Krurakarman, Krura-karman, Krurakarma, Krūrakarma, Krūrakarmā, Krūrakarman: 13 definitions
Introduction:
Krurakarman means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Krūrakarma (क्रूरकर्म) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. XIV.8.24, XIV.8) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Krūrakarma) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्) was a soldier in Sunītha and Sūryaprabha’s army whose strength is considered as equaling a tripple-power warrior (triguṇaratha), according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 47. Accordingly, as the Asura Maya explained the arrangement of warriors in Sunītha’s army: “... [Krūrakarman, and others], these princes are of triple power”.
The story of Krūrakarman was narrated by the Vidyādhara king Vajraprabha to prince Naravāhanadatta in order to relate how “Sūryaprabha, being a man, obtain of old time the sovereignty over the Vidyādharas”.
The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Krūrakarman, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)
Krūrakarmā (क्रूरकर्मा) is another name for Kuṭumbinī, an unidentified medicinal plant, according to verse 5.78-80 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The fifth chapter (parpaṭādi-varga) of this book enumerates sixty varieties of smaller plants (kṣudra-kṣupa). Together with the names Krūrakarmā and Kuṭumbinī, there are a total of twelve Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Krūrakarma (क्रूरकर्म) refers to “cruel”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “This most powerful [and] cruel death (krūrakarma—kālo'yaṃ krūrakarmā) devours against their will the life of those who possess a body that has settled in the middle world, in hell, in the world of Brahmā, in Indra’s abode, in the middle of the ocean, inside the forest, at all quarters of the globe, on a mountain-peak, in a place difficult of access on account of fire, forest, cold, darkness, thunderbolts [and] swords, or in [a place] crowded with a troop of ruttish elephants”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्).—n.
1) a bloody act.
2) any hard labour. -a. doing a bloody act; अहं क्रूरकर्मा जात्या चाण्डालः (ahaṃ krūrakarmā jātyā cāṇḍālaḥ) K.
Krūrakarman is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms krūra and karman (कर्मन्).
Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्).—I. n. 1. a cruel deed, [Suśruta] 1, 106, 1. 2. a hard work, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] [distich] 37 v. r. Ii. adj. 1. practising cruel deeds, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 74. 2. f. aṇī, cruel, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 75, 6.
Krūrakarman is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms krūra and karman (कर्मन्).
Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्).—1. [neuter] a bloody or cruel work.
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Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्).—2. [adjective] doing cruel deeds.
1) Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्):—[=krūra-karman] [from krūra] n. a bloody or terrible deed, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa v; Suśruta]
2) [v.s. ...] any hard or difficult labour, [Śakuntalā] ([varia lectio])
3) [v.s. ...] mfn. performing bloody or terrible deeds, fierce, cruel, unrelenting, [Mahābhārata iii, 13253; Rāmāyaṇa; Pañcatantra; Vetāla-pañcaviṃśatikā]
4) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a plant (= kaṭu-tumbinī), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्):—[krūra-karman] (rmmā-rmmā-rmma) a. Fierce, cruel.
Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्):—1. (krūra + karman) n.
1) Blutthat, Gräuelthat [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 5, 4, 3, 12.] [Suśruta 1, 106, 1.] krūrakarmakṛt ein reissendes Thier [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 12, 58.] —
2) eine harte, schwere Arbeit [Śākuntala 37, v. l.]
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Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्):—2. (wie eben)
1) adj. Blutthaten —, Gräuelthaten verübend [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 1, 31.] [Pañcatantra I, 74.] [Vetālapañcaviṃśati 26, 13.] —
2) m. Name einer Pflanze (kaṭutumbinī; wohl = kaṭutumbī, da tumbinī = kaṭutumbī ist) [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma]
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Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्):—1.
1) krūrakarmakṛt Grausamkeiten verübend [Halāyudha 2, 217.]
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Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्):—2.
1) Rohheiten verübend [Spr. 942.]
Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्):—1. n. —
1) Blutthat , Gräuelthat. —
2) eine harte , schwere Arbeit.
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Krūrakarman (क्रूरकर्मन्):—2. —
1) Adj. Grausamkeiten — , Rohheiten verübend. —
2) *m. eine best. Pflanze [Rājan 5,76.]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Krūrakarma (ಕ್ರೂರಕರ್ಮ):—[noun] a cruel act; a deliberate inflicting of paid and suffering.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Krūrakarmā (क्रूरकर्मा):—adj. performing terrible/cruel deeds;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Krura, Karma.
Starts with: Krurakarmakarmakrit.
Full-text: Krurakarmakrit, Krurakarmakarmakrit, Krurakrit, Krura, Krurkarma, Tumbini, Katutumbini, Jalavyala, Kutumbini, Candala.
Relevant text
Search found 14 books and stories containing Krurakarman, Krura-karma, Krūra-karma, Krūra-karmā, Krura-karman, Krūra-karman, Krurakarma, Krūrakarma, Krūrakarmā, Krūrakarman; (plurals include: Krurakarmans, karmas, karmās, karmans, Krurakarmas, Krūrakarmas, Krūrakarmās, Krūrakarmans). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 603 < [Hindi-Bengali-English Volume 1]
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Page 463 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 1]
Isanasivagurudeva Paddhati (study) (by J. P. Prajith)
19. Description of Durga (rites and rituals) < [Chapter 4 - Worship of Gods and Goddesses]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Page 394 < [Volume 24 (1918)]
Hanuman Nataka (critical study) (by Nurima Yeasmin)
Hayanaratna: The Jewel of Annual Astrology (by Martin Gansten)
7. The Sixth House (ṣaṣṭha-bhāva) < [Chapter 6 - Judging the Twelve Houses]