Katu, Kaṭu, Kātu: 28 definitions
Introduction:
Katu means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)
1) Kaṭu (कटु) is another name for Kaṭvī, a medicinal plant possibly identified with Picrorhiza kurroa (kutki) from the Plantaginaceae or “plantain” family of flowering plants, according to verse 3.139-140 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The third chapter (guḍūcyādi-varga) of this book contains climbers and creepers (vīrudh). Vaidyaka Śabda Sindhu identifies Kaṭvī with Kaṭukī (Picrorhiza kurroa), which on account of its laxative role does not tally with the Kaṭvī of the Raj Nighantu. Together with the names Kaṭu and Kaṭvī, there are a total of eight Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
2) Kaṭu (कटु) is also mentioned as a synonym for Apāmārga, a medicinal plant identified with Achyranthes aspera Linn. (“prickly chaff-flower”) from the Amaranthaceae or “amaranth” family of flowering plants, according to verse 4.88-91. The fourth chapter (śatāhvādi-varga) of this book enumerates eighty varieties of small plants (pṛthu-kṣupa). Together with the names Kaṭu and Apāmārga, there are a total of twenty-three Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
3) Kaṭu (कटु) is also mentioned as another name for Citraka, a medicinal plant identified with (1) [white variety] Plumbago zeylanica Linn.; (2) [red variety] Plumbago rosea Linn. syn. or Plumbago indica Linn., both from the Plumbaginaceae or “leadwort” family of flowering plants, according to verse 6.43-45.—The sixth chapter (pippalyādi-varga) of this book enumerates ninety-five varieties of plants obtained from the market (paṇyauṣadhi). Together with the names Kaṭu and Citraka, there are a total of twenty Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)
Kaṭu (कटु) refers to “pungent substances” and is mentioned in a list of remedies for indigestion in the 17th century Bhojanakutūhala (dravyaguṇāguṇa-kathana), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—A complete section in Bhojanakutūhala is devoted for the description of agents that cause indigestion [viz., puṣkarataila (oil extracted from puṣkara)]. These agents consumed on a large scale can cause indigestion for certain people. The remedies [viz., kaṭu (pungent substances)] for these types of indigestions are also explained therewith.
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Kaṭu (कटु) refers to “bitter words” (employed in the undesirable treatment of elephant), according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 11, “On the keeping of elephants and their daily and seasonal regimen”]: “1. Forest elephants who dwelt there happily and by the power of fate have been brought to town in bonds, afflicted by harsh, bitter (kaṭu), cruel words [tīkṣṇakaṭūgravāgbhiḥ], by excessive grief, fear, bewilderment, bondage, etc., and by sufferings of mind and body, are quite unable for long to sustain life, when from their own herds they have come into the control of men”.
Kaṭu (कटु) refers to “pungent (drugs)”, and is part of the diet in the treatment of horses, according to sections on the treatment of Horses (Gajāyurveda or Aśvāyurveda) in the Garuḍapurāṇa.—The diet also plays a role during the treatment because the food imparts a greater strength and vigour to the horses and acts as a general prophylactic against diseases. The following diets are mentioned for the horses in Garuḍapurāṇa, which are according to the doṣa: [...] The diet in kaphaja-vikāra: In diseases of the deranged kapha, mudga (green gram) or kulattha (horse gram) rasa (soup/ gravy) mixed with kaṭu, tikta (pungent, bitter drugs), should be given to horses. [...]
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
Kaṭu (कटु) refers to the “pungent taste” associated with the the Rasa (“watery juice”) part of a plant; representing a technical term related to the morphology branch of “plant science”, which ultimately involves the study of life history of plants, including its origin and development, their external and internal structures and the relation of the members of the plant body with one another.— The rasa (“juice”) nourishes the plant organs with all the derivatives of five ‘pāñcabhautika’ elementary matters, viz. kṣiti, āp, teja, vāyu and ākāśa. There are six different kinds of tastes (ṣaḍrasa), viz. sweet, sour, saline, pungent, bitter and astringent. The plant acquires a pungent taste (kaṭu-rasa) due the predominance of vāyu (airy) and agni (fiery) property.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Kaṭu (कटु):—1. Pungent; One among six rasa. 2. Synonym of Katuki(Picrorrhiza kurroa) and Rajika(Brassica juncea).
