Kubja, Kubjā: 23 definitions
Introduction:
Kubja means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Kubja (कुब्ज).—Name of a settlement (janapada) situated near the seven great mountains on the western side of mount Naiṣadha, according to the Varāhapurāṇa chapter 83. These settlements consume the water flowing from these seven great mountains (Viśākha, Kambala, Jayanta, Kṛṣṇa, Harita, Aśoka and Vardhamāna). Niṣadha (Naiṣadha) is one of the seven mountains located in Jambūdvīpa, ruled over by Āgnīdhra, a grandson of Svāyambhuva Manu, who was created by Brahmā, who was in turn created by Nārāyaṇa, the unknowable all-pervasive primordial being.
Kubjā (कुब्जा).—An ugly woman about whom the following story is told in Chapter 126, of Uttarakhaṇḍa in Padma Purāṇa.
Kubjā became a widow in her very childhood, and she spent eight years in observing auspicious ceremonies. As she took the 'Māgha bath' every year she attained salvation. This was the period when Sunda and Upasunda were harassing the world, and to destroy them Kubjā incarnated as Tilottamā and hooked them by her excellent beauty. They fought each other for her hand and got killed. Brahmā was pleased at this and granted Kubjā a place in Sūryaloka.
Kubja (कुब्ज) refers to “hunchbacked persons”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.1 (“Description of Tripura—the three cities).—Accordingly, after Maya built the three cities: “[...] The cities contained heroic Asuras of great fortune accompanied by their wives, sons and brahmins well versed in the principles and practices of the Vedic and Smārta rites. They were strict adherents to their duties. People had broad chests and bull-like shoulders. Some were of peaceful nature and some of warlike temperament. Some were calm and some furious. Some were hunchbacked (kubja), Some were dwarfish. They were protected by Maya. [...]”.
Kubja (कुब्ज).—Got final release by satsaṅga.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa XI. 12. 6.
Kubja (कुब्ज) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IX.44.93) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Kubja) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)
Kubja (कुब्ज) is another name for Apāmārga, a medicinal plant identified with Achyranthes aspera Linn. (“prickly chaff-flower”) from the Amaranthaceae or “amaranth” family of flowering plants, according to verse 4.88-91 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The fourth chapter (śatāhvādi-varga) of this book enumerates eighty varieties of small plants (pṛthu-kṣupa). Together with the names Kubja and Apāmārga, there are a total of twenty-three Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Kubja (कुब्ज) refers to “misshapen elephants”, according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 3, “on unfavorable marks”]: “1. If he has too few or too many toenails or members of the body, visible (external) testes, or (too) short (trunk-) ‘finger’, if he is dwarfish, frog-bellied, misshapen (kubja), has a blue, mottled, or brown-colored palate, is stolid, overlean, or leech-like (bloated?)? or if his two flanks are not symmetrical, if he is rough (in the skin), deficient in must, and his trunk has too short ends, such an elephant is not rated high”.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Kubja (कुब्ज) refers to Droṇapuṣpī (Leucas cephalotes) and is the name of a medicinal plant dealt with in the 17th-century Vaidyavallabha written by Hastiruci.—The Vaidyavallabha is a work which deals with the treatment and useful for all 8 branches of Ayurveda. The text Vaidyavallabha has been designed based on the need of the period of the author, availability of drugs (viz., Kubja) during that time, disease manifesting in that era, socio-economical-cultural-familial-spiritual-aspects of that period Vaidyavallabha.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaktism
Kubjā (कुब्जा) refers to one of the 56 rays of the Mūlādhāra-Cakra which (together with the 52 rays of the Svadhiṣṭhāna) are associated with the fiery plane called Rudragranthi, according to Śaṅkarācārya’s Saudaryalaharī.—Accordingly, the Goddess is visualised (by Sādhaka) as dwelling above the six Ādhāracakras ruling over the 360 rays which emanate in them [e.g., Kubjā]. These 360 rays represent 360 syllables (i.e., a consummation of the śabdaprapañca or 50 alphabets) as well as the principles of nature. For the 360 syllables, together with haṃ and saḥ, Nyāsa should be performed for Śrīcakrapūjā.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Kubja (कुब्ज) refers to a “hunchback body” and represents the fourth of the six caturasra-susaṃsthana (“symmetrical bodies”), according to chapter 1.2 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.—(cf. Samavāyāṅgasūtra 155, p. 150. Sthānāṅgasūtra 495, pp. 357-8.)
