Konkana, Koṅkaṇa, Koṅkaṇā, Koṅkāṇa: 29 definitions
Introduction:
Konkana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Shodhganga: A critical appreciation of soddhalas udayasundarikathaKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण).—One of the various countries and cities mentioned by Soḍḍhala.—Koṅkaṇa, the term though used in the Bombay State in a mere restricted sense, denotes properly the whole strip of land lying between the western ghats and the Arabian sea. It is the country known as Paraśurāmakṣetra. Kālidāsa names this country as Aparānta.
Soḍḍhala refers to three Śilāhara kings of Koṅkaṇa, namely
- Cchittarāja,
- Nāgārjuna
- and Mummunirāja.
Sthānaka was the capital city of Koṅkaṇa. The Poet went there and enjoyed the patronage of the above three rulers in the assembly of great poets.
Source: Shodhganga: The Kavyamimamsa of RajasekharaKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) is the name a locality mentioned in Rājaśekhara’s 10th-century Kāvyamīmāṃsā.—This country known as Paraśurāmakṣetra. This is the tract of land lying between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. In the Raghuvaṃśa of Kālidāsa (IV.58) identified this country as Aparānta.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण).—An ancient country of South India. (Mahābhārata, Bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 9, Stanza 60).
Source: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and placesKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. VI.10.58) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Koṅkaṇa) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: eScholarship: Chapters 1-14 of the Hayasirsa PancaratraKoṅkana (कोङ्कन) is the name of an ancient region, being born from there represents an undesirable characteristic of an Ācārya, according to the 9th-century Hayaśīrṣa-pañcarātra Ādikāṇḍa chapter 3.—The Lord said:—“I will tell you about the Sthāpakas endowed with perverse qualities. He should not construct a temple with those who are avoided in this Tantra. [...] Nor should he have leprosy, deformed nails, white leprosy, brown teeth, be a consumptive, one born (samutpanna) in Kacchadeśa, or from Kāverī or Koṅkana. [...] A god enshrined by any of these named above (viz., koṅkana), is in no manner a giver of fruit. If a building for Viṣṇu is made anywhere by these excluded types (viz., koṅkana) then that temple will not give rise to enjoyment and liberation and will yield no reward, of this there is no doubt”.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)
Source: Shodhganga: Dietetics and culinary art in ancient and medieval IndiaKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) is the name of a region mentioned in a list of regions in the 17th century Bhojanakutūhala (dravyaguṇāguṇa-kathana), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—According to the author people living in different regions [viz., Koṅkaṇa] have their own nourishing foodstuffs [viz., kandamūla (tubers and roots)]. Such foodstuffs are more beneficial for them.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) Koṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) is the name of an ancient country.—According to the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā the Siddha who brought the teachings to Koṅkaṇa established there on a hill a Circle of the Mothers, in the middle of which he installed the goddess Koṅkaṇā. Clearly, the intention is to identify Kubjikā as the patron goddess of Koṅkaṇa, the ancient Śrīdeśa, the Land of Śrī now understood not as being of Lakṣmī but of Kubjikā. [...] By the time the Kumārikākhaṇḍa was redacted, the seat Trisrota / Tisra, mount Trikūṭa and the Island of the Moon are all identified externally with the land of Koṅkaṇa and share a common inner identity as the location of the goddess's Triangle in the End of the Twelve.
2) Koṅkaṇā (कोङ्कणा) is the Goddess Arbuda, one of the four sacred mountains mentioned in the Śrīmatottara-tantra, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—The subsidiary seats (upapīṭha) the goddess created by her gaze (avalokana) are four sacred mountains, of which one is Arbuda. A goddess resides on each mountain and exerts her authority there at Kubjikā’s behest, granting success (siddhi) to her devotees. They are: 1) Śrīśaila—Barbarā 2) Māhendra—Mahātārikā 3) Kailāśa—Kamalā 4) Arbuda—Koṅkaṇā.