Kaṭu (कटु) or Kaṭurasa refers to an “acrid taste”, according to the Kāśyapasaṃhitā (Khilasthāna, verse 9.43-45ab) in a chapter on abdominal swelling caused by vitiation of the blood.—Accordingly, “Listen to the cause of that which produces the cravings [of a seemingly pregnant woman with raktagulma]. Generally, there is desire for those tastes which cause an increase of the bodily constituents because of the true similarity of their origin. [When] the vitiated blood has a Vāta or Pitta [imbalance] and is accumulating, it fuels desire for tastes such as [those which are] acrid (kaṭu), sour, salty and so on [kaṭvamlalavaṇādīnāṃ rasānāṃ]”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Kaṭu (कटु) refers to “pungent flavour”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 16) (“On the planets—graha-bhaktiyoga”), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “[...] Saturn also presides over pungent flavour (kaṭu) and bitter flavour; over chemistry; over widows, serpents, thieves, buffaloes, asses, camels, beans, leguminous seeds and Niṣpāva”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Kaṭu (कटु) refers to “pungent (oil)” (suitable for the fire oblation), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, “Now there lived a Brahmin called Viṣṇudatta in Navanagara. [...] In the crop-growing season he experienced a lack of water. With words of self-conceit, [possessing] approval [to use] mantrapadas he said, ‘I am going to send forth rain showers and summon Nāgas’. He sacrificed the prescribed fire oblation with sesame seed, rice grain and mustard seed anointed with pungent oil (kaṭu-taila-abhyakta). He prepared an image-form of a certain harmful Nāga. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
General definition (in Buddhism)
Kaṭu (कटु, “acidic”) refers to one of the “six kinds of tastes” (rasa) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 36). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., kaṭu). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Kaṭu (कटु) refers to “violent (actions)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Here in the cycle of rebirth consisting of endless misfortune, sentient beings roam about repeatedly, struck down by spear, axe, vice, fire, corrosive liquid or razor in hell, consumed by the multitude of flames from the fire of violent actions (kaṭukarma-pāvaka) in the plant and animal world , and subject to unequalled trouble in the human condition [or] full of desire among the gods. [Thus ends the reflection on] the cycle of rebirth.”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
1) Katu in India is the name of a plant defined with Aglaia odoratissima in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Aglaia affinis Merrill (among others).
2) Katu is also identified with Arisaema tortuosum It has the synonym Arum curvatum Roxb. (etc.).
3) Katu is also identified with Dysphania ambrosioides It has the synonym Chenopodium integrifolium Vorosch. (etc.).
4) Katu is also identified with Michelia champaca It has the synonym Sampacca suaveolens (Pers.) Kuntze (etc.).
5) Katu in Indonesia is also identified with Sauropus androgynus It has the synonym Aalius retroversa Kuntze (etc.).
6) Katu in Mali is also identified with Echinochloa stagnina It has the synonym Panicum scabrum var. submuticum (Franch.) A. Chev. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg (1924)
· Mant. Pl. (1767)
· Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon (1931)
· Enumeratio Plantarum Horti Botanici Berolinensis (1809)
· Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis (DC.) (1824)
· Trans. Am. Phil. Soc.
If you are looking for specific details regarding Katu, for example chemical composition, health benefits, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, diet and recipes, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
kaṭu (कटु).—a (S) Pungent, sharp, acrid. 2 Sharply bitter. 3 fig. Offensive, keen, cutting--speech. 4 fig. Fierce or fiery: also impetuous, vehement, ardent, smart.
kaṭu (कटु).—a Pungent, sharp, acrid. Sharply bitter.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kaṭu (कटु).—a. [(ṭu or ṭvī] f.)
1) Pungent, acrid; (said of a rasa or flavour; the rasas are six; madhura, kaṭu, amla, tikta, kaṣāya, and lavaṇa); कट्वम्ललवणात्युष्णतीक्ष्णरूक्षविदाहिनः । आहारा राजसस्येष्टा दुःखशोकाभयप्रदाः (kaṭvamlalavaṇātyuṣṇatīkṣṇarūkṣavidāhinaḥ | āhārā rājasasyeṣṭā duḥkhaśokābhayapradāḥ) || Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 17.9.
