Kayika, Kāyika, Kāyikā: 26 definitions
Introduction:
Kayika means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Kayik.
In Hinduism
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-śāstraKāyikā (कायिका) is a Sanskrit technical term, used in fincance, referring to “to be paid by bodily labour”. The word is used throughout Dharmaśāstra literature such as the Manusmṛti. (See the Manubhāṣya, verse 8.153)
Source: Google Books: Manusmṛti with the Manubhāṣya1) Kāyikā (कायिका).—One of the six kinds of interest, according to Bṛhaspati;—Kāyikā interest is in the form of bodily labour. Kāyikā interest shall be realised by the creditor so long as the principal remains unpaid.
2) Interest at the rate of one Paṇa and a quarter, paid regularly without diminishing the principal, is denoted Kāyikā interest. (See the Manubhāṣya verse 8.153)
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: ŚaivismKāyika (कायिक) refers to a classification of sins, according to the Śivadharmottarapurāṇa
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama TextsKāyika (कायिक) or Kāyikaśuddhi refers to “(good) deeds” and represents one of the three “expiatory rites” (prāyaścitta), according to the thirtieth chapter of the Aniruddhasaṃhitā, an ancient Pāñcarātra Āgama text dealing with the annual festivals of temples and regular temple worship routines.—Description of the chapter [prāyaścitta-vidhi]: Expiatory ceremonies may be classified into three groups: those which gain their efficacy through pure and truthful confession of words [vākśuddhi], those in which there is inner repentance [mānasaśuddhi], and those in which good deeds are undertaken [kāyika-śuddhi] (1-3). In all cases, the performer must be ritually pure (3-7), as well as devoted and enthusiastic (9). The remainder of the chapter deals with the kinds of expiation that require overt ritual, i.e., the kāyika-type. [...]
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita SastraKāyika (कायिक) refers to “bodily”, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 3.—Accordingly, “The four immeasurable feelings (apramāṇa-citta) are loving-kindness (maitrī), compassion (karuṇā), joy (muditā) and equanimity (upekṣā). [...] Karuṇā is to think with compassion of beings who are suffering in the five destinies (gati) all sorts of bodily suffering (kāyika-duḥkha) and mental suffering (caitasika-duḥkha). [...]”.
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the GaganagañjaparipṛcchāKāyika (कायिक) or Mārakāyika refers to the “followers (of Māra)”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “Then, immediately after these words of knowledge-mantras were pronounced by the Bodhisattva Gaganagañja, the world system of three thousandfold worlds was shaken in six ways. The five hundred evil ones, who were without faith and clinging to the non-dharma, heard this sound from open space: ‘The Māra, his sons, or his followers (māra-kāyika), who do not produce the thought of awakening and do not give up the works of the Māra after having heard these words of the knowledge-mantras, the crowns of their heads will be destroyed by the lighting and blazing thunderbolt of the Yakṣa Vajrapāṇi’. Then, having looked up at the sky, the sons of the Māra saw five hundred Vajrapāṇis holding blazing thunderbolt, and produced the thought of awakening from the fear and terror”.
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgricultureKāyika (कायिक) refers to the “retinue (of Māra)”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [after the Bhagavān reached the lotus-lake near Aḍakavatī], “Then Vairambhaka, a Yakṣa leader belonging to the retinue of Māra (māra-kāyika), uttered a voice and sounded a cry in the Triple Thousand Great Thousand Universe, ‘Great dangers have arisen in the world, there is the conflagration of the aeon in seven days. There is nothing here that will not burn completely from the highest point of the universe to Avīci’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of HeroesKāyika (कायिक) refers to “body (Herukas)”, according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly, [while describing the Heart Circle (hṛdayacakra)]: “[...] Then, he should discern Leader [Herukas on the first circle]. Light Herukas are proclaimed [on the second circle]. Lotus Herukas are on the third. Space [Herukas] are taught on the fourth. Wind Herukas are on the fifth. Earth Herukas are taught on the sixth. Fire Herukas are on the seventh. Water Herukas are on the eighth. Knowledge Herukas are on the ninth. Mind Herukas are on the tenth. Speech Herukas are on the eleventh. Body [Herukas] (kāyika) are taught on the twelfth [dvādaśe kāyikam matam]. [...]”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarykāyika : (adj.) relating to the resulting from the body.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryKayika, (fr. krī, cp. BSk. krayika Divy 505) a buyer, trader, dealer Miln. 334. (Page 195)
— or —
Kāyika, (adj.) (fr. kāya) 1. belonging to the body, i.e. felt by the body (experienced by the senses), or resulting from the body, i.e. done by the body (=acted as opposed to spoken or thought). sukhaṃ physical happiness (opp. cetasika°) S. V, 209; A. I, 81; dukkhaṃ D. II, 306; M. I, 302 (opp. cetasikaṃ); kāyikaṃ (sc. dhammaṃ) sikkhati to teach the conduct of body (opp. vācasikaṃ) Vin. II, 248. In comb. with vācasika also at S. I, 190; Pug. 21; Vism. 18 (of anācara); PvA. 119 (of saṃyama, control) Shhp 55; Bdhd 26, 134; referring to diff. kinds of amusements Nd2 219=SnA 86. 2.—° (of devas) belonging to the company of-: ° D. I, 220; gandhabba° PvA. 119. (Page 209)
Source: Sutta: Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionary1) kayika (ကယိက) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[kaya+ṇika．kayena jīvatīti kayiko．kī+ṇvu．kinātīti,ṇvu．,ṭī．47va．(kriyika-saṃ)]
[ကယ+ဏိက။ ကယေန ဇီဝတီတိ ကယိကော။ ကီ+ဏွု။ ကိနာတီတိ၊ ဏွု။ ဓာန်၊ ဋီ။ ၄၇ဝ။ (ကြိယိက-သံ)]
2) kāyika (ကာယိက) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[kāya+ṇika]
[ကာယ+ဏိက]
3) kāyika (ကာယိက) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[kaya+ṇika．kayena jīvatī kāyiko．ṇiko．sūci．]
[ကယ+ဏိက။ ကယေန ဇီဝတီ ကာယိကော။ ဏိကော။ သူစိ။]
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarykāyika (कायिक).—a S Relating to the body, corporeal.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishkāyika (कायिक).—a Belonging to the body, corporal.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKāyikā (कायिका) or Kāyika (कायिक).—a. [kāya-ṭhak] Relating to the body, bodily, corporeal; कायिकतपः (kāyikatapaḥ) Manusmṛti 12.8.