3) Koṃkaṇā (उच्छुष्म) [=Koṅkaṇā] (or Ucchuṣma) is the name of the ‘secret seat’ associated with Kāmarūpa, one of the sacred seats (pīṭha), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Note: Another unusual feature of this setup is the addition of secret seats [i.e., Koṃkaṇā], but this has not been done very systematically. One ‘secret’ seat is missing and only one ‘secret’ Siddha is mentioned. The purpose of this addition seems to be to integrate Koṅkaṇa into the scheme, not an entire set of alternative seats.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) refers to a country belonging to “Dakṣiṇa or Dakṣiṇadeśa (southern division)” classified under the constellations of Uttaraphālguni, Hasta and Citrā, according to the system of Kūrmavibhāga, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 14), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The countries of the Earth beginning from the centre of Bhāratavarṣa and going round the east, south-east, south, etc., are divided into 9 divisions corresponding to the 27 lunar asterisms at the rate of 3 for each division and beginning from Kṛttikā. The constellations of Uttaraphālguni, Hasta and Citrā represent the southern division consisting of [i.e., Koṅkaṇa] [...]”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: archive.org: Indian Historical Quarterly Vol. 7Koṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) is the name of a country classified as both Hādi and Kādi (two types of Tantrik division), according to the 13th century Sammoha-tantra (fol. 7).—There are ample evidences to prove that the zone of heterodox Tantras went far beyond the natural limits of India. [...] The zones in the Sammoha-tantra [viz., Koṅkaṇa] are here fixed according to two different Tantrik modes, known as Kādi and Hādi.
In Buddhism
Buddhist philosophy
Source: Google Books: The Treasury of Knowledge: Book six, parts one and two (philosophy)Koṅkana (कोङ्कन) is the name of ancient country where once stood the Jñānabimbakāysa-stūpa, according to Sakya Paṇḍita (12th century).—[The Jñānabimbakāya-stūpa] is said to be present in the form of rainbow-colored light, in the sky above the so-called “town stūpa”, in the land of Koṅkana, which hugs the ocean shore in South [West] India. The venerable Sakya Paṇḍita has referred to the whole region that lies beneath this stūpa in the following verse: “This land, known as Cāritra, is located by the ocean shore, in the south”.
With regard to that land known as Cāritra, it is where Vajravārāhī is known to have ritually summoned or brought together all the ale of the three levels of existence. After she had mixed all the yeast and grain liquor that there was, the quantity increased manifoldly, and when the essence of that yeast had been exhausted, she let it set for a while, so that its potency was renewed. After this had happened on seven occasions, subsequently at auspicious times, the whole region of Koṅkana was permeated by the fragrance of the wine.
Furthermore, it is said that in the place where this stūpa is located [i.e., Koṅkana] there is an abundant harvest of grain, and it is endowed with an abundance of food and beverages—fruits, molasses, wine, and so forth.
-
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram (tantric buddhism)Koṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) refers to a sacred sites and corresponds to the “Western Ghats”, according to the Abhyākaragupta’s commentary Āmnāyamañjarī on the Sampuṭatantra.—Abhyākaragupta lived from the 11th to the first quarter of the 12th century. He was probably born in Magadha and received his Tantric training in Bengal (ibid. 136). Chapter seventeen of the Sampuṭatantra refers to six sacred sites, namely, Koṅkaṇa (Western Ghats), Candradvīpa (southeast Bengal?), Aṭṭahāsa (Bengal), Devīkoṭṭa (north Bengal), Haridvāra (modern Hardvar), and Jālandhara (Himachal Pradesh). Apart from Koṅkaṇa, an important place for the Kubjikā tradition also, these places are in the north of India. As Bengal is especially favoured, this Tantra may have been composed there. Abhyākaragupta adds another eighteen places to make twenty-four.