2) Fragrant, exhaling strong odour; सप्तच्छदक्षीरकटुप्रवाहम् (saptacchadakṣīrakaṭupravāham) R.5.48.
3) Ill-smelling, having a bad smell.
4) (a) Bitter. This sense is found qiven to the words कटु (kaṭu) and कटुक (kaṭuka) in Prākrit and later sanskrit works; cf. अतिकटुः कारवेल्लादिः अतितीक्ष्णो मरिचादिः (atikaṭuḥ kāravellādiḥ atitīkṣṇo maricādiḥ); अमृततरङ्गिणी (amṛtataraṅgiṇī) on Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 17.9,-नीलकण्ठ (nīlakaṇṭha) gives the same sense.
5) caustic (words); Y.3.142. (b) Disagreeable, unpleasant; श्रवणकटु नृपाणामेकवाक्यं विवव्रुः (śravaṇakaṭu nṛpāṇāmekavākyaṃ vivavruḥ) R.6.85.
6) Envious.
7) Hot, impetuous.
-ṭuḥ 1 Pungency, acerbity (one of the six flavours).
2) Name of several plants.
-ṭuḥ f. A medical plant (kaṭurohiṇī).
-ṭu n.
1) An improper action.
2) Blaming, reviling, scandal.
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Kātu (कातु).—A well.
Derivable forms: kātuḥ (कातुः).
Kaṭu (कटु).—mfn. (-ṭuḥ-ṭuḥ or -ṭvī-ṭu) 1. Pungent. 2. Envious. 3. Fierce, impetuous, hot. 4. Fragrant. 5. Bad scented, ill smelling. 6. Displeasing, disagreeable. m.
(-ṭuḥ) 1. Pungency or a pungent taste. 2. A flower, (Michelia champaca.) 3. Champhor. 4. A sort of gourd, (Trichosanthes.) n. (-ṭu) 1. An improper action, an act which ought not to have been done. 2. Blaming, reviling, scandal. f.
(-ṭuḥ) 1. The name of a medicinal plant; also kaṭukā and kaṭukī. 2. A plant which bears a fragrant seed: see priyaṅgu. 3. Mustard. E. kaṭ to go, &c. and u Unadi aff.
Kaṭu (कटु).— (for kartu, i. e. kṛt + u), adj., f. ṭu or ṭvī, Sharp, pungent; of taste, [Pañcatantra] 61, 11; of smell, Mahābhārata 14, 1408; of the wind, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 22, 11; of words, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 191.
Kaṭu (कटु).—[adjective] pungent, biting, sharp, bitter; [abstract] tā [feminine], tva [neuter]
1) Kaṭu (कटु):—[from kaṭ] mf(vī and us)n. ([Uṇādi-sūtra i, 9]; cf. √2. kṛt) pungent, acrid, sharp (one of the six kinds of flavour, rasa q.v.), [Mahābhārata; Suśruta; Bhagavad-gītā] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] pungent, stimulating (as smell), strong-scented, ill-smelling, [Mahābhārata xiv; Raghuvaṃśa v, 48; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] bitter, caustic (as words) displeasing, disagreeable (as sounds)
4) [v.s. ...] fierce, impetuous, hot, envious, [Raghuvaṃśa vi, 85; Pañcatantra] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] m. (us) pungency, acerbity (as of a flavour), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.];
6) [v.s. ...] cf. [Lithuanian] kartus, ‘bitter’
7) [v.s. ...] Trichosanthes Dioeca, [Suśruta]
8) [v.s. ...] Michelia Campaka, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) [v.s. ...] Name of several other plants, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
10) [v.s. ...] a kind of camphor, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
11) [v.s. ...] f(us and vī). Name of several plants
12) [v.s. ...] n. (u) an improper action, an act which ought not to have been done
13) [v.s. ...] blaming, reviling, scandal, [Horace H. Wilson]
14) Kātu (कातु):—m. = kūpa, [Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yāska iii, 23] (cf. kāṭa.)
