Koka, Kokā: 25 definitions
Introduction:
Koka means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-śāstraKoka (कोक) is a Sanskrit word, identified with Phoenix sylvestris (wild date palm) by various scholars in their translation of the Śukranīti. This tree is mentioned as bearing good fruits. The King should plant such domestic plants in and near villages. He should nourish them by stoole of goats, sheep and cows, water as well as meat.
The following is an ancient Indian recipe for such nourishment of trees:
According to Śukranīti 4.4.105-109: “The trees (such as koka) are to be watered in the morning and evening in summer, every alternate day in winter, in the fifth part of the day (i.e., afternoon) in spring, never in the rainy season. If trees have their fruits destroyed, the pouring of cold water after being cooked together with Kulutha, Māṣa (seeds), Mudga (pulse), Yava (barley) and Tila (oil seed) would lead to the growth of flowers and fruits. Growth of trees can be helped by the application of water with which fishes are washed and cleansed.”
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaKoka (कोक).—(Cakravāka bird). Ruddy Goose. To know the Purāṇic story about the origin of this bird (Ruddy goose) see under 'Arayanna' (Swan).
Source: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and placesKoka (कोक) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IX.44.55) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Koka) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
Kokā also refers to the name of a River mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. VI.10.33).
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: archive.org: Naisadhacarita of SriharsaKoka (कोक) refers to a Cakravāka bird, and is mentioned in the Naiṣadha-carita 7.77; 21.162. Cf. Haravijaya 23.12.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Source: Shodhganga: Portrayal of Animal Kingdom (Tiryaks) in Epics An Analytical studyKoka (कोक) refers to the Ruddy Shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea), according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraKoka (कोक) refers to the “ruddy goose”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 12), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The Earth, by means of her arms, the waves, adorned by the lotus, the swan, the ruddy goose [koka] and the water-crow appears to welcome the appearance of Agastya with her offerings of gems, abundant flowers and fruits. The poisonous and hot waters poured down by cloud-covered serpents by order of Indra become pure and fit for use on the reappearance of the star Canopus”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Kama-shastra (the science of Love-making)
Source: Wikipedia: KāmaśāstraKoka (कोक) or Kokkoka is the author of the Ratirahasya (also known as the Kokaśāstra)—a medieval Indian sex manua.—Kokkoka was a poet, who is variously described as Koka or Koka Pundit (Kokapaṇḍita). The exact date of its writing is not known, but it is estimated the text was written in the 11th or 12th century. It is speculated that Ratirahasya was written to please a king by the name Venudutta. Kokkoka describes himself in the book as siddha patiya pandita, i.e. "an ingenious man among learned men". The manual was written in Sanskrit.
Kamashastra (कामशास्त्र, kāmaśāstra) deals with ancient Indian science of love-making, passion, emotions and other related topics dealing with the pleasures of the senses.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper NamesA hunter. While on his way to the forest with his dogs he meets a monk. He bags no game that day and blames the monk, whom he again meets on his way home. Koka sets his dogs on the monk, and when the latter climbs a tree, pierces the soles of his feet with arrows. The monks cloak falls upon the hunter, completely covering him. The dogs, thinking that the monk has fallen from the tree, devour their own master. The monk, fearing that he is to blame, seeks the Buddha, who reassures him and relates the story of a wicked physician who cajoled a boy into catching a snake, pretending that it was a bird. When the boy discovered that it was a snake, he threw it on the physicians head, who died from its bite.
The physician is identified with Koka. DhA.iii.31f.
The story of the past is evidently derived from the Saliya Jataka, which, however, according to the Jataka Commentary, was related in reference, not to Koka, but to Devadatta. (J.iii.202f).
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A palace occupied by Siddattha Buddha in his last lay life. Bu.xvii.14.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and DrugsKoka in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Nymphaea rubra Roxb. ex Andrews from the Nymphaeaceae (Waterlily) family having the following synonyms: Nymphaea rosea, Leuconymphaea rubra, Nymphaea magnifica. For the possible medicinal usage of koka, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)1) Koka in Hawaii is the name of a plant defined with Bischofia javanica in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Bischofi a roeperiana Decne. (among others).
2) Koka in India is also identified with Nymphaea capensis It has the synonym Nymphaea emirnensis Planch. (etc.).
3) Koka is also identified with Nymphaea nouchali It has the synonym Nymphaea bernierana Planch. (etc.).
4) Koka in Japan is also identified with Erythroxylum coca It has the synonym Erythroxylum chilpei E. Machado (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Brittonia (2004)
· Anales Cientificos (1968)
· Flora of Ecuador (1989)
· Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal (1833)
· Botanical Museum Leaflets (1978)
· Journal of Japanese Botany (1981)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Koka, for example diet and recipes, side effects, pregnancy safety, health benefits, chemical composition, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarykoka : (m.) a wolf.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary1) Koka, 2 (cp. Sk. koka) N. of a tree, Phœnix sylvestris: see keka. (Page 227)
2) Koka, 1 (not=Sk. koka, cuckoo) a wolf J. VI, 525; Nd1 13= Nd2 420; Miln. 267=J. V, 416. °vighāsa remainder of a wolf’s meal Vin. III, 58. (Page 227)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKoka (कोक).—[kuk-ādāne ac Tv.]
