Katyayana, Kātyāyana: 25 definitions

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In Hinduism
In Buddhism
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1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
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Introduction:

Katyayana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

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In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—A grammarian who wrote a commentary on Pāṇini’s grammatical work entitled Aṣṭādhyāyī. He has also written Śrauta Sūtras and a book on "Dharma Śāstra".

2) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—Kathāsaritsāgara says that "Kātyāyana" was another name of Vararuci.

3) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—A great sage who flourished in Indra’s assembly. We see a reference to him in Mahā. bhārata, Sabhā Parva, Chapter 7, Verse 19).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—A ṛtvik at Brahmā's yajña.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 106. 37.

1b) A Pravara.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 192. 10; 196. 33.

1c) Kaśyapa gotrakaras.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 199. 4.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Kavya (poetry)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kathāsaritsāgara

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) is another name of Vararuci, an incarnation of Puṣpadanta who is a subordinate of Śiva. Puṣpadanta was cursed by Pārvatī after overhearing Śiva narrating the adventures of the seven Vidyādharas, according to the Kathāsaritsāgara. Pārvatī cursed Puṣpadanta together with Mālyavān (a gaṇa, who intervened and recommended for mercy) to become mortals.

When asked by Pārvatī what happened to these cursed gaṇas (servants), Śiva answered: “My beloved, Puṣpadanta has been born under the name of Vararuci in that great city which is called Kauśāmbī. Moreover Mālyavān also has been born in the splendid city called Supratiṣṭhita under the name of Guṇāḍhya. This, O goddess, is what has befallen them.”

The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Kātyāyana, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.

context information

Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—The well-known author of the Vārttikas on the sūtras of Pāṇini. He is also believed to be the author of the Vājasaneyi Prātiśākhya and many sūtra works named after him. He is believed to be a resident of South India on the strength of the remark प्रियतद्धिता दाक्षिणात्याः (priyataddhitā dākṣiṇātyāḥ) made by Patañjali in connection with the statement 'यथा लौकिकवैदिकेषु (yathā laukikavaidikeṣu)' which is looked upon as Kātyāyana's Vārttika. Some scholars say that Vararuci was also another name given to him, in which case the Vārttikakāra Vararuci Kātyāyana has to be looked upon as different from the subsequent writer named Vararuci to whom some works on Prakrit and Kātantra grammar are ascribed. For details see Mahābhāṣya Vol. VII. pages I93-223 published by the D. E.Society, Poona.See also वार्तिकपाठ (vārtikapāṭha) below.

Source: Knowledge Traditions & Practices of India: Language and Grammar (vyakarana)

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) (4th century BCE) is the name of an author of grammatical works, following in succession of Pāṇini (7th century BCE): author of the Aṣṭādhyāyī dealing with vyākaraṇa (grammar): the science of analysis of sentences and words. After Pāini, there was a succession of thinkers of language, grammar and philosophy of language, viz., Kātyāyana, who commented on Pāṇini’s rules.

context information

Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Source: Wisdom Library: Pancaratra (Samhita list)

1) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) or Kātyāyanasaṃhitā is the name of an ancient Pāñcarātra Saṃhitā mentioned in the Puruṣottamasaṃhitā: a Pāñcarātra text consisting of more than 1800 verses devoted to temple-building and the practical concerns of the Pāñcarātra priestly community.—The Puruṣottama Saṃhitā presents a clear and concise treatment of its subjects, comparing favorably to such works as Aniruddhasaṃhitā (q.v.) and Kapiñjalasaṃhitā (q.v.). Like the latter of these two just-mentioned texts, the work at hand also contains a list of canonical titles in its opening chapter.

2) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) or Kātyāyanasaṃhitā is also mentioned in the Viśvāmitrasaṃhitā: a Pāñcarātra text comprising some 2600 Sanskrit verses covering topics such as initiation (dīkṣā) and the construction, decoration and consecration of temples and icons, as well as routines of regular and special worship cycles.—

Source: Shodhganga: Iconographical representations of Śiva (pancaratra)

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) or Kātyāyanasaṃhitā is the name of a Vaiṣṇava Āgama scripture, classified as a rājasa type of the Muniprokta group of Pāñcarātra Āgamas. The vaiṣṇavāgamas represent one of the three classes of āgamas (traditionally communicated wisdom).—Texts of the Pāñcara Āgamas are divided in to two sects. It is believed that Lord Vāsudeva revealed the first group of texts which are called Divya and the next group is called Muniprokta which are further divided in to three viz. a. Sāttvika. b. Rājasa (e.g., Kātyāyana-saṃhitā). c. Tāmasa.