Kaṭu (कटु):—[(ṭuḥ-ṭuḥ-ṭu) a.] Pungent; fierce; envious; disagreeable. m. Pungency; a flower; camphor; a plant. n. An improper act.
Kaṭu (कटु):—[Die Uṇādi-Affixe 1, 8.]
1) adj. scharf, beissend, eine der sechs Arten des Geschmacks [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 4, 18.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1389.] [Anekārthasaṃgraha 2, 83.] [Medinīkoṣa ṭ. 4.] [Yājñavalkya’s Gesetzbuch 3, 142.] [Mahābhārata 1, 716. 14, 1411.] [Bhagavadgītā 17, 9.] [Suśruta 1, 154, 6. 7. 173, 11. 2, 359, 7. 370, 1. 545. fgg.] [Pañcatantra 61, 11. 254, 11.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 3, 26, 42.] vom Geruch [Mahābhārata 14, 1408.] saptacchadakṣīrakaṭupravāhamasahyamāghrāya madam [Raghuvaṃśa 5, 48.] vom Winde: kaṭuśītānila [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 22, 11.] von Reden: śravaṇakaṭu (vākya) [Raghuvaṃśa 6, 85.] cāṭavaḥ kaṭavaḥ [Pañcatantra I, 191.] = tīkṣṇa [Amarakoṣa 3, 4, 9, 38.] = khara [Medinīkoṣa] = matsara [Amarakoṣa] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] = apriya [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 94.] = durgandha [SVĀMIN] zu [Amarakoṣa im Śabdakalpadruma] = sugandhi [Medinīkoṣa] Hierher ist wohl auch noch zu ziehen n. ( [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 5, 7]) = akārya [Amarakoṣa] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] = rūṣaṇa [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] und [VIŚVA im Śabdakalpadruma] —
2) m. a) scharfer Geschmack, Schärfe [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 4, 18. 3, 4, 9, 38.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1389.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] — b) Name verschiedener Pflanzen: α) Michelia Champaca (campaka) [Śabdacandrikā im Śabdakalpadruma] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] (surabhi). — β) Trichosanthes dioeca Roxb. (paṭola) [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] [Suśruta 1, 370, 10.] — γ) = kaṭvī [Rājanirghaṇṭa] — c) Kampher (cīnakarpūra) ebend. —
3) f. kaṭu Name verschiedener Pflanzen: a) = kaṭurohiṇī [Amarakoṣa 2, 4, 3, 4.] [Medinīkoṣa] = kaṭukā [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] = rājikā Sinapis ramosa Roxb. [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] und [VIŚVA im Śabdakalpadruma] = priyaṅgu [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] und [VIŚVA.] —
4) f. kaṭvī Name einer Pflanze (latā), = kaṭu, kaṭukā, kaṭukavallī, kāṣṭhavallikā, paśumohanikā, sukāṣṭhā, suvallī [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] [Suśruta 1, 163, 2. 2, 281, 4.]
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Kātu (कातु):—m. so v. a. kūpa [das 3, 23.] — Vgl. kāṭa .
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Kaṭu (कटु):—
1) giraḥ śvānaḥ [Spr. 1772.] raṭantaḥ karaṭāḥ (Krähen) kaṭu [KĀŚĪKH. 68, 53] bei [AUFRECHT, Halāyudha] [Ind.] u. karaṭa . [Z. 10] dūṣaṇa fehlerhaft für ūṣaṇa .
Kaṭu (कटु):——
1) Adj. Scharf , beissend (Geschmack , Geruch , Laute , Reden , Wind). kaṭu und taram ([Indische sprüche 7669]) Adv. —
2) m. — a) *Scharfer Geschmack , Schärfe. — b) Trichosanthes dioeca. — c) *Michelia Champaca. — d) * = kaṭvī. — e) *eine Art Kampher. —
3) *f. kaṭu Bez. verschiedener Pflanzen. —
4) f. kaṭvī eine best. Pflanze.
