Likhita: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Likhita means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Likhit.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) Likhita (लिखित).—An ancient sage. The King of that land cut off his hands on a charge of theft. But they grew into their original form by the power of the penance of his brother, (Chapter 23, Śānti Parva).
It was a time when the celebrated King Sudyumna was ruling over the country. On the banks of the river Bāhudā in that country there lived two sages, Śaṅkha and Likhita, in two separate hermitages of their own. Once Likhita went to the āśrama of his elder brother Śaṅkha and finding none but feeling hungry took some vegetables from there and started eating them. While he was eating his brother walked in and he deemed the action of his brother taking the vegetables without his permission as an act of theft. Cutting the hands of the culprit was the punishment accorded by the King at that time to the offender. Śaṅkha sent Likhita to the King. The King received the sage respecifully and gave him a seat. The sage then told him all that had happened and then Sudyumna ordered the hands of Likhita to be cut off. Blood was oozing from his hands when Likhita went and bowed before his brother. The brother congratulated him on his accepting the punishment for his crime and asked Likhita to go and take a dip in the Bāhudā river. Likhita bathed in that holy river and then he found both the hands growing like lotus-buds from his body. He rushed to his brother and showed him the hands and then Śaṅkha said that it was due to the power of his penance that Likhita got his hands. Then Likhita asked his brother why he did not purify him by his power before. Śaṅkha replied that the power of punishing was vested in the King and the King Sudyumna had become great by executing the law correctly.
2) Likhita (लिखित).—An evil-natured priest of Haṃsadhvaja, the King of Campakapurī. Śaṅkha his brother also was the King’s priest. Haṃsadhvaja blocked the sacrificial horse of the Aśvamedha yajña of Dharmaputra and Arjuna attacked the King to get the horse released. To mobilise an army the King announced that each and every soldier should assemble at the place by day-break the next morning and added that those who disobeyed would be put in burning oil.
2) By early morning the next day all the soldiers excepting the son of the King arrived at the palace. Sudhanvā, the King’s son, was a general of the army and his absence annoyed the King. Haṃsadhvaja was hesitating whether his son should be punished when Likhita advised the King to execute the punishment.
2) The King put Sudhanvā into a big cauldron of boiling oil but Sudhanvā escaped from it unscathed to the surprise of all. Likhita and Śaṅkha said that Sudhanvā escaped because the boiling of the oil was incomplete and uneven. So they boiled the oil again and threw Sudhanvā into it. At this moment a huge palm tree split into two and fell on them and they were killed. (Jaimini Aśvamedhaparva).
Likhita (लिखित).—A son of Jaigīṣavya and Ekapāṭalā.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 10. 21; Vāyu-purāṇa 72. 19.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
1) Likhita (लिखित) refers to “inscribing” (the sky), according to Bāṇa’s Kādambarī (p. 224).—Accordingly, “[From afar] Candrāpīḍa first sees a ‘crimson ensign’, inscribing (likhita) the sky with a gold trident, from which swung a terrifying bell making a raucous clanging that dangled down from an iron chain attached to the tip, arranged with a yak-tail whisk as splendid as a lion’s mane”.
