Khandana, Khaṇḍana, Khamdana: 23 definitions
Introduction:
Khandana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन, “grinding”) refers to a specific gesture (āṅgika) made with the chin (cibuka), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 8. These gestures form a part of the histrionic representation (abhinaya).
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन).—A type of gesture (āṅgika) made with the chin (cibuka);—Instructions: when (the two lips) repeatedly come together with each other. Uses: in muttering mantras (japa), studying, speaking and eating.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Shaiva philosophy
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन) refers to “annihilation (of ordinary human practice)”, according to Utpaladeva’s Vivṛti on Īśvarapratyabhijñākārikā 1.5.6.—Accordingly, “[...] [If you reply:] “But this [property of being an object] can only belong to [things] that are distinct from manifestation,” what [of these objects] could there be [if they are distinct from manifestation]? [And] what is this [so-called] annihilation of ordinary human practice (vyavahāra-khaṇḍana) [that must inexorably occur according to you] if [objects] are one with phenomena? This is what [the Vṛtti] says in “let [us admit that] they consist in phenomena. [...]”.
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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन) refers to “ridiculing” (the Vedas), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.3 (“The virtues of the three cities—Tripura).—Accordingly, after Viṣṇu thought of ways to destroy the Asuras in the Three Cities.—“[...] Deciding thus, Viṣṇu started ridiculing (khaṇḍana) the Vedas [śruti khaṇḍanam] for putting up obstacles in the virtuous activities of the Asuras. At the bidding of Śiva, Viṣṇu who was commanded to protect the three worlds, and who renders help to the gods spoke to them”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
khaṇḍana : (nt.) breakage.
khaṇḍana (ခဏ္ဍန) [(na) (န)]—
[khaḍi=khaṇḍa+yu]
[ခဍိ=ခဏ္ဍ+ယု]
[Pali to Burmese]
khaṇḍana—
(Burmese text): ကျိုးပြတ်ခြင်း။ ခဏ္ဍ-(၄)-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): Breakage. See note (4).
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
khaṇḍaṇa (खंडण).—n khaṇḍaṇā f (Corr. from khaṇḍana S) Breaking. 2 fig. Confuting.
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khaṇḍana (खंडन).—n (S) Breaking. 2 Shattering, smashing, destroying, lit. fig. 3 Interrupting. 4 fig. Confuting. Ex. of comp. vādakhaṇḍana, matakhaṇḍana, granthakhaṇḍana, abhimānakhaṇḍana, mānakhaṇḍana.
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khāndāna (खांदान).—m f ( P) Family, parentage, stock, race. khāndānīcā Of a good family, noble, genteel. Also written khānadāna. 2 fig. Clever, sharp, smart--a kārakūna, śipāī &c.
khaṇḍana (खंडन).—n Breaking; interrupting. Fig. Confuting.
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khāndāna (खांदान).—m f Family, parentage.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन).—a. [khaṇḍ-lyuṭ]
1) Breaking, cutting, dividing.
2) Destroying, annihilating; स्मरगरलखण्डनं मम शिरसि मण्डनम् (smaragaralakhaṇḍanaṃ mama śirasi maṇḍanam) Gītagovinda 1; भवज्वरखण्डन (bhavajvarakhaṇḍana) 12.
-nam 1 Breaking or cutting.
2) Biting; injuring, hurting; अधरोष्ठखण्डनम् (adharoṣṭhakhaṇḍanam) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1; घटय भुजबन्धनं जनय रदखण्डनम् (ghaṭaya bhujabandhanaṃ janaya radakhaṇḍanam) Gītagovinda 1; Ch. P.12; दर्शनेन कृतखण्डनव्यथाः (darśanena kṛtakhaṇḍanavyathāḥ) R.19.21.
3) Disappointing, frustrating (as in love).
4) Interrupting; रसखण्डनवर्जितम् (rasakhaṇḍanavarjitam) R.9.36.
5) Cheating, deceiving.
6) Refuting (in argument); N.6.113.
7) Rebellion, opposition.
8) Dismissal.
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन).—n.
(-naṃ) 1. Breaking, dividing, cutting, reducing to pieces. 2. Destroying, annihilating. 3. Refuting, (in argument.) 4. Rebellion, opposition. E. khaṇḍ to break, lyuṭ aff.
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन).—[khaṇḍ + ana], I. adj., Destroying, [Gītagovinda. ed. Lassen.] 10, 8. Ii. n. 1. Hurting, [Pañcatantra] 45, 11. 2. Violation, [Pañcatantra] 46, 3. 3. Deceiving, baffling, [Hitopadeśa] ii. [distich] 58.
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन).—[adjective] breaking to pieces, destroying, removing, [neuter] the act of breaking etc., also wounding, injuring, interrupting, frustrating, refusing, cheating, deceiving.