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Kātu (कातु):—m. = kūpa.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Kaṭu (कटु):—(a) bitter, vitriolic; unpleasant; ~[tā] bitterness; unpleasantness.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Kaṭu (ಕಟು):—[noun] a kind of tax (now obs.).
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Kaṭu (ಕಟು):—
1) [adjective] having a sharp or strong taste or smell, esp. so as to produce a pricking sensation; pungent; acrid.
2) [adjective] bitter; virulent.
3) [adjective] that burns or corrodes organic tissue; caustic.
4) [adjective] sarcastic, biting (said of words, remarks etc.); reproaching, abusing harshly.
5) [adjective] disagreeable; unpleasant (said of behaviour).
6) [adjective] hot; impetuous; acting without reasoning.
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Kaṭu (ಕಟು):—
1) [noun] = ಕಟುಕರೋಹಿಣಿ [katukarohini].
2) [noun] an act , behaviour that is not agreeable as per social standards or custom.
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Kāṭu (ಕಾಟು):—[noun] a large tract of land covered with trees and underbush; a forest; woodland.
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Kāṭu (ಕಾಟು):—
1) [adjective] roaming with no fixed purpose or special plan.
2) [adjective] inclined to trouble, disturb another or others.
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Kāṭu (ಕಾಟು):—
1) [noun] a grasp or cut by the teeth.
2) [noun] a mark, wound, bruise or sting from biting; a bite; a puncture by an insect.
3) [noun] a dent made with a sharp weapon (as an axe, sickle, etc.).
4) [noun] that part of a scorpion which pierces and injects poison; the sting.
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Kāṭu (ಕಾಟು):—
1) [noun] a 'X' mark used to denote that a particular word, sentence or portion of a written passage is deleted, cancelled or disapproved.
2) [noun] ಕಾಟು ಹಾಕು [katu haku] kāṭu hāku to delete or cancel (written or printed matter) with or as with an 'X' mark; ಕಾಟುಗೀಟು [katugitu] kāṭugīṭu = ಕಾಟು [katu]4.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Kaṭu (கடு) [kaṭuttal] 11 verb [Malayalam: kaḍu.] intransitive
1. To throb and pain, as from a sting, a venomous bite, a prick or toothache; நோவெடுத்தல். [noveduthal.]
2. To ache, as from rheumatism, colic or dysentery; to pain, as the leg from walking, the head from carrying a load, the arm from writing; உளைதல். புணரிக ணீந்திநீந்திக் கையிணை கடுத்து [ulaithal. punariga ninthininthig kaiyinai kaduthu] (பிரமோத்தரகாண்டம் [piramotharagandam] 4, 53).
3. To be too highly seasoned, pungent, as curry; உறைத்தல். [uraithal.]
4. To move swiftly, run fast; விரைந்து ஓடுதல். காலெனக் கடுக்குங் கவின் பெறு தேரும் [virainthu oduthal. kalenag kadukkung kavin peru therum] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: மதுரைக்காஞ்சி [pathuppattu: mathuraikkanchi] 388).
5. To be full; to pervade; மிகுதல். நெஞ்சங் கடுத்தது [miguthal. nenchang kaduthathu] (திருக்குறள் [thirukkural], 706). — transitive
1. To be angry, indignant, wroth; கோபித் தல். மங்கையைக் கடுத்து [kopith thal. mangaiyaig kaduthu] (அரிச்சந்திர புராணம் நகர்நீ. [arichandira puranam nagarni.] 110).
2. To dislike, detest, abhor; வெறுத்தல். பொன்பெய ருடையோன் தன்பெயர் கடுப்ப [veruthal. ponpeya rudaiyon thanpeyar kaduppa] (கல்லாடம் [kalladam] 5).
3. To doubt; சந்தேகித்தல். நடுக்குறக்கேட்டுங் கடுத்தும் [santhegithal. nadukkurakkettung kaduthum] (கலித்தொகை [kalithogai] 24).
4. To resemble; ஒத்தல். அவிரறல் கடுக்கு மம்மென் கூந்தல் [othal. aviraral kadukku mammen kunthal] (புறநானூறு [purananuru] 25, 13).
