Kshepa, Kṣepa: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Kshepa means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Kṣepa can be transliterated into English as Ksepa or Kshepa, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Kṣepa (क्षेप) refers to one of the four kinds of ābiddha (breaking up), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 29. Ābiddha represents one of the four classes of dhātu (stroke), which relate to different aspects of strokes in playing stringed instruments (tata).
According to the Nāṭyaśāstra, “the ābiddha-dhātus (e.g., kṣepa) will consist respectively of two, three, four and nine strokes made gradually and slowly, and a combination of these”.
The throw (kṣepa, क्षेप) of the limbs must be without any inhibition. What is experienced is a gay abandon. Such throws must be guided by beauty and grace. The word vilāsa signifies this.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Kṣepa (क्षेप) refers to “thin” (e.g., one having thin brows like creepers), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 12), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “Again in the season of autumn will be found the blue and white lotus growing side by side, hovered over by beautiful lines of bees, tender creepers adding beauty to the scene; the season therefore resembles a charming woman with blue eyes, fair face, black hair and thin brows [i.e., bhrūlatā-kṣepa]. As if to view the beauty of the pure disc of her lord—the Moon, the summer lake opens at night her red lotus buds—her eyes of soft petals in which lie concealed the black bee serving as the pupil of the eye”.
Kṣepa (क्षेप).—1. Additive or subtractive quantity/correction. 2. Celestial latitude, see under vikṣepa. Note: Kṣepa is a Sanskrit technical term used in ancient Indian sciences such as Astronomy, Mathematics and Geometry.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
Kṣepa (क्षेप) or Kṣepaka refers to the “interpolator”, according to the principles of Bījagaṇita (“algebra” or ‘science of calculation’), according to Gaṇita-śāstra, ancient Indian mathematics and astronomy.—According to Pṛthūdakasvāmī (860) in his commentary on the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta by Brahmagupta (628): “An optionally chosen number is taken as the lesser root (hrasvamūla). That number, positive or negative, which being added to or subtracted from its square multiplied by the prakṛti (multiplier) gives a result yielding a square-root, is called the interpolator (kṣepaka). And this (resulting) root is called the greater root (jyeṣṭhamūla)”. The interpolator is called by Brahmagupta kṣepa, prakṣepa or prakṣepaka. Śrīpati occasionally employs the synonym kṣipti. When negative, the interpolator is sometimes distinguished as ‘the subtractive’ (śodhaka). The positive interpolator is then called ‘the additive’.
Ganita (गणित) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Kṣepa (क्षेप) refers to one of the male Vidyā-beings mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Kṣepa).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Kṣepa (क्षेप) (Cf. Vikṣepa) refers to “distraction”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “Then, the Lord went on to speak these verses: ‘[...] (49) With the basis of morality, they reflect on verses (pāda) supporting liberation. Thus they remain in the way of happiness and liberation as adorned with morality. (50) They are beyond distraction (vikṣepa) and conceited thoughts (manyanā) by cutting off the afflicted view, and they attain the ultimate perfection after having spread friendliness just as the expense of the sky. (51) Never having abandoned the certainty of reaching awakening (bodhi), they never make false discrimination of awakening. The wise people who are content in that way attain the perfection of the morality’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
kṣēpa (क्षेप).—m S Throwing, flinging, casting. Ex. of comp. kālakṣēpa, dhanakṣēpa, āyuṣyakṣēpa, vṛttikṣēpa, karmakṣēpa, dhairyakṣēpa, avasānakṣēpa, hitōpadēśakṣēpa. 2 Sending away. 3 Celestial latitude. 4 also kṣēpaka m The number which is to be added to or subtracted from a calculation (as of the heavenly bodies) in order to adapt it closely and accurately. 5 kṣēpaka is further A stanza, sentence &c. inserted into the writings of one man by another. This may be, but is not necessarily, an interpolation or passage surreptitiously foisted in. 6 A single time or occasion; an instance of occurrence: also a single operation or action, or the whole period occupied by it; as dētākṣēpēṃ, ghētākṣēpēṃ, pāhatākṣēpīṃ, jēvatākṣēpīṃ. See the examples under the third sense of khēpa; noting that, whilst khēpa enjoys all freedom, kṣēpa appears especially in the oblique cases.
kṣēpa (क्षेप).—m Throwing. Celestial latitude. A single time or occasion.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kṣepa (क्षेप).—[kṣip-ghañ]
1) Throwing, tossing, casting, moving about, movement (of limbs); कुन्दक्षेपानुगम (kundakṣepānugama) Meghadūta 49; भ्रूक्षे- पमात्रानुमतप्रवेशाम् (bhrūkṣe- pamātrānumatapraveśām) Kumārasambhava 3.6.
2) A throw, cast.
3) Sending, dispatching.
4) Depression; striking down.
5) Transgressing.
6) Passing away (time); कालक्षेपः (kālakṣepaḥ).
7) Delay, dilatoriness.