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Kubja in India is the name of a plant defined with Achyranthes aspera in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Centrostachys indica Standl. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· The Gardeners Dictionary (1768)
· Acta Botanica Indica (1982)
· Journal of Ethnopharmacology (1982)
· Veterinary and Human Toxicology (2003)
· Flora of West Pakistan (1974)
· Economic Botany (1981)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kubja, for example extract dosage, diet and recipes, side effects, health benefits, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
kubja (कुब्ज).—a S Humpbacked.
kubja (कुब्ज).—a Hump-backed.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kubja (कुब्ज).—a. [ku īṣat ubjamārjavaṃ yatra śakaṃ° Tv.] Humpbacked, crooked. अन्धाः खञ्जाः कुब्जा वामनकाश्च (andhāḥ khañjāḥ kubjā vāmanakāśca) Garbha. Up.3.
-bjaḥ 1 A curved sword.
2) A hump on the back.
3) A sort of fish; Mahābhārata (Bombay) 7.56.8.
-bjā A young female servant of Kaṃsa, said to be deformed in three parts of her body. [Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, while proceeding to Mathurā, saw her on the high road carrying unguent to Kaṃsa. They asked her if she would give them some portion of it, and she gave as much as they wanted. Kṛṣṇa, being very much pleased with her kindness, made her perfectly straight, and she began to appear a most beautiful woman.]
Kubja (कुब्ज).—mfn.
(-bjaḥ-bjā-bjaṃ) Humpbacked, crooked. m.
(-bjaḥ) 1. A tree, (Achyranthes aspera:) see apāmārga. 2. A scymitar. 3. A sort of fish. (Bola cuja, Ham.) E. ku the earth, or ku ill badly, and ubj to be straight, affix ac.
Kubja (कुब्ज).—i. e. kubh-ja (vb. jan, cf. kumbha), adj., f. jā. 1. Hump-backed, [Pañcatantra] 261, 12. 2. Crooked, [Pañcatantra] ii. [distich] 74.
Kubja (कुब्ज).—[adjective] humpbacked, crooked.
1) Kubja (कुब्ज):—mf(ā)n. hump-backed, crooked, [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā xxx, 10; ṢaḍvBr.; Mahābhārata] etc.
2) m. Name of a person born under certain constellations and being an attendant of the model man Haṃsa, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
3) a curved sword, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) a sort of fish (Bola Cuja), [Horace H. Wilson]
5) the plant Achyranthes aspera (= apāmārga), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) Kubjā (कुब्जा):—[from kubja] f. a kind of musical instrument
7) Kubja (कुब्ज):—cf. nyubja and kanya-kubja; cf. also [Lithuanian] kupra, kupotas; [Greek] κυφός, κύπτω; [Latin] gibbus, gibba, gibber.
Kubja (कुब्ज):—[(bjaḥ-bjā-bjaṃ) a.] Hump-backed. m. A scymitar; a tree; a fish.
Kubja (कुब्ज):—
1) adj. f. ā bucklig, krumm [Yāska’s Nirukta 7, 12.] [Amarakoṣa 2, 6, 1, 48.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 84.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 453. 1429.] [Anekārthasaṃgraha 2, 68.] [Medinīkoṣa j. 5.] [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 30, 10.] [Mahābhārata 3, 15938. 13, 2221.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 34, 25. 2, 78, 5. 5, 10, 17. 17, 28. 6, 72, 58.] [Suśruta 1, 319, 14. 322, 13. 368, 18. 2, 207, 4.] [Mālavikāgnimitra 60, 9.] [Pañcatantra 261, 12.] [Geschichte des Vidūṣaka 65.] [Viṣṇupurāṇa 550.] [Sāhityadarpana 36, 7. 15.] kubjakirātam, kubjavāmanam ein Buckliger und ein Zwerg gaṇa gavāśvādi zu [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 2, 4, 11.] kubjāpi kāṇāpi karkaṭī (das Ende des Wagebalkens) [Pañcatantra II, 74.] kṛtāntapāśabaddhānāṃ daivopahatacetasām . buddhayaḥ kubjagāminyo bhavanti mahatāmapi .. [5.] —
2) m. a) ein krummer Säbel [Śabdamālā im Śabdakalpadruma] — b) ein best. Fisch, Bola Cuja Ham., [Wilson’s Wörterbuch] — c) eine best. Pflanze [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] Achyranthes aspera (apāmārga) [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] kubjapuṣpa = taruṇa [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 128.] = bhaya [317.] — Das Wort hängt offenbar wie das gleichbedeutende nyubja mit ubj zusammen; kubja ist eine unregelmässige Form für kūbja (1. ku + ubja). — Vgl. kanyakubja .