Source: academia.edu: A Critical Study of the Vajraḍākamahātantrarāja (II)Koṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) (Koṅkana?) is the name of a sacred district, mentioned in the Saṃpuṭatantra as being associated with the somavarṇa-tree, although according to the Saṃpuṭatantraṭīkā it is the aśvattha-tree.
Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of HeroesKoṅkana (कोङ्कन) (or Kuṅkara) is the name of a Pīlava (category of holy sites), according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly: “Now, [the Blessed One] has taught [holy sites] such as the pīlava and upapīlava in sequence. [...] The pīlava [sites] are recited to be the border of a village, Kuṅkara (for Koṅkana), Karmārapāṭaka (or a district of [many] artisans), and the village where many Yoginīs reside. [Every site is] powerful. (12) Likewise, in this [system], the upapīlava [sites] are an ancestor forest, a side of a house, a pond, and a lotus pool. Girls who are in these places are of [the nature of] the innate, born in their own birthplaces. [...]”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
India history and geography
Source: Wisdom Library: India HistoryKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) is the name of a country included within Dakṣiṇapatha which was situated ahead of Māhiṣmatī according to Rājaśekhara (fl. 10th century) in his Kāvyamīmāṃsā (chapter 17). Dakṣiṇāpatha is a place-name ending is patha mentioned in the Gupta inscriptions. The Gupta empire (r. 3rd-century CE), founded by Śrī Gupta, covered much of ancient India and embraced the Dharmic religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.
Source: What is India: Inscriptions of the ŚilāhārasKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) is the name of a country mentioned in the Kanherī cave inscription of Pullaśakti. Koṅkaṇa including Purī and other places is North Koṅkaṇ, of which the ancient capital was Purī.
Koṅkaṇa or Koṅkaṇadeśa is also mentioned as an “extensive great country” in the “Miraj plates of Mārasiṃha”.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarykōṅkaṇa (कोंकण) [or कोकण, kōkaṇa].—n (S) The country westward of the Sayhadri-range, north and south of Bombay, the Konkan̤. (tyācē &c.) baila kōṅkaṇānta gēlē (He &c.) is knocked up with age and infirmities; or he is impotent. (mājhē &c.) hāta kāya kōṅkaṇānta gēlē Is no strength left in my hands? am I superannuated?
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishkōṅkaṇa (कोंकण).—n The Konkan, the country westward of the sahyādri. (tyācē &c.) baila kōṅkaṇāta gēlē (He &c.) is knocked up with age and infirmities. (mājhē &c.) hāta kāya kōṅkaṇāta gēlē? Is no strength left in my hands? Am I super- annuated?
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण).—(Pl.) Name of a country, the strip of land between the Sahyādri and the ocean; Mahābhārata (Bombay) 6; आक्रम्य क्रमुकश्यामान्कोङ्कणान्सप्त तापयन् । तुरगानिव तिग्मांशोः प्रताप- स्तस्य पप्रथे (ākramya kramukaśyāmānkoṅkaṇānsapta tāpayan | turagāniva tigmāṃśoḥ pratāpa- stasya paprathe) || Rāj. T.4.159.
-ṇam A kind of weapon.
Derivable forms: koṅkaṇaḥ (कोङ्कणः).
See also (synonyms): koṅka.
--- OR ---
Koṅkaṇā (कोङ्कणा).—Name of Reṇukā, wife of Jamadagni.
--- OR ---
Koṅkāṇa (कोङ्काण).—a. Coming from कोङ्कण (koṅkaṇa); श्यामा कुवलयमाला कोक्काणी कीर्तिवर्मणस्तुरगी (śyāmā kuvalayamālā kokkāṇī kīrtivarmaṇasturagī) Kathāsaritsāgara 121.278.
See also (synonyms): kokkāṇa.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण).—m.
(-ṇaḥ) The name of a country, Konkan in the peninsula. The hilly strip of land between the Sahyadri and the ocean. n.