1) Khaṇḍana (खण्डन) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—vedānta. Oppert. Ii, 3913. 4545.
—by Bhīṣmamiśra. Kh. 88.
2) Khaṇḍana (खण्डन):—vedānta. Inaccurate title. Hz. 1265.
1) Khaṇḍana (खण्डन):—[from khaṇḍ] mfn. ifc. breaking, dividing, reducing to pieces, destroying, annihilating, removing, [Gīta-govinda]
2) [v.s. ...] n. the act of breaking or cutting or dividing or grinding, [Hitopadeśa]
3) [v.s. ...] hurting, injuring ([especially] with the teeth), [Pañcatantra; Kathāsaritsāgara ciii; Gīta-govinda; Caurapañcāśikā]
4) [v.s. ...] interrupting, disappointing, frustrating, [Mālavikāgnimitra; Raghuvaṃśa; Pañcatantra] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] refuting (in argument), [Horace H. Wilson]
6) [v.s. ...] cheating, deceiving, [Raghuvaṃśa xix, 21; Hitopadeśa]
7) [v.s. ...] rebellion, opposition, [Horace H. Wilson]
8) [v.s. ...] = khaṇḍana-khaṇḍa-khādya, [Naiṣadha-carita vi, 113]
9) Khaṇḍanā (खण्डना):—[from khaṇḍana > khaṇḍ] f. discarding, dismissal, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa]
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन):—(naṃ) 1. n. Breaking; opposition; refutation.
[Sanskrit to German]
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Khaṃḍaṇa, Khaṃḍaṇā.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Khaṃḍana (खंडन) [Also spelled khandan]:—(nm) refutation, rebuttal, repudiation; denial, —[maṃḍana] repudiation and vindication; discussion for and against; [khaṃḍanātmaka] repudiative, causing or embodying refutation/rebuttal/denial.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Khaṃḍaṇa (खंडण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Khaṇḍana.
2) Khaṃḍaṇā (खंडणा) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Khaṇḍanā.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Khaṃḍana (ಖಂಡನ):—
1) [noun] the act or an instance of breaking (into fragments).
2) [noun] the act of barring, hindering the progress of; obstruction; impedement.
3) [noun] the act of refuting or proving false or wrong; disproof; refutation.
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Khaṃḍāna (ಖಂಡಾನ):—[noun] a man who proves the falsity or error of another’s argument, statement, theory, view, policy, etc.; a refuter.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Khaṇḍana (खण्डन):—n. 1. refuting; contradicting; criticizing; 2. breaking; cutting; dividing;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Khandana-khanda-khadya, Khandanabhaya, Khandanabhushamani, Khandanakara, Khandanakhadya, Khandanakhandakhadyoddhara, Khandanakhandana, Khandanakrit, Khandanakshetramahatmya, Khandanakuthara, Khandanamahatarka, Khandanamandana, Khandanarata, Khandanavala.
Full-text (+159): Akhandana, Khandana-khanda-khadya, Vakyakhandana, Avakhandana, Pashandakhandana, Phalakhandana, Khandanarata, Shilakhandana, Mahakhandana, Parikhandana, Prabhakarakhandana, Khandanakara, Mithyajnanakhandana, Rapratyaharakhandana, Upadhikhandana, Brahmashirahkhandana, Praudhamanoramakhandana, Padarthakhandana, Shatadushanikhandana, Vaishvadevakhandana.
Relevant text
Search found 44 books and stories containing Khandana, Khaṃḍāna, Khaṃḍana, Khaṃḍaṇā, Khaṃḍaṇa, Khamdana, Khaṇḍana, Khaṇḍaṇā, Khaṇḍanā, Khāndāna, Khaṇḍaṇa, Khaṇḍāna; (plurals include: Khandanas, Khaṃḍānas, Khaṃḍanas, Khaṃḍaṇās, Khaṃḍaṇas, Khamdanas, Khaṇḍanas, Khaṇḍaṇās, Khaṇḍanās, Khāndānas, Khaṇḍaṇas, Khaṇḍānas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 453 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Page 12 < [English-Gujarati-Hindi (1 volume)]
Page 488 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 4.1.20 < [Sukta 1]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.215 [Ekāvalī] < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 2 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 16 - Vedānta Dialectic of Śrīharṣa (a.d. 1150) < [Chapter XI - The Śaṅkara School of Vedānta (continued)]
Part 27 - Appaya Dīkṣita (a.d. 1550) < [Chapter XI - The Śaṅkara School of Vedānta (continued)]
Part 17 - Application of the Dialectic to the Different Categories and Concepts < [Chapter XI - The Śaṅkara School of Vedānta (continued)]
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