Kumaraka, Kumara-ka, Kumāraka: 23 definitions
Introduction:
Kumaraka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaKumāraka (कुमारक).—A prominent serpent born in the Kauravya dynasty. It was burnt to death at the serpent yajña of King Janamejaya. (Ādi Parva, Chapter 57, Verse 13).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationKumāraka (कुमारक) is another name for Kumāra (i.e., Śiva’s son), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.10 (“Boasting of Tāraka”).—Accordingly, as Tāraka-Asura fought with Kārttikeya: “[...] On hearing the auspicious words uttered by the celestial voice, Kumāra (kumāraka) became happy. He was surrounded by the Pramathas. He resolved to kill Tāraka, the king of Asuras. The infuriated Kumāra of powerful arms used his full strength and hit Asura Tāraka in between his nipples. Slighting that blow, the leading demon Tāraka, hit Kumāra angrily with his spear. [...]”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexKumāraka (कुमारक).—The first offspring of Brahmā when he was engaged in thinking of creation devoid of śabda, sparśa, rūpa, rasa and gandha. Brahmā pondered over a form which would be neither male nor female but with colours. Then akṣara came out of ‘his neck; it was oṅkāra with one mātra, then two mātrākṣara, three akṣaras, then fourteenfaced deva and 14 Manus.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 26. 8-28.
Kumāraka (कुमारक) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.52.12, I.57) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Kumāraka) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Wisdom Library: KathāsaritsāgaraKumāraka (कुमारक) was a soldier in Sunītha and Sūryaprabha’s army whose strength is considered as equaling a full-power warrior (pūrṇaratha), according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 47. Accordingly, as the Asura Maya explained the arrangement of warriors in Sunītha’s army: “... [Kumāraka, and others], are all full-power warriors”.
The story of Kumāraka was narrated by the Vidyādhara king Vajraprabha to prince Naravāhanadatta in order to relate how “Sūryaprabha, being a man, obtain of old time the sovereignty over the Vidyādharas”.
The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Kumāraka, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramKumāraka (कुमारक) refers to one of the eight Heroes (vīra-aṣṭaka) associated with Avyaktapīṭha (i.e., ‘the unmanifest seat’ representing the act of churning—manthāna), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—[...] The eight Heroes (vīrāṣṭaka): Kaṃkāla, Nirāpekṣa, Kurūpa, Kārtikeśvara, Kunda, Kumāraka, Vīra, Vīreśa.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraKumāraka (कुमारक) refers to the “vigour of youth”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 15) (“On the nakṣatras—‘asterisms’”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “Those who are born on the lunar day of Pūrvaphālguni will delight in dance, in young women, in music, in painting, in sculpture and in trade; will be dealers in cotton, salt, honey and oil and will be forever in the enjoyment of the vigour of youth (kumāraka). Those who are born on the lunar day of Uttaraphālguni will be mild, cleanly, modest, heretical, generous and learned; will be dealers in grains; will be wealthy, virtuous and in the company of princes. [...]”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraKumāraka (कुमारक) refers to “adolescent” or “crown prince”, according to the Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter XLV.—Accordingly, “the Bodhisattva wishes to obtain the level of Kumāraka”.
Some bodhisattvas, from their first production of the mind of bodhi, have destroyed lust and, up to their acceding to supreme complete enlightenment, are always in the position of Bodhisattva: this is called kumāraka-bhūmi (level of the child). Furthermore, some Bodhisattvas have made the following aspiration (praṇidhāna): “From lifetime to lifetime as a Kumāra (an unblemished child), I will go forth from home, I will practice the path (mārga) and I will have no worldly sexual relations (maithuna)”: this is called the kumāra-bhūmi (level of the unblemished child). Furthermore, a king’s son (rājaputra) is called Kumāraka (crown prince). The Buddha is the king of the Dharma (dharmarāja) and, from his entry into certainty of the supreme law up to the tenth bhūmi inclusively, the Bodhisattva is called ‘prince with the right of succession to the state of Buddhahood’.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: HereNow4u: Lord Śrī MahāvīraKumāraka (कुमारक) is the name of a village visited by Mahāvīra during his fourth year of spiritual-exertion.—They left Puttakālaya and went to Kumāraka. There in a beautiful garden, Campaka, the Lord entered into meditation. The disciple ācārya of Pārśvanātha, Municandra, was staying with his disciples there at a shed of a potter named Kūpanātha. He had made a disciple the head monk and accepted the jinakalpa (conduct like Mahāvīra's).