1) A wolf; वने यूथपरिभ्रष्टा मृगी कोकैरिवार्दिता (vane yūthaparibhraṣṭā mṛgī kokairivārditā) Rām.5.25.5.
2) The ruddy goose (cakravāka); कोकानां करुणस्वरेण सदृशी दीर्घा मदभ्यर्थना (kokānāṃ karuṇasvareṇa sadṛśī dīrghā madabhyarthanā) Gītagovinda 5.
3) A cuckoo जनितकोकनदानि जलाशये, शरदि कोकनदानि चका- शिरे (janitakokanadāni jalāśaye, śaradi kokanadāni cakā- śire) Rām. Ch.4.62; हिरण्मया हस्तिमृगाश्च कोकाः (hiraṇmayā hastimṛgāśca kokāḥ) Bu. Ch.2.22.
4) A frog.
5) Name of Viṣṇu.
6) A wild lizard.
7) A wild date tree.
Derivable forms: kokaḥ (कोकः).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryKoka (कोक).—m.
(-kaḥ) 1. A wolf. 2. The ruddy goose. 3. A frog. 4. A lizard, a chameleon. 5. The wild date tree. 6. A name of Vishnu. E. kuk to seize or take, or ka water, uk to go, affix ac.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKoka (कोक).—m. 1. A wolf, [Rāmāyaṇa] 5, 26, 9. 2. The cuckoo (ved.). 3. The ruddy goose, [Gītagovinda. ed. Lassen.] 5, 17.
— Cf. [Latin] cuculus.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKoka (कोक).—[masculine] wolf; cuckoo ([feminine] ī).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus CatalogorumKoka (कोक) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—poet. Śp. p. 98. [Sūktikarṇāmṛta by Śrīdharadāsa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Koka (कोक):—m. (onomatopoetic) a wolf, [Rāmāyaṇa iii, 52, 45; v, 26, 9]
2) ‘a cuckoo’ See -yātu below
3) the ruddy goose, [Mahābhārata xiii, 1816; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā xii, lxxxvi; Gīta-govinda; Sāhitya-darpaṇa]
4) a frog, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) a small house-lizard, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) a kind of noxious parasitical animal, [Atharva-veda v, 23, 4; viii, 6, 2]
7) the wild date tree, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) Name of Viṣṇu, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) of an attendant in Skanda’s retinue, [Mahābhārata ix, 2562 (?) ]
10) of a son of Śoṇa, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa xiii]
11) Kokā (कोका):—[from koka] f. Name of a river ([varia lectio] for kośā), [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
12) [v.s. ...] of a locality (= kokāmukha), [Varāha-purāṇa]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryKoka (कोक):—(kaḥ) 1. n. A wolf; ruddy goose; frog; lizard; date tree.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Koka (कोक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Koka.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryKoka (कोक):—(nm) see [cakavā].
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryKoka (कोक) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Koka.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKōka (ಕೋಕ):—
1) [noun] = ಕೋಕಿಲ [kokila].
2) [noun] the ruddy goose, Anas casarca.
3) [noun] any of various wild canine carnivores (genus Canis); a fox.
4) [noun] any of various families of tailless, leaping anuran amphibians with long, powerful hind legs, short forelegs, a smooth skin, and webbed feet; a frog.
5) [noun] the palm tree Phoenix dactylifera of Arecaceae family.
6) [noun] a harmless, moderate-sized, tropical lizard, Iguana tuberculata of Iguanidae family, having a row of spines from neck to tail, which is known for its grip and used in scaling forts, and which feeds on insects or vegetation; the common iguana.
7) [noun] an excellent person or thing.
8) [noun] Viṣṇu.
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Kōka (ಕೋಕ):—[noun] a kind of inferior areca nut (the outer husk of which cannot be fully removed).
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+79): Koka koi bhenght, Kokaa, Kokab, Kokabaka, Kokabandhu, Kokaburadi, Kokada, Kokadamya, Kokadatta, Kokadeva, Kokadio, Kokadvarna, Kokagra, Kokaha, Kokakattale, Kokakola, Kokaksha, Kokal-ber, Kokala, Kokalanem.
Ends with: Akoka, Ashukoka, Cakoka, Kakoka, Kokkoka, Kukkoka, Likoka, Nakoka, Okoka, Sakoka, Thalakoka, Ukpakoka, Vakkoka, Vakoka, Vikoka.
Full-text (+28): Kokashastra, Kokabandhu, Kokadeva, Kokanada, Kokam, Kokila, Kokayatu, Kokavaca, Kokanakha, Kokaksha, Kokamukha, Vikoka, Kokagra, Kokam khatai, Kokam-katel, Kokam tel, Kokapitri, Kokovaca, Kavrika, Kokanadini.
Relevant text
Search found 20 books and stories containing Koka, Kokā, Kōka; (plurals include: Kokas, Kokās, Kōkas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)
The Brahma Purana (by G. P. Bhatt)
Chapter 110 - On the performance of Śrāddha and the associated legend
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 8.6 < [Chapter 8 - Literary Qualities]
Dhammapada (Illustrated) (by Ven. Weagoda Sarada Maha Thero)
Verse 125 - The Story of Koka the Huntsman < [Chapter 9 - Pāpa Vagga (Evil)]
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
Thirty minor Upanishads (by K. Narayanasvami Aiyar)