Kātyāyana is also the name of a Vaiṣṇava Āgama scripture, classified as a tāmasa type of the Muniprokta group of Pāñcarātra Āgamas.

context information

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: WikiPedia: Hinduism

Kātyāyana (c. 3rd century BC) was a Sanskrit grammarian, mathematician and Vedic priest who lived in ancient India.

He is known for two works:

The Varttika, an elaboration on Pāṇini grammar. Along with the Mahābhāsya of Patañjali, this text became a core part of the Vyākarana (grammar) canon.
He also composed one of the later Sulba Sutras, a series of nine texts on the geometry of altar constructions, dealing with rectangles, right-sided triangles, rhombuses, etc.

Kātyāyana's views on the word-meaning connection tended towards naturalism. Kātyāyana believed, like Plato, that the word-meaning relationship was not a result of human convention. For Kātyāyana, word-meaning relations were siddha, given to us, eternal. Though the object a word is referring to is non-eternal, the substance of its meaning, like a lump of gold used to make different ornaments, remains undistorted, and is therefore permanent.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

1) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) or Mahākātyāyana was one of the great disciples of the Buddha, the foremost of those who explain at length the brief aphorisms of the Buddha. He was originally from Ujjayinī and was the disciple of Avanti. According to concordant information, he may have been the author of the Peṭakopadesa: the Gandhavaṃsa, p. 59, attributes this work to him.

The Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra says: “Mahākātyāyana, during the lifetime of the Buddha, explained the words of the Buddha and made a Pi le (Peṭaka), ‘box-collection’ in the Ts’in language (Chinee), which, until today, is used in southern India.” Paramārtha says: “In the time when the Buddha was in the world, Mahākātyāyana expounded a śāstra to explain the Āgama sūtras of the Buddha.” (This again concerns the Peṭakopadesa and the Abhidharmajñānaprasthāna).

2) Kātyāyāyana (कात्यायायन), author of the Jñānaprasthāna.—The Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra tells us that after the Council of Aśoka (therefore, according to its accounting, in the 200th year after the nirvāṇa. Kātyāyana composed the Jñānaprasthāna. This date was confirmed by Paramārtha who informs us “that in the 200 years, Katyāyāna left Lake Anavatapta, came to the country of Magadha into the Mahāsāṃghika school, where he established distinctions related to the holy teaching of the Tripiṭaka…; those who accepted his teachings formed a separate school called ‘the school that enunciates distinctions’; these were the disciples of Mahākātyana.” Actually, Kātyāyana was not a Mahāsāṃghika, but a pure Sarvāstivādin. Paramārtha later corrects himself in associating Kātyāyana with the beginnings of the Sarvāstivādin school which was formed at the beginning of the 3rd century after the nirvāṇa.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Tibetan Buddhism

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) is the name of a Śrāvaka mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Kātyāyana).

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: WikiPedia: Buddhism

Kātyāyana was a disciple of Gautama Buddha. He was born in a Brahmin family at Ujjayini (Ujjain) and received a classical Brahminical education studying the Vedas. Tradition attributes to Katyāyana the authorship of two late Pāli canonical texts Nettipakarana, a commentary on Buddhist doctrine; and peṭakopadesa, a treatise on exegetical methodology.

In Sanskrit his name is Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) or Mahākātyāyana (महाकात्यायन); in Pāli Kaccāna (or Kaccāyana), or Mahākaccāna; and in Japanese 迦旃延 Kasennen.

Source: academia.edu: The Chronological History of Buddhism

Katyayana or Vararuchi I (1690-1600 BCE).—Vararuchi or Katyayana was the minister of Mahapadma Nanda. Katyayana wrote vartikas on Panini sutras. He also wrote “Prakrita - Prakasha”, the first grammar book of Prakrit language. Katyayana probably knew the Paishachi language and salvaged “Brihatkatha” the lost work of Gunadhya I. He rewrote Brihatkatha of Gunadhya I in Prakrit language. It appears that Katyayana became Buddhist and founded the school of Mulasarvastivada. Buddhist sources clearly record that Katyayana was the first Sarvastivadin.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—n Killing or beating; ruining, destroying, or damaging gen. v kara or kāḍha g.of o.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—n Killing or beating. Ruining, destroying.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—

1) Name of a celebrated writer on grammar who wrote Vārtikas to supplement the Sūtras of Pāṇini; न स्म पुराद्यतन इति ब्रुवता कात्यायनेनेह (na sma purādyatana iti bruvatā kātyāyaneneha) Mahābhārata on P. III.2.118; Rām.2.67.3.

