇḍa (80.49 of Uttarārdha) refers to Maṇḍakas mixed with mango juice (“sacūtarasamaṇḍakāḥ”). Jñānārṇava-tantra 5.20 refers to Maṇḍakas seasoned with sugar and “wrapped in birch bark” (?). Abhayatilaka on Dvyāśrayakāvya 3.140 explains maṇḍaka as polikā.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraMaṇḍaka (मण्डक) refers to “flour-cakes”, according to chapter 3.1 [sambhava-jina-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—Note: The editor of the text takes this to be the Gujarati māṇḍā, “a large thin cake made of millet and wheat flour” (Shah); “sweetmeat balls” (Mehta).
Accordingly: “[...] Rice that resembled lotuses with its fragrance to be absorbed by the nose; green gram bigger than grains of black gram; bowls of liquid; various sauces abundant and thick like the waters of Ghṛtoda, friends of nectar as it were; flour-cakes (i.e., maṇḍaka) mixed with candied sugar; delightful sweetmeats; fruit with pleasant flavor; pastries adorned with candied sugar; very tender marmarāla; delicate cakes fried in oil and butter; a savory sauce; smooth curdled milk; boiled milk; and curds with sugar and spices which destroyed hunger—these were prepared for the laymen’s meals, like meals for the King”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryMaṇḍaka.—(SITI), same as maṇḍapa. Note: maṇḍaka is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryMaṇḍaka, (fr. maṇḍa) 1. the cream of the milk, whey, in dadhi° whey S. II, 111.—2. the scum of stagnant water, i.e. anything that floats on the surface & dirties the water, water-weeds, moss etc. J. II, 304 (gloss sevāla). (Page 516)
— or —
Mandaka, (?) according to Kern, Toev. s. v. =*mandra (of sound: deep, bass)+ka; a sort of drum J. VI, 580. (Page 523)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarymaṇḍaka (मंडक).—m S A preparation of wheaten flour. See the derivative māṇḍā.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryMaṇḍaka (मण्डक).—
1) A kind of baked flour.
2) A very thin kind of cake (Mar. māṃḍe); पयःस्मिता मण्डकमण्डनाम्बरा (payaḥsmitā maṇḍakamaṇḍanāmbarā) N. 16.17.
3) A particular musical air.
Derivable forms: maṇḍakaḥ (मण्डकः).
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Mandaka (मन्दक).—a.
1) Simple, silly, foolish.
2) One without any feeling (vikāra); Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.35.37 (com. mandakaḥ rāga- dveṣamānāpamānaśūnyaḥ).
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Mandāka (मन्दाक).—
1) A current, stream.
2) Praise.
Derivable forms: mandākaḥ (मन्दाकः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryMaṇḍaka (मण्डक).—(1) doubtless error for mandaka = manda, sluggish, indolent: Lalitavistara 143.11 (prose) (kiṃ vayaṃ) maṇḍa- kasyopasthānaṃ (v.l. maṇḍasyo°) kariṣyāma iti; con- firmed in meaning Tibetan; and no other meaning seems possible in context; (2) for maṇḍaka Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 52.1 read maṇḍuka (or less likely maḍḍuka).
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Mandaka (मन्दक).—name of a yakṣa: Mahā-Māyūrī 69. (See also maṇḍaka 1.)
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryMandāka (मन्दाक).—n.
(-kaṃ) 1. Praising, praise. 2. A stream, a current. E. mand to praise, ākan Unadi aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryMaṇḍaka (मण्डक).—[maṇḍa + ka], m. A kind of pastry, [Pañcatantra] 245, 24 (see my translation, n. 1387).
