Kushmandaka, Kūṣmāṇḍaka, Kuṣmāṇḍaka, Kushmamdaka: 13 definitions
Introduction:
Kushmandaka means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Kūṣmāṇḍaka and Kuṣmāṇḍaka can be transliterated into English as Kusmandaka or Kushmandaka, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
Kūṣmāṃḍaka (कूष्मांडक) (identified with Benincasa hispida), is the subject of certain bio-organical recipes for plant mutagenesis, according to the Vṛkṣāyurveda by Sūrapāla (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.—Accordingly, “A small hole should be bored in a tender Benincasa hispida [e.g., Kūṣmāṃḍaka-phala], and the seed of the Azadirachta indica, profusely smeared with honey and melted butter should be dropped in through the hole. After the gourd is fully ripe the seed should be carefully extracted and sown. It then produces plant which ample wealth in the form of Solanum melongena of huge size”.
Kalpa (Formulas, Drug prescriptions and other Medicinal preparations)
Kuṣmāṇḍaka (कुष्माण्डक) [=khaṇḍakuṣmāṇḍaka] refers to one of the topics discussed in the Yogāmṛta, a Sanskrit manuscript collected in volume 4 of the catalogue “Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (first series)” by Rajendralal Mitra (1822–1891), who was one of the first English-writing historians dealing with Indian culture and heritage.—The Yogāmṛta is a large Ayurvedic compilation dealing with the practice of medicine and therapeutics authored by Gopāla Sena, Kavirāja, of Dvārandhā. It is dated to the 18th century and contains 11,700 ślokas.—The catalogue includes the term—Khaṇḍa-kuṣmāṇḍaka in its ‘subject-matter list’ or Viṣaya (which lists topics, chapters and technical terms). The complete entry reads: (1) khaṇḍakuṣmāṇḍakaṃ (2) vāsākhaṇḍakuṣmāṇḍakaṃ .
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Kūṣmāṇḍaka (कूष्माण्डक) is a Sanskrit word referring to Benincasa hispida (white gourd), in the Cucurbitaceae family. Certain plant parts of Kūṣmāṇḍaka are eaten as a vegetable (śāka), according to Caraka in his Carakasaṃhitā sūtrasthāna (chapter 27), a classical Ayurvedic work. The plant is therefore part of the Śākavarga group of medicinal plants, referring to the “group of vegetables/pot-herbs”. Caraka defined such groups (vargas) based on the dietic value of the plant
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Kūṣmāṇḍaka (कूष्माण्डक).—A prominent serpent. (Ādi Parva, Chapter 35, Verse 11).
Kūṣmāṇḍaka is the name of a Serpent (sarpa) mentioned in the thirty-fifth chapter (verses 4-17) of the Ādiparva of the Mahābhārata.—Accordingly, Sauti, on being implored by Śaunaka to name all the serpents in the course of the sarpa-sattra, tells him that it is humanly impossible to give a complete list because of their sheer multiplicity; but would name the prominent ones in accordance with their significance [e.g., Kūṣmāṇḍaka].
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Biology (plants and animals)
Kushmandaka in India is the name of a plant defined with Benincasa hispida in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Cucurbita hispida Thunberg (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Flora Japonica (1784)
· Indian Journal of Pharmacology (2002)
· Systema Vegetabilium, ed. 14 (1784)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2001)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (2005)
· Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. (1783)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kushmandaka, for example health benefits, chemical composition, side effects, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Kuṣmāṇḍaka (कुष्माण्डक).—A kind of pumpkin gourd.
Derivable forms: kuṣmāṇḍakaḥ (कुष्माण्डकः).
Kuṣmāṇḍaka (कुष्माण्डक).—m.
(-kaḥ) A pumpkin gourd, (Cucurbita pepo.) E. ku the earth, uṣma heat, an to exist or be, ḍa affix, and the vowel irregularly short, kan added; also kuṣmāṇḍa.
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Kūṣmāṇḍaka (कूष्माण्डक).—m.
(-kaḥ) A pumpkin gourd: see kūṣmāṇḍa. E. ku bad, uṣma warm and aṇḍa an egg here put for seed, kan aff.