-kā Interest (whatever is given for the use of money); Manusmṛti 8.153.
See also (synonyms): kāyaka, kāyikī.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryKāyika (कायिक).—(-kāyika), ifc. adj. (from kāya 2 plus -ika), belonging to the company of…; noted only modifying (as separate word or in composition) the words deva and devaputra, of various classes of ‘gods’: tuṣitakāyika Lalitavistara 183.17; 363.21; Gaṇḍavyūha 527. 15; tuṣitabhavanakāyiko devaputro Mahāvastu i.174.1; trāya- triṃśakāyikair devair Lalitavistara 365.8; gandharvakāyikeṣu deveṣu Mahāvastu ii.49.2; mārakāyikā devaputrās Lalitavistara 300.4; svaviṣaya- kāyika-devaputrā(s) Mahāvastu ii.278.16 (Māra speaking); °yikā dev° 287.11.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryKāyika (कायिक).—mfn.
(-kaḥ-kā-kī-kaṃ) Corporeal, relating to the body. E. kāya the body, and kan or ṭhak aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKāyika (कायिक).—i. e. kāya + ika, adj., f. kā ([Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 153) and kī. 1. Corporeal, bodily [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 12, 8; [Suśruta] 1, 12, 2. 2. (viz. vṛddhi, Immoderate profits) from a pledge to be used by way of interest, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 153.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKāyika (कायिक).—[feminine] ī bodily, corporeal.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Kāyikā (कायिका):—[from kāyaka > kāya] f. (with or without vṛddhi), interest obtained from capital, etc., [Manu-smṛti viii, 153; Gautama-dharma-śāstra xii, 35.] [kāyikā vṛddhi f. interest consisting in the use of an animal or any capital stock pawned or pledged; service rendered by the body of an animal (as a cow, etc.) pledged and used by the person to whom it is pledged; or (according to some) interest of which the payment does not affect the principal.]
2) Kāyika (कायिक):—[from kāya] mf(ī)n. performed with the body, [Manu-smṛti xii, 8; Mahābhārata xviii, 303]
3) [v.s. ...] corporeal, [Suśruta] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] (ifc.) belonging to an assemblage or multitude, [Buddhist literature]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryKāyika (कायिक):—[(kaḥ-kā-kaṃ) a.] Corporeal.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Kāyika (कायिक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kāia.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryKāyika (कायिक) [Also spelled kayik]:—(a) somatic, physical, bodily, —[vyāpāra] physical action.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKāyika (ಕಾಯಿಕ):—[adjective] of, relating to or performed with the body; performed with the body.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+21): Kayika Vacika Manasika, Kayika-dukkha, Kayika-sukha, Kayikaasata, Kayikaassadapaccupatthana, Kayikabadha, Kayikabadhapaccupatthana, Kayikacetasika, Kayikacetasikaannathabhava, Kayikacetasikaavitikkama, Kayikacetasikabadha, Kayikacetasikadaratha, Kayikacetasikassada, Kayikadubu, Kayikaduhkha, Kayikadukkha, Kayikaheruka, Kayikakarana, Kayikakasava, Kayikakhidda.
Full-text (+74): Brahmakayika, Kayikavriddhi, Marakayika, Gandhabbakayika, Nilakayika, Tushitakayika, Akayika, Caturmaharajakayika, Shuddhavasakayika, Kayikapayoga, Mahakayika, Kayika-sukha, Sakayika, Arupakayika, Kayikam, Kayaka, Kayikaparilaha, Kayikasamvara, Kayikasata, Somakayika.
Relevant text
Search found 47 books and stories containing Kayika, Kaya-nika, Kaya-ṇika, Kaya-nika, Kāya-ṇika, Kaya-nika, Kaya-ṇika, Kāyika, Kāyikā; (plurals include: Kayikas, nikas, ṇikas, Kāyikas, Kāyikās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Yogadrstisamuccaya of Haribhadra Suri (Study) (by Riddhi J. Shah)
Chapter 1.2 - Yoga in Jain Canon and Commentarial Literature < [Chapter 1 - The Jain Yoga Tradition—A Historical Review]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 8.153 < [Section XXVII - Limitation of Interest (kusīdavṛddhi)]
Verse 12.8 < [Section III - Fruits of Action]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 2.1.304 < [Part 1 - Ecstatic Excitants (vibhāva)]
The Buddhist Path to Enlightenment (study) (by Dr Kala Acharya)
1.3. Enlightenment Factor of Effort < [Chapter 3 - Seven Factors of Enlightenment and Noble Eightfold Path]
4.2.2. Faculty of Effort (Vīriyindriya or Vīrya) < [Chapter 2 - Five Groups of Factor]
1.7. Enlightenment Factor of Equanimity < [Chapter 3 - Seven Factors of Enlightenment and Noble Eightfold Path]
Bhagavati-sutra (Viyaha-pannatti) (by K. C. Lalwani)
Chapter 7: Lokapāla Somadeva < [Book 3]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)