8) Insult, abuse; क्षेपं संप्राप्तवांस्तत्र (kṣepaṃ saṃprāptavāṃstatra) Rām.12.49.56; क्षेपं करोति चेद्दण्ड्यः (kṣepaṃ karoti ceddaṇḍyaḥ) Y.2.24; किं क्षेपे (kiṃ kṣepe). P.II.1.64.
9) Disrespect, contempt.
1) Pride, haughtiness.
11) A nosegay.
12) A stroke (of an oar &c.).
13) Laying on (as a paint &c.), besmearing.
14) (in arith.) Addendum.
15) The astronomical latitude; Golādh.
Derivable forms: kṣepaḥ (क्षेपः).
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Kṣepa (क्षेप).—&c. See under क्षिप् (kṣip).
Kṣepa (क्षेप).—m.
(-paḥ) 1. Sending, dismissing. 2. Throwing, casting. 3. Pride, haughtiness. 4. Delay, dilatoriness. 5. Disrespect, contempt. 6. Passing away time, 7. Abuse, reviling. 8. A clump of flowers, &c. 9. (In arithmetic, &c.) Additive quantity, addendum. E. kṣip to throw affix ghañ.
Kṣepa (क्षेप).—i. e. kṣip + a, m. 1. Throwing, moving, [Rāmāyaṇa] 4, 62, 12. 2. Abuse, [Yājñavalkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 2, 204. 3. A nosegay, [Meghadūta, (ed. Gildemeister.)] 48.
Kṣepa (क्षेप).—[masculine] throwing, a throw or cast; loss (of time), delay; insult, abuse; accusation.
1) Kṣepa (क्षेप):—[from kṣip] a m. a throw, cast, [Horace H. Wilson]
2) [v.s. ...] throwing, casting, tossing, [Horace H. Wilson]
3) [v.s. ...] stretching (as of the legs), [Suśruta]
4) [v.s. ...] a clap (of wings), [Rāmāyaṇa iv, 62, 12]
5) [v.s. ...] a stroke (of an oar etc.), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. apaṭī-kṣ, dṛṣṭi-kṣ, bhrūkṣ, saṭā-kṣ)
6) [v.s. ...] moving to and fro, [Meghadūta 47]
7) [v.s. ...] sending, dismissing, [Horace H. Wilson]
8) [v.s. ...] laying on (as paint etc.) besmearing, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) [v.s. ...] transgressing (laṅghana), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
10) [v.s. ...] delay, procrastination, dilatoriness, [Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha]
11) [v.s. ...] ‘loss’ See manaḥ-kṣ
12) [v.s. ...] accusation, [Yājñavalkya ii, 210]
13) [v.s. ...] ([Pāṇini 2-1, 26 and v, 4, 46]) insult, invective, abuse, reviling, [Mahābhārata i, 555; iii, 631; Yājñavalkya ii, 204 and 211]
14) [v.s. ...] disrespect, contempt, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
15) [v.s. ...] pride, haughtiness, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
16) [v.s. ...] application of a term to something else, [Bādarāyaṇa’s Brahma-sūtra iv, 1, 6 [Scholiast or Commentator]]
17) [v.s. ...] a nosegay, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
18) [v.s. ...] (in [arithmetic]) an additive quantity, addendum
19) [v.s. ...] the astronomical latitude, [Sūryasiddhānta; Golādhyāya]
20) b paka, pana, etc. See √kṣip.
Kṣepa (क्षेप):—(graḥ) 1. m. Sending, throwing; pride; delay; contempt; passing away time; abuse; clump of flowers; quantity to be added.
Kṣepa (क्षेप):—(von 1. kṣip) m.
1) Wurf, das Werfen; das Bewegen, Hinundherbewegen [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha 2, 294.] [Medinīkoṣa Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 4.] pakṣakṣepa [Rāmāyaṇa 4, 62, 12.] sakthnoḥ [Suśruta 1, 256, 7.] saṭākṣepa [Devīmāhātmya 8, 19.] sadṛṣṭikṣepam die Augen herumgehen lassend, um sich blickend [Śākuntala 12, 7. 39, 6. 52, 1. 93, 15. 105, 3.] [Mālavikāgnimitra 45, 7. 23.] bhrūkṣepa eine Bewegung der Brauen [Rāmāyaṇa 5, 63, 10.] [Kumārasaṃbhava 3, 60.] Vgl. apaṭīkṣepa . —
2) das Niederschlagen, Niederdrücken; s. manaḥkṣepa . —
3) das Beschmieren, Bestreichen (lepana) [Medinīkoṣa] —
4) das Ueberschreiten (laṅghana) [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] —
5) das Verstreichenlassen (der Zeit), unnützer Aufwand von Zeit; = vilamba [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] Vgl. kālakṣepa . —
6) Tadel, Schmähung [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 271.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 2, 1, 26. 5, 4, 46.] [Vopadeva’s Grammatik 25, 8.] satyāsatyānyathāstotrairnyūnāṅgendriyarogiṇām . kṣepaṃ karoti ceddaṇḍyaḥ paṇānardhatrayodaśa .. [Yājñavalkya’s Gesetzbuch 2, 204. 211.] patanīyakṛte kṣepe [210.] kṣepayuktairvacobhiḥ [Mahābhārata 1, 555.] kṣepaṃ cātmani [3, 631.] Geringachtung (helā) [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] —
7) Hochmuth (garva) [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] —
8) Blumenstrauss (den man sich zuwirft) [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 2, 4, 5.] kundakṣepa [Meghadūta 48.] —
9) (in der Mathem.) die hinzuzuaddirende Zahl [Algebra 19. 113. 171. 363.]
