Kshemendra, Kṣemendra, Kshema-indra: 10 definitions

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1. Sanskrit
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Introduction:

Kshemendra means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit term Kṣemendra can be transliterated into English as Ksemendra or Kshemendra, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

In Hinduism

Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-śāstra

Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र) or Kṣemendrarasa is the name of an Ayurvedic recipe defined in the fifth volume of the Rasajalanidhi (chapter 2, Rajayakshma: phthisis). These remedies are classified as Iatrochemistry and form part of the ancient Indian science known as Rasaśāstra (medical alchemy). However, since it is an ayurveda treatment it should be taken with caution and in accordance with rules laid down in the texts.

Accordingly, when using such recipes (e.g., kṣemendra-rasa): “the minerals (uparasa), poisons (viṣa), and other drugs (except herbs), referred to as ingredients of medicines, are to be duly purified and incinerated, as the case may be, in accordance with the processes laid out in the texts.” (see introduction to Iatro chemical medicines)

context information

Rasashastra (रसशास्त्र, rasaśāstra) is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.

Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)

Source: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literature

Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र) (11th century) is one among the Kashmiri scholars who glorified the legacy of rhetorics with a new interpretation of the soul of poetry namely aucitya. He is not only a poetician but also a scholar of high repute. His compositions focus on a wide range of topics which mark his indepth knowledge on various subjects including treatises on poetics and prosody. He composed Kāvyas, Mahākāvyas, a drama, many didactic poems, poetical epitomes of the Rāmāyaṇa, the Mahābhārata and Bṛhatkathā of Guṇāḍhya (which is lost to us).

Kṣemendra was otherwise known as Vyāsadāsa as most of the colophons of his works attribute to him. He was the son of Prakāśendra, grandson of Sindhu and father of Somendra and also the brother of Cakrapāla. He was also the descendant of Narendra, the minister of King Jayāpīḍa. Kṣemenda was the disciple of Abhinavagupta, and Somapāda, who was well versed in Bhāgavata. He also studied under Gaṅgaka and Vīryabhadra (a Buddhist). He was the preceptor of Bhaṭṭa Udaya Siṃha and prince Lakṣmaṇāditya.

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Chandas (छन्दस्) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: WikiPedia: Hinduism

Kshemendra (c. 990 – c. 1070 CE) was a Kashmirian poet of the 11th century, writing in Sanskrit. Born into an old, cultured, and affluent family, both his education and literary output were broad and varied. He studied literature under "the foremost teacher of his time, the celebrated Shaiva philosopher and literary exponent Abhinavagupta". He also studied — and wrote about — both Vaishnavism and Buddhism.

Kshemendra’s literary career extended from at least 1037 (his earliest dated work, Brihatkathāmanjari, a verse summary of the lost "Northwestern" Bṛhatkathā; itself a recension of Gunadhya's lost Bṛhatkathā — "Great Story") to 1066 (his latest dated work, Daśavataracharita, "an account of the ten incarnations of the god Visnu"). In addition to the genres listed below, Kshemendra also composed plays, descriptive poems, a satirical novel, a history, and possibly a commentary on the Kāma Sūtra (all now known only through references in other works).

India history and geography

Source: OpenEdition books: Vividhatīrthakalpaḥ (History)

Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र) (or Khemarāya) (ca. 897-922) refers to one of the seven kings of the Cāpotkaṭa dynasty of Gujarat, as is mentioned in the Vividhatīrthakalpa by Jinaprabhasūri (13th century A.D.): an ancient text devoted to various Jaina holy places (tīrthas).—Jinaprabha lists the seven kings of the Cāpotkaṭa dynasty, of which Aṇahilapura (Pātan) was the capital: Vāṇarāya, Jogarāya, Khemarāya, Bhūaḍa, Vayarasīha, Rayaṇāicca, Sāmaṃtasīha.

Cf. “Navsāri grant of Pulakeśī Janāśrāya” (Vocr p. 230, cited by Sankalia 1941 p. 36); Ratnamālā; Prabandhacintāmaṇi (14.26-15.4); Kumārapālacarita; Sukṛtasaṃkīrtana (quoted Burgess 1903 p. 7); JBBRAS IX p. 155.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र).—Name of a celebrated poet of Kashmir (author of brahatkathā, bhārata- mañjarī &c.).

Derivable forms: kṣemendraḥ (क्षेमेन्द्रः).

Kṣemendra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms kṣema and indra (इन्द्र).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र).—[masculine] [Name] of [several] authors.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

1) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—Madanamahārṇava jy. B. 4, 170.

2) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र):—Lokaprakāśa. W. p. 224. Report. Xxii.

3) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र):—Sārasvataprakriyāṭīkā. B. 3, 30. Np. Ix, 42.

4) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र):—also vyāsadāsa son of Prakāśendra, grandson of Sindhu, learned Sāhitya from Abhinavagupta, and religion from Soma. His upādhyāya was Gaṅgaka. He lived under Anantarāja of Kāśmīr (1029-64), whom he praises in the Suvṛttatilaka, and under his son Kalaśa. Report. p. 46. He was the father of Somendra, and guru of Udayasiṃha, and Rājaputra Lakṣmaṇāditya. Verses of his are extracted in Śp. p. 19, [Subhāshitāvali by Vallabhadeva] Padyāvalī: Amṛtataraṅga. Quoted in Kavikaṇṭhābharaṇa. Avasarasāra. Quoted in Aucityavicāracarcā. Aucityavicāracarcā. Bühler 542. Kanakajānakī. Quoted in Kavik. Kalāvilāsakāvya. L. 80. Kh. 83. Bik. 707. Kavikaṇṭhābharaṇa. P. 10. Proceed. Asb. 1870, 313. Bühler 542. Kṣemendraprakāśa. Quoted Oxf. 38^b. Caturvargasaṃgraha. Peters. 1, 115. Quoted in Auc. p. 13. Cārucaryā. L. 2440. Report. Xxxiii. Citrabhārata nāṭaka. Quoted in Auc. Kavik. Darpadalana. Io. 2543. H. 63. Peters. 1, 115. Bühler 540. Daśāvatāracaritra, composed in 1061 under the reign of Kalaśa. Report. Ix. Lxi. Bik. 228. Kāśīn. 16. Deśopadeśa. Quoted in Kavik. Dānapārijāta. L. 2822. Nītikalpataru. Report. Xxiii. Nītilatā. Quoted in Auc. Padyakādambarī. Quoted in Kavik. Pavamānapañcāśikā. Quoted in Suvṛttatil. 3, 22. Bṛhatkathāmañjarī. Bauddhāvadānakalpalatā buddhistic. Bendall Catal. p. 18. 41. Quoted in Auc. Mahābhāratamañjarī. Report. X. Lxiv. Ba. 16. Lahore. 2. Bhk. 39. Muktāvalī kāvya. Quoted in Auc. and Kavik. Munimatamīmāṃsā. Quoted in Auc. Rājāvalī. Mentioned in Rājataraṅgiṇī 1, 13. Rāmāyaṇakathāsāra. Report. Xii. Lxxxii. Lalitaratnamālā. Quoted in Auc. Lāvaṇyavatī kāvya. Quoted in Auc. and Kavik. Vātsyāyanasūtrasāra. Quoted in Auc. and in Pañcasāyaka Bik. 534. Vinayavalli. Quoted in Auc. Vetālapañcaviṃśati from Bṛhatkathāmañjarī. Burnell. 167^a. Vyāsāṣṭaka. Quoted in Auc. and Mahābhāratamañjarī. Śaśivaṃśa. Quoted in Kavik. Samayamātṛkā. Report. Xiii. Suvṛttatilaka. Report. Xviii. Peters. 1, 5. Sevyasevakopadeśa. Peters. 3, 397.

5) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र):—son of Bhūdhara, a Nāgara brahman of Rājanagara, wrote by order of Śaṅkaralāla, chief of Pitlad: Lipiviveka. Ba. 12. 18. P. 15. Mātṛkāviveka. Poona. 288.

6) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र):—son of Yaduśarman, from Gurjara: Hastijanaprakāśa. See Kāvyamālā 1, 115. Peters. 1, 11.

7) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र):—Darpadalana. delete Peters. 1, 115.

8) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र):—son of Haribhadra:
—[commentary] on Narendra's Dhātupāṭha of the Sarasvatī grammar.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Kṣemendra (क्षेमेन्द्र):—[from kṣema] m. Name of a celebrated poet of Kaśmīr (surnamed Vyāsa-dāsa and flourishing in the middle of the eleventh century, author of the Bṛhat-kathā (-mañjarī), Bhārata-mañjarī, Kalā-vilāsa, Rāmāyaṇa-mañjarī or -kathā-sāra, Daśāvatāra-carita, Samaya-mātṛkā, Vyāsāṣṭaka, Suvṛtta-tilaka, Loka-prakāśa, Nīti-kalpataru, Rājāvalī)

2) [v.s. ...] Name of a Śaiva philosopher (who is probably identical with -rāja; he is the author of the Spanda-nirṇaya and Spanda-saṃdoha)

3) [v.s. ...] Name of the author of the Aucityālaṃkāra and of the Kavi-kaṇṭhābharaṇa.

[Sanskrit to German]

Kshemendra in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Search found 18 books and stories containing Kshemendra, Kṣema-indra, Ksema-indra, Kṣemendra, Ksemendra, Kshema-indra; (plurals include: Kshemendras, indras, Kṣemendras, Ksemendras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Kashmir and the Fine Arts < [March 1939]

Book Reviews < [October 1987 – March 1989]

Indian Aesthetics and Telugu Poetry Today < [January – March, 2008]

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Part 5 - Some prominent Kashmiri Sanskrit poets < [Chapter I - Introduction]

Part 4b - Chandas (2): Jāti type of metre (mātrāchandas) < [Chapter III - Literary Assessment Of The Śrīkaṇṭhacarita]

Bibliography (original works)

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Introduction

Rāvaṇārjunīya of Bhaṭṭabhīma < [Chapter 1 - Śāstrakāvyas—A Brief Survey]

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Sarvaṃdadavadāna (Sibi Jātaka) < [Chapter 3 - Amarāvatī and the Formative Stage of the Buddhist Art]