2) Likhita (लिखित) refers to “writting down (a particular doctrine)”, according to Bāṇa’s Kādambarī (p. 226).—There are apparently several Tantric rites that Bāṇa pejoratively associates with the priest: [...] “he had written down (likhita) the [work known as ] the ‘Doctrine of Mahākāla’ instructed to him by a withered Mahāpāśupata mendicant”; “he was one in whom the disease of talking about [finding] treasure had arisen”; “in him the wind [disease] of alchemy had grown”; “he entertained the deluded desire of becoming the lover of a Yakṣa maiden”.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Likhita (लिखित) refers to “(having been) mentioned”, according to Śivānandasarasvatī’s Yogacintāmaṇi, a 17th-century text on Haṭhayoga by consisting of 3423 verses.—Accordingly, “[...] I have revealed here all that which is secret in Haṭha- and Rājayoga for the delight of Yogins. However, that Haṭhayoga which was practised by Uddālaka, Bhuśuṇḍa and others has not been mentioned by me (likhita—likhito na mayā), because it cannot be accomplished by contemporary [practitioners. Also], the procedures and so forth promoted by the kāpālikas have not been mentioned (likhita—likhitā na mayā) [because] they contravene the Vedas, Dharmaśāstras and Purāṇas”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Likhita (लिखित) refers to a “subscribing witness”, and represents one of the Twelve kinds of Witnesses (sākṣin) (in the ancient Indian judicial system), according to the Bṛhaspati-smṛti which is cited in the Vīramitrodaya commentary (by Mitramiśra) on the Yājñavalkya-smṛti.—Accordingly, [in verse 2.68ff]: “One by whom his own caste has been written, and by whom his own and the father’s name, as also the place of residence has been written, he should be known as a ‘subscribing witness’ (likhita)”—[jātināmādilikhitaṃ yena svaṃ pitryameva ca | nivāsaśca vijñeyaḥ sākṣī likhitasaṃjñakaḥ].
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Likhita (लिखित) and Śaṅkha were two brothers according to the Vinaya of the Mūlasarvāstivādin mentioned in a footnote at the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XXVIII). Accordingly, “Not far from the city of Vārāṇasī, two brothers lived as hermits in the forest; one was called Chang k’ie (Śaṅkha), the other Li k’i to (Likhita). The latter drank all the water from his brother’s flask so that he had nothing to drink when he went out to beg. Likhita was accused before the king of having stolen the water from his brother. The king, who was leaving for the hunt, ordered him to wait without moving, then he forgot about him for six days”.
Note: For Śaṅkha and Likhita, see also a story in Ken pen chouo… yao che, T 1448, k. 16, p. 77c, which shows striking resemblance to Chavannes, Contes, no. 79, and the Mātaṅgajātaka of the Pāli Jātaka, IV, p. 376 seq.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
India history and geography
Likhita.—(CII 3, 4, etc.), ‘written’; a technical term indi- cating the manual drafting or writing of a record, as opposed to the composition and engraving of it; see also lekhaka. (LP), a private letter; cf. lekha, an official letter. Note: likhita is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
likhita : (pp. of likhati) writen; inscribed; carved; scratched.
Likhita, (pp. of likhati) 1. carved, cut, worked (in ivory etc.), in cpd. saṅkha° brahmacariya the moral life, like a polished shell D. I, 63; S. II, 219, explained at DA. I, 181 as “likhita-saṅkha-sadisa dhota-saṅkha-sappaṭibhāga. ”‹-› 2. written, inscribed J. IV, 7 (likhitāni akkharāni); Miln. 42 (lekha l.).—3. made smooth, shaved J. VI, 482 (cāpa).—4. marked, proscribed, made an outlaw Vin. I, 75. ‹-› Cp. ullikhita. (Page 584)