2) Name of a sage who is a writer on civil and religious law; Y.1.4.

Derivable forms: kātyāyanaḥ (कात्यायनः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—(= Pali Kaccāyana, Kaccāna; occurs Mahāvastu iii.382.13 and Divyāvadāna 635.15 as name of a brahmanical gotra, as in Sanskrit; perhaps the same is that mentioned Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 361.1 as the gotra of the Buddha Viraja 2, q.v.), name of an important disciple of the Buddha (Śākyamuni): Mahāvastu i.76.5 ff. (here he is made to deliver a discourse on the ten bhūmi); Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 152.3; Divyāvadāna 11.29; 550.2; identical with Mahākātyāyana, which is commoner; in Divyāvadāna 573.8 he appears to have the epithet (Ārya-) Kāśyapa, q.v. (or are they different persons?); Kātyāyanāvavāda MPS 29.15 (see Waldschmidt, p. 284 n.6).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—m.

(-naḥ) 1. The name of a celebrated lawgiver and divine sage. 2. An appellation of Vararuchi a poet. E. kātya, and phak pleonastic affix. f. (-nī) 1. A name of Durga. 2. A middle-aged widow. E. ṅīṣ added to kātyāyana; the daughter of the saint Katya- Yana, (Durga,) or resembling the wife of a sage in dress and austerity, (the widow.)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—i. e. kati, or kātya + āyana, I. patron., f. nī, A descendant of Kati or Kātya, used as proper name, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 67, 2. Ii. f. nī, A name of Durgā, [Devīmāhātmya, (ed. Poley.)] 8, 28.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन).—[masculine] [Name] of an old ancient (descendant of Kati), & [several] authors, [feminine] ī a woman’s name; adj. ([feminine] ī) coming from Kātyayana.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

1) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—Śrautasūtra. [Mackenzie Collection] 6. Io. 1135. 2844. W. p. 48. Oxf. 382^a. 393^a. Khn. 8. K. 6. B. 1, 168. Ben. 7. 8. 11. 12. 14. Pheh. 3. Rādh. 1. 2. NW. 28. Np. V, 62. Burnell. 23^a. P. 5. Bhk. 9. Bhr. 507. 508. Oppert. Ii, 3990. 8628. Peters. 2, 172. Bp. 257. 285.
—[commentary] Ben. 15. Oppert. Ii, 4514. Peters. 2, 173.
—[commentary] by Ananta. Io. 758. 759.
—[commentary] by Karka. W. p. 50. Oxf. 395^a. B. 1, 166. 168. 178. Ben. 8. 3. 15. NW. 20. Np. Vi, 10. Bhk. 10. Peters. 2, 173.
—[commentary] by Kalyāṇajī (?). NW. 10.
—[commentary] by Gaṅgādhara. B. 1, 164.
—[commentary] by Gadādhara. B. 1, 164. 166. 168.
—[commentary] by Garga. Peters. 2, 173.
—[commentary] Kātyāyanasūtrapaddhati or Śrautapaddhati by Padmanābha. Io. 367. 1637. Bik. 134. Bhk. 11. Peters. 2, 172.
—[commentary] by Pitṛbhūti. Peters. 2, 173.
—[commentary] by Bhartṛyajña. Peters. 2, 173 (third adhyāya).
—[commentary] by Mahādeva. Io. 2714 ([fragmentary]). W. p. 49. 50. Peters. 2, 174.
—[commentary] by Miśrāgnihotrin. B. 1, 170.
—[commentary] by Yājñikadeva. Io. 747-50. 751 Ab. 752 Abc. 753 Ab. 755. 761-64. 1362 Abce. 1368. 1552 B. 1555 B. 1567 C. 2667. 2669. W. p. 48-50. Oxf. 364^b ([fragmentary]). 382^a ([fragmentary]). 386^b ([fragmentary]). 391^a ([fragmentary]). B. 1, 170. 172. Ben. 6. 12-14. Bik. 128. 159-61. Bhk. 10. Bhr. 503-6. W. 1482. 1483. Bp. 286.
—[commentary] Śrautasūtrapaddhati or Śrautasmāraṇakarmapaddhati or Yājñikavallabhā by Yājñikadeva. Io. 18. 754-57. 760. 1362 D. 2589. W. p. 50-52. Oxf. 364^b. 386^b. L. 666. 780. B. 1, 166. Bik. 127. Peters. 1, 118. 2, 172. 3, 387. Sb. 50-52.
—[sub-commentary] by Mahādeva. [Mackenzie Collection] 8.
—[commentary] by Śrīdeva (no doubt Yājñikadeva). Kh. 59.
—[commentary] by Śrīdhara. NW. 20.
—[commentary] by Harihara. B. 1, 168. Iṣṭipaddhati. B. 1, 164. Karmapradīpa q.v. Kārikā. B. 1, 164. Kātyāyanagṛhyakārikā. Oppert. Ii, 3984. Gṛhyapariśiṣṭa. Oppert. Ii, 3985. Caṇḍīvidhāna (?). NW. 246. Jyotiṣṭomabhāṣya by Kāśīdīkṣita. Peters. 2, 173. Trikaṇḍikāsūtra. See Snānasūtrapariśiṣṭa. Navakaṇḍikāśrāddhasūtra. See Śrāddhakalpasūtra. Pariśiṣṭa. W. p. 53-64. Oxf. 382^b. 386^b. B. 1, 166. Oudh. Iii, 6. They are given separately.
—[commentary] Rādh. 1. Pariśiṣṭapaddhati. Peters. 2, 175. Paśubandhasūtra. Bp. 285 (and—[commentary]). Pratihārasūtra. Oxf. 379^b. Prākṛtamañjarī (?). Oppert. 3426. Ii, 6341. Prāyaścitta. W. p. 328.
—[commentary] B. 1, 170. Bhāṣikasūtra q.v. Bhrājaśloka. Quoted in Mahābhāṣya. Maulyādhyāya or Mūlyādhyāya. Khn. 78. Peters. 3, 384.
—[commentary] by Gopālajī. L. 1796. Peters. 3, 384. Rudravidhāna. B. 1, 168. Vārttikapāṭha [grammatical] Report. Xx. Lgr. 113. Bhr. 187. Kātyāyanī Śānti. H. 197. Śāntividhāna. Ben. 10. Śikṣā. L. 1239. Zmg. 1868, 319. Śuklasūtra(?. Peters. 2, 173. Snānavidhisūtra. See Snānasūtrapariśiṣṭa.

2) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन):—Śrautasūtra. delete Oxf. 382^a.
—[commentary] Saṃkṣiptabhāṣya. W. p. 50.
—[commentary] by Karka. read B. 170 instead of 178, and B. 13 instead of 3.
—[sub-commentary] Bhāvaviśodhinī by Ātmārāma. L. 866.
—[commentary] by Yājñikadeva. read Io. 753 Abcd. add Ben. 7. delete Io. 1552 B.
—[commentary] Śrautasūtrapaddhati. add [Mackenzie Collection] 8.
—[commentary] by Harihara. delete this line. Pariśiṣṭa. read Oxf. 382^a.

3) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन):—Śrautasūtra. Cs. 240. Cu. add. 878 (12-26). Peters. 4, 1 (five adhyāyās). Stein 13 (pūrvārdha and 12-26).
—[commentary] Stein 14. 247 ([fragmentary]).
—[commentary] by Ananta. Stein 13. 14 (1-21).
—[commentary] by Karka. Cs. 243 (Jyotiṣṭoma). 242 (Dvādaśāha). Stein 14 (12-18).
—[commentary] by Yājñikadeva. Peters. 4, 1 (1. 5. 25). Stein 14.
—[commentary] Śrautasūtrapaddhati by the same. Peters. 4, 2 (inc.). Stein 13 (6. 9, and 25 inc.).
—[commentary] by Śrīdeva (i. e. Yājñikadeva). Kh. 59 (adhy. 12). Rgb. 74 (adhy. 3). Kātyāyanaśikṣā. [Bhau Dāji Memorial] 121. Gb. 23. Mūlyādhyāya. Rgb. 234.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Kātyāyana (कात्यायन):—[from kātya] m. ‘descendant of Kati’ (See 2. kati), Name of the author of several treatises on ritual, grammar, etc., [Harivaṃśa 1461 and 1768; Rāmāyaṇa ii, 67, 2; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā-prātiśākhya; Yājñavalkya i, 4] (he is also author of the Vārttikas or critical annotations on the aphorisms of Pāṇini, of the Yajur-veda Prātiśākhya, and of the Śrauta-sūtras, and is identified with Vara-ruci, the author of the Prākṛta-prakāśa)

2) [from kātya] mf(ī)n. composed by Kātyāyana.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन):—(naḥ) 1. m. The name of a celebrated law-giver and divine; the poet Vararuchi. (nī) f. A name of Durgā; middle-aged widow woman.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kaccāyaṇa.

[Sanskrit to German]

Katyayana in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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