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Mandāka (मन्दाक).—n. A current, a stream.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryMaṇḍaka (मण्डक).—(adj. —°) [feminine] ikā = [preceding]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Maṇḍaka (मण्डक):—[from maṇḍ] (ifc., with f(ikā). ), rice-gruel, [Harivaṃśa]
2) [v.s. ...] m. a sort of pastry or baked flour, [Pañcatantra; Śukasaptati; Bhāvaprakāśa] (cf. maṇṭhaka)
3) [v.s. ...] a [particular] musical air, [Saṃgīta-sārasaṃgraha] (cf. idem)
4) [v.s. ...] [plural] Name of a people, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa] (cf. mandaka).
5) Mandaka (मन्दक):—[from mad] mfn. simple, silly, foolish, [Mahābhārata]
6) [v.s. ...] scanty, little, [Patañjali]
7) [v.s. ...] [plural] Name of a people, [Mahābhārata] (cf. maṇḍaka).
8) Mandāka (मन्दाक):—[from mad] a n. praising, praise, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) [v.s. ...] a stream, current ([according to] to [Uṇādi-sūtra iv, 13 fr.] √mand + aka; but [probably] an artificial word to explain the next).
10) b kinī, mandākrānta, mandāra etc. See [columns] 1 and 2.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryMandāka (मन्दाक):—[mandā+ka] (kaṃ) 1. n. Praising, praise.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Maṇḍaka (मण्डक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Maṃḍaa, Maḍaga, Maṃḍaga, Maṃḍāvaya, Maṃdaga, Maṃdaya.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusMaṃḍaka (ಮಂಡಕ):—[noun] = ಮಂಡಿಗೆ [mamdige].
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Maṃḍaka (ಮಂಡಕ):—[noun] a mode of saluting holding one’s ears, kneeling before and touching the forehead to the ground.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Mamdakaballi, Mamdakali, Mamdakatti, Mandaka balli, Mandakaali, Mandakala, Mandakaladhvani, Mandakanta, Mandakanti, Mandakappa, Mandakarin, Mandakarman, Mandakarna, Mandakarni, Mantaka-paticelavu, Mantakam, Mantakanni, Mantakannicam, Mantakappati.
Ends with: Adityamandaka, Amandaka, Angaramandaka, Bhaktamandaka, Dadhimandaka, Hemandaka, Kamandaka, Khandakushmandaka, Kushmandaka, Labujamandaka, Samandaka, Vasakhandakushmandaka.
Full-text (+2): Mandaya, Mandika, Mandaga, Manda, Mandaka balli, Mandakini, Mandavaya, Pratimanthaka, Mamdaa, Madaga, Madduka, Dadhimandaka, Bhaktamandaka, Mantakam, Mukhamandapa, Manthaka, Gomantha, Patrika, Sohala, Pahalika.
Relevant text
Search found 21 books and stories containing Mandaka, Maṇḍaka, Mandāka, Mamdaka, Maṃḍaka; (plurals include: Mandakas, Maṇḍakas, Mandākas, Mamdakas, Maṃḍakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 9 - The Procedure for Naivedya < [Section 5 - Mārgaśīrṣa-māhātmya]
Chapter 14 - The Greatness of Catussamudra < [Section 1 - Avantīkṣetra-māhātmya]
Chapter 23 - Lohāsura Devastates Dharmāraṇya < [Section 2 - Dharmāraṇya-khaṇḍa]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Part 10 - Why is the Buddha called Śāstā Devamanuṣyāṇām < [Chapter IV - Explanation of the Word Bhagavat]
Atharvaveda and Charaka Samhita (by Laxmi Maji)
Visarpa (erysipelas) according to Caraka < [Chapter 4 - Diseases and Remedial measures (described in Caraka-saṃhitā)]
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Appendix 2.3: new and rare words < [Appendices]
Part 1: Incarnation as Vipulavāhana (introduction) < [Chapter I - Sambhavajinacaritra]
Part 4: Conversion of the Gautamas and other Brāhmans < [Chapter V - Mahāvīra’s omniscience and the originating of the fourfold congregation]
The Devi Bhagavata Purana (by Swami Vijñanananda)
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)