Kendra, Keṃdra, Kemdra, Kēndra: 17 definitions
Introduction:
Kendra means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Kendra (केन्द्र).—1. Anomaly. The kendra is of two kinds, mandakendra and śīghrakendra. The mandakendra of a planet is equal to the 'longitude of the planet minus the longitude of the planet's mandocca i.e., the planet's apogee', where as the śīghrakendra of a planet is equal to the longitude of the planet's śīghrocca i.e., the apex of fastest motion, minus the longitude of the planet. 2. Centre. Note: Kendra is a Sanskrit technical term used in ancient Indian sciences such as Astronomy, Mathematics and Geometry.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
Kendra (केन्द्र) represents the number 4 (four) in the “word-numeral system” (bhūtasaṃkhyā), which was used in Sanskrit texts dealing with astronomy, mathematics, metrics, as well as in the dates of inscriptions and manuscripts in ancient Indian literature.—A system of expressing numbers by means of words arranged as in the place-value notation was developed and perfected in India in the early centuries of the Christian era. In this system the numerals [e.g., 4—kendra] are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, which, naturally or in accordance with the teaching of the Śāstras, connote numbers.
Ganita (गणित) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
India history and geography
Kendra.—(IE 7-1-2), ‘four’. (CII 3), anomaly of the moon, taken to be her distance from apogee, from which point it is always reckoned by Hindu astronomers; the annual variation in the moon's kendra is 3 signs 2 degrees and 6.2 minutes, or 7 tithis 9 ghaṭīs and 42 palas. See also nīcocca-māsa, tithi-kendra, tithi-madhyama-kendra and tithi-spaṣṭa-kendra. Note: kendra is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
kēndra (केंद्र).—n (S) The centre of a circle, focus. 2 The argument of an equation. 3 The distance of a planet from the first point of its orbit in the fourth, seventh, or tenth degree. See patanakēndra, dvitīyakēndra, śīghrakēndra, mandakēndra.
kēndra (केंद्र).—n Focus, the centre.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kendra (केन्द्र).—
1) The centre of a circle.
2) The argument of a circle.
3) The argument of an equation.
4) Distance of a planet from the first point of its orbit in the 4th, 7th or 1th degree.
5) The first, fourth, seventh and tenth lunar mansion.
Derivable forms: kendram (केन्द्रम्).
Kendra (केन्द्र).—n.
(-ndraṃ) 1. The centre of a circle. 2. The argument of an equation. 3. The distance of a planet from the first point of its orbit in the fourth, seventh, or tenth degree. (In astronomy.) It is variously applied in combination, as patanakendraṃ argument of the latitude; dvitīyakendraṃ the distance of the higher apsis from a planet in any point of its orbit; śīghrakendraṃ commutation, the distance of the sun from a superior planet or of an inferior planet from the sun; mandakendraṃ argument of anomaly.
Kendra (केन्द्र).—[neuter] the centre of a circle.
1) Kendra (केन्द्र):—n. (borrowed [from] [Greek] κέντρον), the centre of a circle
2) the equation of the centre
3) the argument of a circle
4) the argument of an equation, [Horace H. Wilson]
5) the distance of a planet from the first point of its orbit in the fourth, seventh, or tenth degree, [Sūryasiddhānta] etc.
6) the first, fourth, seventh, and tenth lunar mansion, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhajjātaka] (cf. dvitīya-k, patana-k, manda-k, śīghra-k.)
Kendra (केन्द्र):—(ndraṃ) 1. m. Centre of a circle; the argument of an equation; the distance of a planet from the first point of its orbit.
Kendra (केन्द्र):—(aus dem griech. κέντρον) n. Centrum eines Kreises; the equation of the centre [Colebrooke II, 528.] the argument of a circle [Kālasaṃkalita 367] bei [Haughton]; the argument of an equation [Wilson’s Wörterbuch] [Śabdakalpadruma] hat über kendra Folgendes: lagnam .. lagnāccaturthasaptamadaśamasthānāni . tatparyāyaḥ . kaṇṭakam .. yathā . lagnāmbudvyūnakarmāṇi kendramuktaṃ ca kaṇṭakam . catuṣṭayaṃ cātra kheṭo valī lagne viśeṣataḥ .. iti nīlakaṇṭhakṛtavarpatantrākhyatājakam .. spaṣṭagrahānayanārthaṃ śīghramandasaṃjñakāṅkadvayam . yathā . mṛdūccena (sic) hīno graho mandakendraṃ caloccaṃ grahāṇāṃ bhevacchīghrakendram .. iti bhāskarīyasiddhāntaśiromaṇau spaṣṭādhikāraḥ .. grahaṃ saṃśodhya mandoccāttathā śīghrādviśodhya ca śiṣṭaṃ kendram . iti sūryasiddhāntaḥ .. golasya madhyasthānam . yathā . vṛttasya madhyaṃ kila kendramuktaṃ kendraṃ grahoccāntaramucyate taḥ . yato ntare tāvati tuṅgadeśānnīcoccavṛttasya sadaiva kendram .. iti siddhāntaśiromaṇau golādhyāyaḥ .. Vgl. [Akademische Vorlesungen 227.] [Weber’s Verzeichniss No. 836. 865.] [Weber’s Indische Studien 2, 254. 259. 260. 265. 267. 281.]
