Kritya, aka: Kṛtya; 8 Definition(s)

Introduction

Kritya means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit term Kṛtya can be transliterated into English as Krtya or Kritya, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

In Hinduism

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Kṛtya (कृत्य).—lit. that which should be done; the word कृत्य (kṛtya) is used as a tech nical term in grammar in the sense of kṛt affixes which possess the sense 'should be done'. Pāṇini has not defined the term कृत्य (kṛtya) but he has introduced a topic (अधिकार (adhikāra)) by the name कृत्य (kṛtya) (P. III.1.95), and mentioned kṛt afixes therein which are to be called कृत्य (kṛtya) right on upto the mention of the affix ण्वुल् (ṇvul). in P.III. 1.133; cf. कृत्याः प्राङ् ण्वुलः (kṛtyāḥ prāṅ ṇvulaḥ) P. III. 1.95 The kṛtya affixes, commonly found in use, are तव्य, अनीय (tavya, anīya) and य (ya) (यत्, क्यप् (yat, kyap) and ण्यत् (ṇyat)).

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

1) Kṛtyā (कृत्या).—(KṚTYAKĀ) I. A Rākṣasī who is born when the black arts as enunciated in the Atharvaveda are practised to annihilate enemies. Kṛtyā may appear in male form too. Some of the activities of Kṛtyā are given below. Carried off Duryodhana. While the Pāṇḍavas were living in exile in the forest, Duryodhana and others went in a procession to the forest. Though Duryodhana was taken into captivity in the forest by a Gandharva, Arjuna saved him out of fraternal consideration for him. Duryodhana returned to Hastināpura. Now the question was whether half of the kingdom should be given to the Pāṇḍavas or not. Śakuni and others advised Duryodhana to give it, but the latter remained adamant against it. Dhṛtarāṣṭra decided to end his life and for the purpose spread darbha grass on earth and sat thereon. The Asuras heard about these developments and created a Kṛtyā by mantras. The Kṛtyā took Duryodhana to Pātāla where the Asuras advised him against any compromise with the Pāṇḍavas. On the other hand they wanted him to intensify his hatred against the Pāṇḍavas, and they assured him all support. After that Kṛtyā took Duryodhana back to Hastināpura. (Vana Parva, Chapter 252). (See full article at Story of Kṛtyā from the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani)

2) Kṛtyā (कृत्या).—A river. Indians used to drink water from this river. (Bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 9 Verse 18).

Kṛtyā (कृत्या) refers to the name of a River mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. VI.10.17). Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Kṛtyā) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

kṛtya (कृत्य).—n (S) An act, action, deed, fact. 2 A problem.

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kṛtyā (कृत्या).—f (S) A female deity to whom sacrifices are offered for destructive and magical purposes. Hence applied to a clamorous and quarrelsome woman; a vixen, scold, virago.

kṛtya (कृत्य).—n An act, action, deed. A problem.

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kṛtyā (कृत्या).—f A female deity to whom sacri- fices are offered for destructive or magical purposes. Hence applied to a clamorous and quarrelsome woman, a vixen, scold, virago.

Sanskrit-English dictionary

Kṛtya (कृत्य).—a. [kṛ-kyap; cf. P.III.1.12]

1) What should or ought to be done, right, proper, fit; साधु पर्याप्तमेता- वत्कृत्यश्चारित्रसंग्रहः (sādhu paryāptametā- vatkṛtyaścāritrasaṃgrahaḥ) Rām.7.13.18.

2) Feasible, practicable.

3) One who may be seduced from allegiance, treacherous; Rāj. T.5.247.

-tyam 1 What ought to be done, duty, (itikṛtya) function; Ms.2.237;7.67.

2) Work, business, deed, commission; बन्धुकृत्यम् (bandhukṛtyam) Me.116; अन्योन्यकृत्यैः (anyonyakṛtyaiḥ) Ś.7.34.

3) Purpose, object, end; कूजद्भि- रापादितवंशकृत्यम् (kūjadbhi- rāpāditavaṃśakṛtyam) R.2.12; Ku.4.15.

4) Motive, cause; किमागमनकृत्यं ते देवगन्धर्वसेवित (kimāgamanakṛtyaṃ te devagandharvasevita) Rām.7.21.4.

-tyaḥ A class of affixes used to form potential (future) passive participle; these are तव्य, अनीय, य (tavya, anīya, ya) and also एलिम (elima).

-tyā 1 Action, deed.

2) Magic.

3) A female deity to whom sacrifices are offered for destructive and magical purposes; परं यत्नमकरोद्यो मे पापकृत्यां शमयेदिति (paraṃ yatnamakarodyo me pāpakṛtyāṃ śamayediti) Mb.1.31.11.

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Kṛtya (कृत्य).—(from kṛnt) An instrument of an architect; अन्येषु शिल्पेषु च यान्यपि स्युः सर्वाणि कृत्यान्यखिलेन तत्र (anyeṣu śilpeṣu ca yānyapi syuḥ sarvāṇi kṛtyānyakhilena tatra) Mb. 1.194.6.

Derivable forms: kṛtyam (कृत्यम्).

Kṛtya (कृत्य).—mfn.

(-tyaḥ-tyā-tyaṃ) 1. To be done or performed. 2. To be rendered murderous or mischievous, hired as an assassin, seduced from allegiance or alliance, hostile through covetousness, &c. f.

(-tyā) 1. Action, act. 2. A female deity, to whom sacrifices are offered for destructive and magical purposes. 3. Magic. 4. A pestilence. n.

(-tyaṃ) 1. Motive, cause. 2. The class of affixes in grammar forming nouns corresponding to gerunds and supines, chiefly with a passive signification, but sometimes active, and sometimes abstract nouns. E. kṛt, to injure, to divide &c. kyap or yat affixed, or kṛt, to injure, vun affix, and ya inserted.

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