likhita (လိခိတ) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[ikha+ta．likhitabboti likhito．pā,yo．241．likhita-saṃ．lihia-prā．lihiya-addhamāgadhī．]
[လိခ+တ။ လိခိတဗ္ဗောတိ လိခိတော။ ပါစိတ်၊ ယော။ ၂၄၁။ လိခိတ-သံ။ လိဟိအ-ပြာ။ လိဟိယ-အဒ္ဓမာဂဓီ။]
[Pali to Burmese]
likhita—
(Burmese text): (၁) (အက္ခရာ၊ စာ) ရေးသားအပ်ပြီးသော။ (၂ ခြစ်ခြုပ်-ပွတ်တိုက်-ပွတ်သပ်-ဆေးကြော-အပ်ပြီးသော။ (၃) ချောမွေ့စေ-ရွေဘော်ထိုး-အပ်ပြီးသော။ (၄) ဝရမ်းပြေး၊ ကမ္ဗည်း-ကြော်ငြာ-ကြေညာ-ထားအပ်ပြီးသူ၊ (တွေ့ရာအရပ်၌ သတ်စေဟု-ကြော်ငြာ-ဝရမ်းထုတ်-ခံရသူ၊ မင်းပြစ်မင်းဒဏ်သင့်၍ ထွက်ပြေးတိမ်းရှောင်နေသူ)။ လိခိတက-လည်းကြည့်။ (၅) (ပန်းချီဆေး) ရေးခြယ်-ဆွဲ-အပ်သော။ (န) (၆) ပွတ်တိုက်-ပွတ်ထိုး-ရေးခြစ်-ခြင်း။ (၇) ရေးခြစ်အပ်ရာ (အရပ်)။ လိခိတဋ္ဌာန-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) (letters, writing) that has been submitted. (2) written (scribbled - printed - stamped - dyed - submitted). (3) made smooth - embossed - submitted. (4) fugitive, advertisement - declared - brought forth, who is rumored to be sought after, (someone who is being sought to be caught at a particular place, someone who is escaping from punishment or consequences). Take a look. (5) (painting) that has been worked on - drawn - submitted. (6) scribbling - stamping - writing. (7) place where writing has been submitted. Look at the location.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
likhita (लिखित).—n (S) pop. likhīta n An epistle or a letter; a piece of writing in general. Ex. dāmājī pantācē nāṃvēṃ arjadāsta || lihuni likhita mudrā kēlī ||.
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likhita (लिखित).—p S Written. 2 Drawn, delineated, lined, traced.
likhita (लिखित).—p Written; drawn. n A piece of writing.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Likhita (लिखित).—p. p. [likh-kta] Written, painted, scratched &c.; see लिख् (likh).
-taḥ Name of a writer on law (mentioned along with śaṅkha).
-tam 1 A writing, document.
2) A picture; द्रोणस्य चाद्यलिखितैरिव वीक्षितो यैः (droṇasya cādyalikhitairiva vīkṣito yaiḥ) Ve.3.13.
3) Any book or composition.
Likhita (लिखित).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Written. 2. Drawn, delineated, painted: (painting being considered a sort of writing.) 3. Drawn as lines, scratched. 4. Sacrified. n.
(-taṃ) 1. Scripture, writing. 2. A writing, a manuscript, a written book or paper. E. likh to write, aff. kta .
Likhita (लिखित).—[adjective] scratched, written, drawn, sketched, painted; likhita iva as if painted i.e. quite immovable.
— [masculine] [Name] of a Ṛṣi; [neuter] scripture, written document.
1) Likhita (लिखित):—[from likh] mfn. scratched, scraped, scarified, [Atharva-veda] etc. etc.
2) [v.s. ...] written, [Pañcatantra; Kathāsaritsāgara] (= mentioned, [Inscriptions])
3) [v.s. ...] drawn, delineated, sketched, painted, [Kāvya literature; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
4) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a Ṛṣi and author of a work on law (frequently mentioned together with Śaṅkha q.v.), [Mahābhārata] ([Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams 302])
5) [v.s. ...] Name of Śaṅkha’s brother (whose hands were cut off by king Su-dyumna as a punishment for having eaten some fruit in Śaṅkha’s hermitage without leave, described in [Mahābhārata xii, 668 etc.])
6) [v.s. ...] n. a writing, written document, scripture, [Yājñavalkya [Scholiast or Commentator]] ([Indian Wisdom, by Sir M. Monier-Williams 297]).
Likhita (लिखित):—[(taḥ-tā-taṃ) a.] Written; delineated; scarified. n. Scripture.