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Kendra (केन्द्र):—astron. das Centrum, insbes. der Stand des Centrums des Epicykels in Bezug zur Apsis, die Entfernung zwischen den Planeten und der oberen Apsis: vṛttasya madhyaṃ kila kendramuktaṃ kendraṃ grahoccāntaramucyate taḥ . yato ntare tāvati tuṅgadeśānnīcoccavṛttasya sadaiva kendram .. [GOLĀDHY. 5, 41. 14. fg. 26. fgg.] [Sūryasiddhānta 2, 40. 45. 29.] astrol. das 1te, 4te, 7te und 10te Haus [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 28, 1. 40, 2. 10.] [BṚH. 1, 17. fgg. 5, 18.]
Kendra (केन्द्र):—n. —
1) Centrum eines Kreises. —
2) der Stand des Centrums des Epicykels im Bezug zur Apsis , die Entfernung zwischen den Planeten und der oberen Apsis. —
3) in der Astrol. das 1te , 4te , 7te und 10en Haus.
Kendra (केन्द्र) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kiṃdiya.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Keṃdra (केंद्र) [Also spelled kendra]:—(nm) (the) centre; ~[gāmī] centripetal, directed towards the centre; ~[stha] centrally located, central; [keṃdrāpasārī] centrifugal; [keṃdrābhimukha/keṃdrābhisārī] centripetal.
Kendra in Hindi refers in English to:—(nm) (the) centre; ~[gami] centripetal, directed towards the centre; ~[stha] centrally located, central; [kemdrapasari] centrifugal; [kemdrabhimukha/kemdrabhisari] centripetal..—kendra (केंद्र) is alternatively transliterated as Keṃdra.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Kēṃdra (ಕೇಂದ್ರ):—
1) [noun] a point equally distant from all points on the circumference of a circle or surface of a sphere; the centre of a circle.
2) [noun] the point around which anything revolves; pivot.
3) [noun] a) a place at or building in which an activity or complex of activities is carried on or forming a central point in a district, city, etc. or a main area for an activity; b) a place from which ideas, influences, etc. emanate; c) a place to which many people are attracted.
4) [noun] the approximate middle point, place or part of anything.
5) [noun] a main store or warehouse.
6) [noun] in a federal system of government or union of states, the government having common authority or administration power over all the states; the central government.
7) [noun] (astrol.) in the astrological diagram, the first or any of the fourth, seventh or tenth houses.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Kendra (केन्द्र):—n. 1. center; core; nucleus; hub; 2. headquarter; 3. the central office; 4. Astrol. the first; fourth; seventh/tenth lunar mansion;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Kemdrabhigami, Kemdrabimdu, Kemdrapasarana, Kemdrasarakara, Kemdrastha, Kemdratiga, Kemdravanata, Kemdravyakti, Kendrabhimukh, Kendrabhimukha, Kendracyuti, Kendrak, Kendraka, Kendramandal, Kendramandala, Kendranilanarayana, Kendrapagami, Kendraparamna Mukha, Kendraparanmukha, Kendravritta.
Full-text (+54): Shighrakendra, Shikshanakemdra, Kemdrabimdu, Gurutvakemdra, Udyogavinimayakemdra, Drakkendra, Lokendra, Panaphara, Parikshakemdra, Amdolanakemdra, Banulikemdra, Pravasikemdra, Kemdravyakti, Vyaparakemdra, Bilikemdrakanigale, Kemdrasarakara, Upakemdra, Matadana-kendra, Prashikshana-kendra, Shravanika-kendra.
Relevant text
Search found 69 books and stories containing Kendra, Keṃdra, Kemdra, Kēṃdra, Kēndra, Kendras; (plurals include: Kendras, Keṃdras, Kemdras, Kēṃdras, Kēndras, Kendrases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 48 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 2]
Page 422 < [Hindi-Assamese-English Volume 1]
Page 448 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 1]
Phaladeepika by Mantreswara (text and translation) (by Panditabhushana V. Subrahmanya Sastri)
Brihat Jataka by Varahamihira [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 1.17 < [Chapter 1 - Zodiac Signs]
Verse 1.19 < [Chapter 1 - Zodiac Signs]
Verse 9.2 < [Chapter 9 - Ashtakavarga]
Yavanajataka by Sphujidhvaja [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 1.53 < [Chapter 1 - The Innate Nature of the Zodiac Signs and Planets]
Verse 8.24 < [Chapter 8 - The Birth of Sovereigns]
Verse 5.29 < [Chapter 5 - Rules of Impregnation]
Indian Astronomy (a source book) (by B. V. Subbarayappa)
Narada Purana (English translation) (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 55 - Delineation of Horoscopy (jātaka-nirūpaṇa) < [Part 2 - Pūrva-bhāga: Dvitīya-pāda]
Chapter 56.37 - Description of Travel (Yātrā) < [Part 2 - Pūrva-bhāga: Dvitīya-pāda]
Chapter 54 - Mathematics and Astronomy (Gaṇita / Jyotiṣa) < [Part 2 - Pūrva-bhāga: Dvitīya-pāda]
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