Kshina, Kṣīṇa: 21 definitions
Introduction:
Kshina means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Kṣīṇa can be transliterated into English as Ksina or Kshina, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण) refers to “pulmonary consumption”, as mentioned in verse 5.21-23 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Accordingly, “[...] among the (different kinds of milk [viz., payas]), cow’s milk [viz., gavya] (is) a vitalizer (and) elixir; (it is) wholesome for pulmonary rupture and pulmonary consumption [viz., kṣīṇa], intellectualizing, invigorative, productive of breast-milk, (and) purgative, (and) destroys fatigue, giddiness, intoxication, unbeautifulness, dyspnea, cough, excessive thirst, hunger, old fever, strangury, and hemorrhage [...]”.
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण):—Weak, Feeble
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण) refers to “slender” and is used to describe Pārvatī, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.12.—Accordingly, after Himācala (i.e., Himālaya) brought his daughter (Pārvatī) before Śiva: “Then Śiva looked at her in the first flush of her youth. [...] Her two breasts resembling lotus-buds were stout, plump and firm. Her waist was slender [i.e., kṣīṇa-madhyā] and the curly locks of her hair shone well. Her feet resembled the land-lotus and were comely in appearance. She was competent to shake the minds of even the sages deeply engrossed in meditation, even at the very sight. She was a crest-jewel of all the maidens in the world”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण) refers to “destruction (of the experiences that need to be experienced)” [?], according to the Jayadrathayāmala, Ṣaṭka 1 verse 13.3-18.—Accordingly, “[...] But that initiation which [is performed] after [all experiences that] need to be experienced have waned (kṣīṇa-bhogyavaśa), that is the piṇḍapātikā (i.e. which causes the dropping of the body). [The Ācārya] should take hold [of the soul] through yoga and expel it with the razor and other fierce mantras in order to bring its union [with the deity] through the highest fusion. For this is the [initiation which] bestows liberation immediately”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण) refers to “thin” (and is used to describe Kālī), according to the Ciñcinīmatasārasamuccaya verse 7.220cd-222.— As she consumes everything into her inherent emptiness, with no residue, Kālī is ‘thin’ (kṣīṇa) and ‘lean’ (kṛṣa) and hence her name Kṛṣodarī. As the transcendental Void, she is the Abyss of Kula (Kulagahvarī). This is her tranquil state of repose. Her emergent state is the Wheel of the Sun of Consciousness. As the transcendental Void, she consumes the Void of the transient immanent sphere of time. This takes place as each object of sense is ‘consumed’ by consciousness and ‘relished’ there, it arouses the pure aesthetic delight of wonder: [...]
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
1) Kṣīṇa (क्षीण) refers to “being freed from (deliberate remembering)” or “having exhausted (recollections of worldly life)”, according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Janaka says to Aṣṭavakra]: “He who by nature is empty minded, and who thinks of things only unintentionally, is freed from deliberate remembering (kṣīṇa-saṃsmaraṇa) like one awakened from a dream [nidrito bodhita iva kṣīṇasaṃsmaraṇo hi saḥ]. When my desire has been eliminated, I have no wealth, friends, robber senses, scriptures or knowledge? [...]”.
2) Kṣīṇa (क्षीण) [=kṣīṇasaṃsārasāgara] refers to “one (in whom the ocean of Saṃsāra has) dried up”.—Accordingly, [as Aṣṭavakra says to Janaka]: “[...] In him for whom the ocean of Saṃsāra has dried up (kṣīṇa), there is neither attachment or aversion. [na spṛhā na viraktirvā kṣīṇasaṃsārasāgare] His gaze is vacant, his behaviour purposeless, and his senses inactive. Surely the supreme state is everywhere for the liberated mind. He is neither awake or asleep, and neither opens or closes his eyes. [...]”.
Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण) refers to “destruction (of delusion)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Now the fourfold division (caturvidha). It is as follows: A detailed definition of meditation which is considered as fourfold by the lords of mendicants (i.e. the Jinas) whose delusion is destroyed (kṣīṇa-moha—kṣīṇamohaiṛ munīśvaraiḥ) [and] who are familiar with meditation [is] in the Pūrva collection and the other Aṅgas. Nowadays no-one is capable of describing even a hundredth part of that (i.e. the detailed meditation). Therefore, the very well-known meaning which is only a hint is described here”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
kṣīṇa (क्षीण).—p (S) Wasted, consumed, emaciated, reduced to leanness and meagreness. 2 Destroyed, extinguished, annihilated. 3 Thin, lean; slender, slim.
kṣiṇa (क्षिण).—p Wasted. Destroyed. Thin, lean.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण).—p. p. [kṣi-kta]
1) Thin, emaciated, waned, become lean, diminished, worn away, expended; भार्यां क्षीणेषु वित्तेषु (bhāryāṃ kṣīṇeṣu vitteṣu) (jānīyāt) H.1.7; so क्षीणः क्षीणोऽपि शशी (kṣīṇaḥ kṣīṇo'pi śaśī); K. P. क्षीणे पुण्ये मर्त्यलोकं विशन्ति (kṣīṇe puṇye martyalokaṃ viśanti) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 9.21.
2) Slender, delicate; क्षीणेन मध्येऽपि सतोदरेण (kṣīṇena madhye'pi satodareṇa) N.7.81.
3) Small, little.
4) Poor, miserable; यो वै प्रियसुखे क्षीणः (yo vai priyasukhe kṣīṇaḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.295.13.
5) Powerless, weak.
6) Wasted away, decreased, lost, diminished.
7) Dead, destroyed; अक्षीणभक्तिः क्षीणेऽपि नन्दे (akṣīṇabhaktiḥ kṣīṇe'pi nande) Mu.2.21.