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Kubja (कुब्ज):—
1) bucklig [Kathāsaritsāgara 62, 231.] krumm, von einem Baume [Ṣaḍviṃśabrāhmaṇa 4, 4.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 43, 13. 59, 3.] von einer Thür [53, 80.] kubjībhūya sich krumm machend [Kathāsaritsāgara 62, 21.] vapuḥ kubjībhūtam [Spr. 4965.] Vgl. kaṇṭha . —
2) c) puṣpa ist die Blüthe der Trapa bispinosa. — d) der Bucklige, so heisst eine unter bestimmten Constellationen geborene Person, ein Vasall des Haṃsa genannten Wundermenschen, [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 69, 31. 35. fg.]
Kubja (कुब्ज):——
1) Adj. (f. ā) bucklig , krumm überh. —
2) m. — a) Bez. einer unter bestimmten Constellationen geborenen Person , eines Vasalls des Haṃsa genannten Wundermenschen. — b) *ein krummer Säbel. — c) *Bola Cuja (ein Fisch). — d) *Achyranthes aspera. —
3) f. ā ein best. Saiteninstrument [Saṃgitasārasaṃgraha 185.]
Kubja (कुब्ज) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Kujja, Khujja, Khujjaya.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Kubja (ಕುಬ್ಜ):—
1) [adjective] of abnormally small stature; undersized; stunted; dwarfish.
2) [adjective] having a bent back; hunch-backed.
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Kubja (ಕುಬ್ಜ):—
1) [noun] a man of abnormally small stature or of much smaller stature than the normal human beings; a dwarf.
2) [noun] a man having a humped back.
3) [noun] the quality or fact of being crooked; crookedness.
4) [noun] any small star of high density and low luminosity.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+11): Kubja-kupa, Kubjabhra, Kubjadakini, Kubjagamin, Kubjaka, Kubjakagulma, Kubjakalhara, Kubjakalharapushpa, Kubjakamata, Kubjakamatatantra, Kubjakantaka, Kubjakara, Kubjakasamsthana, Kubjake, Kubjaki, Kubjakirata, Kubjalidha, Kubjalila, Kubjamra, Kubjaprasarani.
Full-text (+80): Kanyakubja, Karnakubja, Bahukubja, Kubjakantaka, Kanthakubja, Kubjalidha, Kubjaka, Varikubja, Dvikubja, Nikubja, Kaubjya, Kubjapushpa, Kubjata, Kubjavamana, Kubjakirata, Kubjagamin, Kubja-kupa, Kubjita, Kubjikarana, Kubjamraka.
Relevant text
Search found 77 books and stories containing Kubja, Kubjā, Kubjas; (plurals include: Kubjas, Kubjās, Kubjases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.6.9 < [Chapter 6 - Seeing Śrī Mathurā]
Verse 5.9.50 < [Chapter 9 - The Happiness of the Yadus]
Verse 5.11.10 < [Chapter 11 - The Stories of Kubjā and Kuvalayāpīḍa]
Brihat Jataka by Varahamihira [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 4.18 < [Chapter 4 - Impregnation]
Verse 17.9 < [Chapter 17 - Disposition of the Zodiac Signs Containing the Moon]
Vishnu Purana (by Horace Hayman Wilson)
Śrī Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭottara-śata Nāmavaḷḷiḥ
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)