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Kṣepa (क्षेप):—
1) bhrāmaṇairlaṅghanaiḥ kṣepairāsphoṭanavikarṣaṇaiḥ . cikrīḍatuḥ [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 10, 18, 12.] —
5) Aufschub, Frist, Zeitverlauf [SARVADARŚANAS. 10, 1.] —
10) Himmelsbreite [Sūryasiddhānta 4, 20.] kṣepānayana [GOLĀDHY. 6, 20.]
Kṣepa (क्षेप):—m. —
1) Wurf. —
2) das Werfen , so v.a. schnelles Hinundherbewegen. —
3) das Hinundhergeworfenwerden , -schwanken [Meghadūta 47.] —
4) *das Aufstreichen von Salbe oder Tünche. —
5) *das Ueberschreiten ( laṅghana). —
6) Aufschub , Frist , Zeitverlauf. —
7) jactura , Verlust in manaḥ. —
8) Beschuldigung [Yājñavalkya’s Gesetzbuch 2,210.] —
9) Schmähung , Schimpf. —
10) Uebertragung [Śaṃkarācārya .zu.Bādarāyaṇa’s Brahmasūtra 4,1,6.] —
11) *Hochmuth. —
12) *Blumenstrauss. —
13) die hinzuzuaddirende Zahl. —
14) Himmelsbreite.
Kṣepa (क्षेप) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Khea, Kheva, Cheha, Choha.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Kṣēpa (ಕ್ಷೇಪ):—[noun] = ಕ್ಷೇಪಣ [kshepana].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+5): Kshepadharman, Kshepadina, Kshepak, Kshepaka, Kshepaki, Kshepan, Kshepana, Kshepanasara, Kshepanem, Kshepani, Kshepanigrahasakthi, Kshepanika, Kshepanikashastra, Kshepanikshepa, Kshepaniya, Kshepapada, Kshepapada, Kshepapata, Kshepara, Ksheparananda.
Full-text (+170): Nikshepa, Vikshepa, Sankshepa, Upakshepa, Prakshepa, Parikshepa, Akshepa, Utkshepa, Adhikshepa, Avakshepa, Kalakshepa, Bhrukshepa, Pratikshepa, Apatikshepa, Nihkshepa, Upasamkshepa, Drikkshepa, Drishtikshepa, Kshepavritta, Manahkshepa.
Relevant text
Search found 43 books and stories containing Kshepa, Kṣepa, Ksepa, Kṣēpa; (plurals include: Kshepas, Kṣepas, Ksepas, Kṣēpas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brahmasphutasiddhanta by Brahmagupta (Introduction) (by Acharyavara Ram Swarup Sharma)
Part 7 - Brahmagupta: A great critic < [Chapter 12 - Brahmagupta's Astronomy: Its Highlights]
Part 22 - Lemmas of Brahmagupta < [Chapter 10 - Brahmagupta as an Algebraist]
Part 11 - Quadratic Equations (in ancient Indian Algebra) < [Chapter 10 - Brahmagupta as an Algebraist]
Yajnavalkya-smriti (Vyavaharadhyaya)—Critical study (by Kalita Nabanita)
Chapter 5.16 - Laws Relating to the Use of Abusive Words and Defamation < [Chapter 5 - Modern Indian Laws reflected from the Vyavahārādhyāya]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
Effect of punarnavadi churna with kati basti in gridhrasi wsr to sciatica- a clinical study < [2018, Issue VIII, August]
A clinical review of tila tail matra basti in the management of gridhrasi w.s.r to sciatica < [2021, Issue 7, July]
Agnikarma with tamra shalaka in the management of gridhrasi w.s.r to sciatica - a case study < [2021, Issue 7, July]
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Ayurvedic management of gridhrasi w.s.r. sciatica-a case study < [2022: Volume 11, August issue 11]
A review atical on gridharasi < [2021: Volume 10, October issue 12]
Review on gridhrasi < [2023: Volume 12, April issue 5]
International Research Journal of Ayurveda and Yoga
Ayurvedic Management of Gridhrasi W.S.R. Lumbago SciaticaSyndrome with... < [Vol. 8 No. 4: Apr (2025)]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 3.6.35 < [Chapter 6 - The Test of Śrī Kṛṣṇa]