1) Kuṣmāṇḍaka (कुष्माण्डक):—[from kuṣmāṇḍa] m. the gourd Beninkasa Cerifera, [Bhāvaprakāśa; Caraka] (kūṣm)
2) [v.s. ...] Name of a Nāga, [Mahābhārata i, 1556] (kūśm [edition] [Bombay edition])
3) [v.s. ...] Name of an attendant of Śiva, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] ([varia lectio] kūṣm).
4) Kūśmāṇḍaka (कूश्माण्डक):—[from kūśmāṇḍa] [varia lectio] for kuṣm q.v.
5) Kūṣmāṇḍaka (कूष्माण्डक):—[from kūṣmāṇḍa] [varia lectio] for kuṣm q.v.
1) Kuṣmāṇḍaka (कुष्माण्डक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. A gourd.
2) Kūṣmāṇḍaka (कूष्माण्डक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. A gourd.
Kuṣmāṇḍaka (कुष्माण्डक):—m.
1) = kuṣmāṇḍa [?1,a. Amarakoṣa.2,4,5,21. Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1188, v. l. Hārāvalī 97.] —
2) Nomen proprium eines Nāga [Mahābhārata 1, 1556.] —
3) Nomen proprium eines Dieners von Śiva [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 210, v. l.] — Vgl. kūṣmāṇḍaka .
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Kūṣmāṇḍaka (कूष्माण्डक):—m.
1) = kūṣmāṇḍa [1,a.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1188.] —
2) Nomen proprium eines Dieners von Śiva [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 210.] — Vgl. kuṣmāṇḍaka .
Kuṣmāṇḍaka (कुष्माण्डक):—m. —
1) = kuṣmāṇḍa 1)a). vaṭī f. [Bhāvaprakāśa 2,20.] —
2) Nomen proprium — a) eines Schlangendämons. kūśmāṇḍaka v.l. — b) *eines Dieners des Śiva.
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Kūśmāṇḍaka (कूश्माण्डक):—m. Nomen proprium eines Schlangendämons [Mahābhārata 1,35,11.]
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Kūṣmāṇḍaka (कूष्माण्डक):——
1) (*m.). n. = kūṣmāṇḍa 1)a) [Carakasaṃhitā 1,27.] —
2) *m. Nomen proprium eines Dieners des Śiva.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Kuṣmāṃḍaka (ಕುಷ್ಮಾಂಡಕ):—[noun] = ಕುಷ್ಮಾಂಡ [kushmamda].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+0): Kushmandakaghrita, Kushmandakarasayana, Kushmandakavati.
Full-text (+0): Khandakushmandaka, Vasakhandakushmandaka, Kushmandakavati, Kushmandakaghrita, Gudakushmandaka, Kusmandakah, Kushmanda, Bakuci, Shakavarga.
Relevant text
Search found 16 books and stories containing Kushmandaka, Kushmamdaka, Kuṣmāṃḍaka, Kusmamdaka, Kūṣmāṇḍaka, Kusmandaka, Kuṣmāṇḍaka, Kūśmāṇḍaka; (plurals include: Kushmandakas, Kushmamdakas, Kuṣmāṃḍakas, Kusmamdakas, Kūṣmāṇḍakas, Kusmandakas, Kuṣmāṇḍakas, Kūśmāṇḍakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Page 206 < [Volume 4 (1877)]
AYU (Journal of Research in Ayurveda)
A clinical study to evaluate the role of Doshik predominance in the management of Amlapitta < [Volume 38 (1-2); 2017 (Jan-Jun)]
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 67 - The Greatness of Kuṭumbeśvara < [Section 1 - Avantīkṣetra-māhātmya]
Chapter 4 - A Fight between Vīrabhadra and Viṣṇu and Others < [Section 1 - Kedāra-khaṇḍa]
Chapter 69 - The Assembly of Sixty-eight Holy Spots < [Section 2 - Uttarārdha]
Atharvaveda and Charaka Samhita (by Laxmi Maji)
Unmāda (insanity) according to Caraka < [Chapter 4 - Diseases and Remedial measures (described in Caraka-saṃhitā)]
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)
Section XXXV < [Astika Parva]