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Kumaraka in India is the name of a plant defined with Crateva nurvala in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Crateva religiosa var. nurvula (Buch.-Ham.) Hook. f. & Thomson (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Biol. Journal of the Linnean Society (1970)
· Gen. Index to Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (1867)
· Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. (1939)
· Journal of Botany (1874)
· Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (1827)
· Fl. Ins. Austr. (1786)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kumaraka, for example diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, health benefits, side effects, chemical composition, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarykumāraka : (m.) a boy; a youngster.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryKumāraka, 1. m. a young boy, a youngster, kumārakā vā kumāriyo boys and girls S. III, 190. 2. nt. °ṃ a childish thing A. III, 114.—f. °ikā a young girl, a virgin J. I, 290, 411; II, 180; IV, 219 (thulla°); VI, 64; DhA. III, 171.
Source: Sutta: Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionarykumāraka (ကုမာရက) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[kumāra+ka]
[ကုမာရ+က]
[Pali to Burmese]
Source: Sutta: Tipiṭaka Pāḷi-Myanmar Dictionary (တိပိဋက-ပါဠိမြန်မာ အဘိဓာန်)kumāraka—
(Burmese text): (က) သူငယ်၊ သတို့သား။ (ခ) သာမဏေငယ်၊ ကိုရင်ငယ်။ (ဂ) မင်းသား။ ကုမာရကပဗ္ဗဇ္ဇ-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): (a) Young man, younger sibling. (b) Young master, younger brother. (c) Prince. Look at the Kumara Kappavvaja.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKumāraka (कुमारक).—
1) A child, a youth; नहि वो अस्त्यर्भको देवासो न कमारकः (nahi vo astyarbhako devāso na kamārakaḥ) Ṛgveda 8.3.1.
2) The pupil of the eye.
Derivable forms: kumārakaḥ (कुमारकः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryKumāraka (कुमारक).—m.
(-kaḥ) 1. A boy, a lad. 2. A tree: see varuṇa. E. kan added to the preceding.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKumāraka (कुमारक).—[kumāra + ka], I. m. 1. A boy, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] 50, 1. 2. A youth, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 3, 3, 24. 3. The name of a Nāga or serpent, Mahābhārata 1, 2154. Ii. f. rikā, A girl, [Pañcatantra] 184, 4.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKumāraka (कुमारक).—[masculine] child, little boy, youth; [feminine] rikā girl, maid.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Kumāraka (कुमारक):—[from kumāra] m. a little boy, boy, youth, [Ṛg-veda viii, 30, 1; 69, 15; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Mahābhārata] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] (also ifc. e.g. ṛṣi-k, a young Ṛṣi, [Śakuntalā]; nāga-k, a young Nāga, [Kathāsaritsāgara])
3) [v.s. ...] the pupil of the eye, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa iii]
4) [v.s. ...] Name of a Nāga, [Mahābhārata i. 2154]
5) [v.s. ...] the plant Capparis trifoliata, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryKumāraka (कुमारक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. A boy; a tree.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKumāraka (ಕುಮಾರಕ):—
1) [noun] = ಕುಮಾರ - [kumara -] 1, 2 & 3.
2) [noun] the plant Capparis trifoliata of Capparaceae family.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+2): Kumara-kaccanam, Kumara-kassapa, Kumarakah, Kumarakala, Kumarakalam, Kumarakam, Kumarakamuli, Kumarakantam, Kumarakantan, Kumarakapabbajja, Kumarakaparihara, Kumarakaragupta, Kumarakarnamrita, Kumarakarupa, Kumarakasamsattha, Kumarakashyapa, Kumarakassapatthera, Kumarakassapavatthu, Kumarakatha, Kumarakavada.
Full-text (+17): Sukumaraka, Jalakumaraka, Panditakumaraka, Licchavikumaraka, Kumarakam, Tarunakumaraka, Kumarakaparihara, Rajakumaraka, Dasakumaraka, Shaktikumaraka, Kumarakarupa, Pancaculakakumaraka, Kulakumaraka, Pancasikhakumarakakala, Suvasakumaraka, Candalakumaraka, Kumarakavada, Kumarakah, Kilapasutakumaraka, Kumarika.
Relevant text
Search found 26 books and stories containing Kumaraka, Kumara-ka, Kumāra-ka, Kumāraka; (plurals include: Kumarakas, kas, Kumārakas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rudra-Shiva concept (Study) (by Maumita Bhattacharjee)
40. Pañcabrahma incarnation < [Chapter 5 - Rudra-Śiva in the Purāṇic Literature]
Manasollasa (study of Arts and Sciences) (by Mahadev Narayanrao Joshi)
2. Astrology in Manasollasa < [Chapter 5 - Sciences in Someshvara’s Manasollasa]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
II. Obtaining the level of the Kumāraka < [Part 4 - Being born into the family of the Bodhisattvas, etc.]
Appendix 6 - Why the Buddha treated Devadatta as kheṭāśika (kheḷāsaka) < [Chapter XLI - The Eighteen Special Attributes of the Buddha]
Emptiness 11: Emptiness of dispersed dharmas (avakāraśūnyatā) < [Chapter XLVIII - The Eighteen Emptinesses]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 2.7.19 < [Chapter 7 - Kidnapping of the Calves and Cowherd Boys]