Kunduruka, Kumduruka: 8 definitions
Introduction:
Kunduruka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgricultureKunduruka (कुन्दुरुक) refers to a particular substance (suitable for an offering ceremony), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly [as the Bhagavān taught the detailed offering-manual], “[...] Four Nāga kings should be prepared in the middle of the ditch. [...] Decorations should be made with ribbons and banners. Worship should be performed. One should perfume agaru, sandal and olibanum, and combine tagara, nalada, kunduruka, liquor, parched grain, mustard seed and sarja-resin with honey. It should be enchanted with the mantra twenty-one times and incense should be offered for the Nāgas. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Kunduruka in India is the name of a plant defined with Boswellia serrata in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Boswellia glabra Roxb. ex Colebr. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Agents Actions (1986)
· The India Journal of Experimental Biology (IJEB)
· Planta Medica (1998)
· Phytochem. Anal. (2001)
· Phytomedicine (2003)
· Agents Actions (1988)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kunduruka, for example health benefits, chemical composition, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, side effects, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Kunduruka (कुन्दुरुक):—[from kundara] m. Olibanum, [Suśruta; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
2) Kundurukā (कुन्दुरुका):—[from kunduruka > kundara] f. idem, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) Kundurūka (कुन्दुरूक):—[from kundara] m. Olibanum, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā lvii, 3.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryKunduruka (कुन्दुरुक):—[(kaḥ-kī)] 1. m. 3. f. The olibanum tree. m. The gum.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Kunduruka (कुन्दुरुक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kuṃdarukka.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKuṃduruka (ಕುಂದುರುಕ):—[noun] = ಕುಂದು [kumdu]4.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Kundurukam-pishin.
Full-text: Kundurukam-pishin, Kumdarukka, Kuntarikkam, Gopuraka, Kuntalikkam, Kunduruki, Kunturukkam, Kundaka, Eladi, Turukkam, Patta, Samyojya, Medaka, Sarjarasa, Sarja, Turushka, Agaru, Tagara, Nalada, Kunti.
Relevant text
Search found 6 books and stories containing Kunduruka, Kundurukā, Kundurūka, Kumduruka, Kuṃduruka; (plurals include: Kundurukas, Kundurukās, Kundurūkas, Kumdurukas, Kuṃdurukas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Cosmetics, Costumes and Ornaments in Ancient India (by Remadevi. O.)
1.16. Use of Kunduruka (Olibanum) < [Chapter 1 - Cosmetics]
1. Materials for Cosmetics (Introduction) < [Chapter 1 - Cosmetics]
2.11. Pharmaceutical use of Incense < [Chapter 1 - Cosmetics]
Brihat Samhita (by N. Chidambaram Iyer)
Appendix 8 - Glossary of Medical and Botanical terms
Chapter 57 - On durable cement (vajralepa-lakṣaṇa)
The Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)
Sushruta Samhita, volume 1: Sutrasthana (by Kaviraj Kunja Lal Bhishagratna)
Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study) (by A. Yamuna Devi)
A Dictionary Of Chinese Buddhist Terms (by William Edward Soothill)