(-ṇaṃ) A kind of weapon.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण).—m. The name of a people, [Daśakumāracarita] 193, 11.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण).—[masculine] [plural] [Name] of a people.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Koṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण):—m. [plural] Name of a people on the western shore of the Dekhan, [Mahābhārata vi, 9, 60; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā xiv, 12; Daśakumāra-carita; Rājataraṅgiṇī iv, 159]
2) Koṅkaṇā (कोङ्कणा):—[from koṅkaṇa] a f. a Koṅkaṇa woman, [Horace H. Wilson]
3) [v.s. ...] Name of the mother of ParaśuRāma, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) Koṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण):—n. a kind of weapon, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) Koṅkaṇā (कोङ्कणा):—[from koṅkaṇa] b (f. of ṇa q.v.)
6) Koṅkāṇa (कोङ्काण):—[from koṅkaṇa] mf(ī)n. coming from Koṅkaṇa (as a horse; cf. kauṅkaṇodbhūta), [Kathāsaritsāgara cxxi, 278.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryKoṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण):—(ṇaḥ) 1. m. Koṃkān.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Koṅkaṇa (कोङ्कण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Kuṃkaṇa, Koṃkaṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryKoṃkaṇa (कोंकण):—(nm) in the Indian Union, the region lying west of Sahyadri, administratively a part of Maharashtra; ~[ṇī] the language spoken in Konkan; a person belonging to [koṃkaṇa].
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionaryKoṃkaṇa (कोंकण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Koṅkaṇa.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKoṃkaṇa (ಕೊಂಕಣ):—
1) [noun] name of a region in the Western India, that runs from the present Thane in north to Goa in south, and between Sahyādri mountains and Arabian sea.
2) [noun] a man belonging to this region.
3) [noun] ಕೊಂಕಣಸುತ್ತಿ ಮೈಲಾರಕ್ಕೆ ಹೋಗು [komkanasutti mailarakke hogu] koṃkaṇa sutti mailārakke hōgu (prov.) to resort to a circumambulatory path to get a thing lying next to oneself; to go a long about; 2. to adopt a more streneuous manner that is uncalled for; ತೆಂಕಣ ದೇಶಕ್ಕೆ ಹೋಗಿ ಕೊಂಕಣ ಕೆಟ್ಟ [temkana deshakke hogi komkana ketta] teŋkaṇa dēśakke hōgi koŋkaṇa keṭṭa (prov.) a wrong decision of going to an unknown country spoiled his profession.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Komkanaga, Komkanasthe, Konkanadesha, Konkanadhoopam, Konkanadhupa, Konkanaka, Konkanam, Konkanamba, Konkanapatti, Konkanar, Konkanastha, Konkanasthi, Konkanastra, Konkanasuta, Konkanavar, Konkanavati, Konkanavva.
Ends with: Rarakonkana, Saptaguna, Talakonkana, Thanakonkana.
Full-text (+121): Konkanasuta, Kaunkanodbhuta, Konkani, Kaunkana, Konkanaka, Kaunka, Konkanavati, Kaunkina, Konkanam, Kokkana, Konka, Konkanastha, Komkanasthe, Konkanadesha, Komkanike, Mailara, Pancadravida, Kumkana, Kongi, Gaddijamina.
Relevant text
Search found 21 books and stories containing Konkana, Koṅkaṇa, Koṅkaṇā, Koṅkāṇa, Kōṅkaṇa, Koṃkaṇā, Komkana, Koṃkaṇa; (plurals include: Konkanas, Koṅkaṇas, Koṅkaṇās, Koṅkāṇas, Kōṅkaṇas, Koṃkaṇās, Komkanas, Koṃkaṇas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
List of Mahabharata tribes (by Laxman Burdak)
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 6.7.5 < [Chapter 7 - The Marriage of Śrī Rukmiṇī]
The Linga Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 13 - The Eight Bodies of Śiva < [Section 2 - Pūrvabhāga]
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)
The Agni Purana (by N. Gangadharan)