8) Injured, broken, torn;
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Kṣīṇa (क्षीण).—See under [kṣi].
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण).—mfn.
(-ṇaḥ-ṇā-ṇaṃ) 1. Thin, emaciated, feeble. 2. Thin, slender. 3. Wasted, diminished, worn away, expended. 4. Destroyed, lost. 5. Injured, broken, torn. 6. Subdued, suppressed. 7. Poor, miserable. E. kṣi to waste, affix kta, deriv. irr.
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण).—see 3. kṣi.
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण).—[adjective] diminished, wasted, exhausted, broken down, thin, emaciated, feeble; [abstract] tā† [feminine], tva† [neuter]
1) Kṣīṇa (क्षीण):—[from kṣi] a mfn. diminished, wasted, expended, lost, destroyed, worn away, waning (as the moon), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Muṇḍaka-upaniṣad; Śvetāśvatara-upaniṣad; Manu-smṛti] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] weakened, injured, broken, torn, emaciated, feeble, [Manu-smṛti vii, 166; Suśruta; Kāśikā-vṛtti on Pāṇini 6-4, 61 & viii, 2, 46 etc.]
3) [v.s. ...] delicate, slender, [Śakuntalā; Gīta-govinda iv, 21; Naiṣadha-carita vii, 81]
4) [v.s. ...] poor, miserable, [Pañcatantra iv, 16 and 32]
5) [v.s. ...] n. Name of a disease of the pudenda muliebria, [Demetrius Galanos’s Lexiko: sanskritikes, anglikes, hellenikes]
6) b See √4. kṣi.
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण):—[(ṇaḥ-ṇā-ṇaṃ) a.] Thin; feeble; wasted; hurt; poor.
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण):—s. u. 3. kṣi .
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण):——
1) Adj. s.u. 3. kṣi —
2) *n. eine best. Krankheit der weiblichen Geschlechtstheile [Galano's Wörterbuch]
Kṣiṇa (क्षिण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Khīṇa, Chīṇa, Jhīṇa.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण) [Also spelled kshin]:—(a) feeble, weak, slender; delicate; languid; impaired; emaciated; ~[kāya] lean and thin, attenuated, emaciated, languid; ~[tā] impairment; emaciation; leanness, thinness; langour; ~[rakta] anaemic; ~[vīrya] enfeebled, impaired, exhausted, dissipated.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Kṣīṇa (ಕ್ಷೀಣ):—
1) [adjective] decreased; that has become less.
2) [adjective] wasted; deteriorated; spoiled.
3) [adjective] of lower quality; inferior; below the standard.
4) [adjective] weak a) lacking in strength of body or muscle; not physically strong; b) lacking vitality; feeble; infirm.
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Kṣīṇa (ಕ್ಷೀಣ):—[noun] the process of growing or making worse; a deteriorated condition; deterioration.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Kṣīṇa (क्षीण):—adj. 1. emaciated; waned; worn away; 2. thin; powerless; weak;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+21): Kshinabala, Kshinacandra, Kshinacantiran, Kshinadeha, Kshinadhana, Kshinadhatu, Kshinagati, Kshinaglapita, Kshinajivita, Kshinakalam, Kshinakalmasha, Kshinakamti, Kshinakarman, Kshinakashaya, Kshinakosha, Kshinamadhya, Kshinamoha, Kshinamohaka, Kshinapana, Kshinapapa.
Full-text (+84): Kshinata, Prakshina, Akshina, Parikshina, Kshinavasin, Kshinapunya, Kshinashakti, Kshinapapa, Kshinavritti, Kshinamadhya, Avakshina, Kshinatva, Kshinavikranta, Kshinadhana, Kshinayus, Kshinatamas, Kshinavat, Apakshina, Vikshina, Kshinakarman.
Relevant text
Search found 60 books and stories containing Kshina, Kṣīṇa, Ksina, Kṣiṇa, Kṣīna; (plurals include: Kshinas, Kṣīṇas, Ksinas, Kṣiṇas, Kṣīnas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 4.71 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]
Text 2.12 < [Chapter 2 - The Natures of Words (śabda)]
Text 10.33 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Bodhisattva quality 1: possession of the dhāraṇīs < [Chapter X - The Qualities of the Bodhisattvas]
II. All the recollections drive away fear < [Part 1 - Position and results of the recollections]
First comparison or upamāna: A magic show (māyā) < [Bodhisattva quality 19: the ten upamānas]
Gommatsara by Acharya Nemichandra (by Bai Bahadur J. L. Jaini)
Chapter 21 - Appendix 1: Inter-relation between 14 spiritual stages and 14 soul-quests < [Volume 1 - Jiva-kanda (the soul)]
Part 6.3 - Introduction to the Spiritual Stages < [Introduction (volume 1)]
Index < [Volume 1 - Jiva-kanda (the soul)]
Journal of Ayurveda and Holistic Medicine
Effect of baladi yapana basti and vajikarana yoga in the management of oligoasthenozoospermia < [Volume 3, issue 6 (2015)]
Scientific review on vamana dravya (emetic drugs) of charaka samhita < [Volume 9, issue 6 (2021)]
Scientific review on Virechana Dravya (Purgative Drugs) of Charaka Samhita < [Volume 11, issue 11 (2023)]
Brahma Sutras (Govinda Bhashya) (by Kusakratha das Brahmacari)
Adhikarana 11: Meditation on the Supreme Personality of Godhead < [Adhyaya 3, Pada 3]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.2.205 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]
Verse 1.7.90-91 < [Chapter 7 - Pūrṇa (pinnacle of excellent devotees)]
Verse 2.3.112 < [Chapter 3 - Bhajana (loving service)]
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