Likhita (लिखित):—
1) adj. und n. s. u. likh . —
2) m. Nomen proprium eines Ṛṣi, der auch als Verfasser eines Gesetzbuches fast immer in Verbindung mit Śaṅkha genannt wird, [Mahābhārata.2,292. 13,3320. 6263.] [Colebrooke] [?I,314. Weber’s Indische Studien.1,20. 232. 234. 240. 467. Weber’s Verzeichniss No. 1017. Oxforder Handschriften 34,a,10. 266,b,10. 270,b,50. 279,a,38.b,12. 356,a,31. Bibliothecae sanskritae 452. Nach Mahābhārata 12,668. fgg.] wurden dem Likhita, weil er in der Einsiedelei seines Bruders Śaṃkha ohne dessen Erlaubniss Fürchte gebrochen und gegessen hatte, vom Könige Sudyumna beide Hände abgehauen. Daher ist śaṅkhalikhita so v. a. ein strenge Gerechtigkeit übender Fürst [4252.] śaṅkhalikhitā vṛttiḥ so v. a. das Ueben strenger Gerechtigkeit [4756.] śaṅkhalikhitapriya ein Freund strenger Gerechtigkeit [4808.]
Likhita (लिखित):——
1) Adj. s.u. likh. —
2) m. Nomen proprium eines Ṛṣi , der auch als Verfasser eines Gesetzbuches fast immer in Verbindung mit Śāṅkha genannt wird. Ihm soll , weil er in der Einsiedelei seines Bruders Śāṅkha ohne dessen Erlaubniss Früchte gebrochen und gegessen hatte , der Fürst Sudyumna beide Hände abgehauen haben. smṛti f. [Private libraries (Gustav) 1.] Vgl. śaṅkhalikhita. —
3) n. Schrift , Schriftstück , ein geschriebenes Document [215,22.]
Likhita (लिखित) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Lihia.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Likhita (लिखित) [Also spelled likhit]:—(a) written, recorded, reduced to black and white.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Likhita (ಲಿಖಿತ):—
1) [adjective] put down in writing; written.
2) [adjective] incised; engraved.
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Likhita (ಲಿಖಿತ):—
1) [noun] anything that is written; a writing.
2) [noun] a written document.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Likhita (लिखित):—n. 1. written document/record; 2. inscription; 3. written-paper; written document; agreement (paper);
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Ikha, Luo, Da, Ta.
Starts with (+4): Likhita-jabapha, Likhita-pariksha, Likhitabba, Likhitagahita, Likhitaka, Likhitam, Likhitama, Likhitamahapadumattheravada, Likhitamattha, Likhitapanna, Likhitapannavacaka, Likhitapatha, Likhitapathaka, Likhitapathita, Likhitapotthaka, Likhitar, Likhitartha, Likhitarudra, Likhitasankhasadisa, Likhitasihalatthakatha.
Full-text (+80): Ullikhita, Alikhita, Vilikhita, Citralikhita, Abhilikhita, Lalatalikhita, Shankhalikhita, Shivalikhita, Brahmalikhita, Likhitapatha, Likhitasmriti, Sulikhita, Likhitatva, Ardhalikhita, Pratilikhita, Samlikhita, Durlikhita, Likhitapathaka, Pacchalikhita, Likhitarudra.
Relevant text
Search found 82 books and stories containing Likhita, Ikha-ta; (plurals include: Likhitas, tas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 10 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Page 360 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 1]
Page 368 < [Telugu-English-Malayalam (1 volume)]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Yajnavalkya-smriti with Mitakshara and Viramitrodaya (by J. R. Gharpure)
Verse 88 < [Chapter 6 - Of Documents]
Verse 2.22 < [Chapter 2 - Special Rules of Procedure]
Verse 2.20 < [Chapter 2 - Special Rules of Procedure]
Journal of the European Ayurvedic Society (by Inge Wezler)
Ayurvedic manuscripts in the Cambridge University Library < [Volume 1 (1990)]
Ayurvedic manuscripts in the Chandra Shum Shere collection, Oxford < [Volume 1 (1990)]
Where is the Romaraji? < [Volume 4 (1995)]
Inscriptions of Orissa (Rajaguru) (by Shri Satyanarayana Rajguru)
Part 45 - Chidivalasa plates of Devendravarman < [Section 1 - The Gangas of Kalinganagara]
Part 39 - Ponduru plates of Vajrahastadeva < [Section 1 - The Gangas of Kalinganagara]
Page 26 < [Volume 3, Part 1]