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Kaṭu (கடு) [kaṭutal] 6 v.transitive < கள்-. [kal-.] To weed; களைபிடுங்குதல். கடைசியர்கள் கடுங்களையின் [kalaipidunguthal. kadaisiyarkal kadungalaiyin] (பெரியபுராணம் மானக்கஞ். [periyapuranam manakkagn.] 2).
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Kaṭu (கடு) noun < கடு¹-. [kadu¹-.] cf. kaṭu. [Malayalam: kaḍu.]
1. Chebulic myrobalan. See கடுக்காய் [kadukkay],
2. கடுக்கலித்தொகை தெழுந்த கண்ணகன் சிலம்பில் [kadukkalith thezhuntha kannagan silambil] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: மலை [pathuppattu: malai] 14).
2. Bitterness; கைப்பு. (சூடாமணிநிகண்டு) [kaippu. (sudamaninigandu)]
3. Pungency; கார்ப்பு. (சூடாமணிநிகண்டு) [karppu. (sudamaninigandu)]
4. Poison, venom; நஞ்சு. கடுவோ டொடுங் கிய தூம்புடை வாலெயிறு [nanchu. kaduvo dodung kiya thumbudai valeyiru] (பத்துப்பாட்டு [pathuppattu] 148).
5. Snake; பாம்பு. கடுவுநஞ் சிறைப்ப (கல்லாடம்). [pambu. kaduvunagn siraippa (kalladam).]
6. Crocodile; முதலை. (வைத்திய மூலிகை). [muthalai. (vaithiya muligai).]
7. Thorn; முள். (திவா.) [mul. (thiva.)]
8. Indian Nightshade. See முள்ளி. (வைத்திய மலையகராதி) [mulli. (vaithiya malaiyagarathi)]
9. Astringency; துவர்ப்பு. (வைத்திய மூலிகை) [thuvarppu. (vaithiya muligai)]
10. Round berried cuspidate-leaved Lingam Tree. See மாவிலங்கை. (வைத்திய மலையகராதி) [mavilangai. (vaithiya malaiyagarathi)]
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Kaṭu (கடு) noun [Telugu: gaḍuvu, Kanarese, Malayalam: Travancore usage gaḍu.] Fixed time, period; தவணை. சொன்னகடு தவறாமல் திரும்பிவா. [thavanai. sonnagadu thavaramal thirumbiva.]
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Katu (கது) noun < கதுவு-. [kathuvu-.]
1. Cicatrice, scar; வடு. கதுவா யெஃகின் [vadu. kathuva yeqkin] (பதிற்றுப்பத்து [pathirruppathu] 45, 4).
2. Mountain cleft; மலைப்பிளப்பு. கதுப்புகுந் துறங்குபு கழுதுஞ் சோர்ந்தவே [malaippilappu. kathuppugun thurangupu kazhuthugn sornthave] (சூளாமணி கல்யா. [sulamani kalya.] 234).
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Kāṭu (காடு) noun < கடி⁵. [kadi⁵.] cf. kāṣṭha. [Telugu: Kanarese, Malayalam: Travancore usage kāḍu.]
1. Forest; jungle; desert; வனம். காடே கடவுண் மேன [vanam. kade kadavun mena] (பதிற்றுப்பத்து [pathirruppathu] 13, 20).
2. Excessiveness, abundance; மிகுதி. எங்கும் வெள்ளக் காடாயிருக்கிறது. [miguthi. engum vellag kadayirukkirathu.]
3. Density; நெருக்கம். தாமரைக் காடு போன்றார் [nerukkam. thamaraig kadu ponrar] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 2199).
4. Chaff, straw, etc.; செத்தை. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [sethai. (pingalagandu)]
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Kāṭu (காடு) noun cf. kāṣṭhā.
1. Border, limit; எல்லை. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [ellai. (pingalagandu)]
2. A measure=4 aṇaippu =more than 2 acres; நான்கு அணைப்புள்ள ஒரு நிலவளவு. [nanku anaippulla oru nilavalavu.]
3. Burning-ghat, burial ground; சுடுகாடு. நெய்தல் கல்லென வொலிக்குங் காடு [sudugadu. neythal kallena volikkung kadu] (புறப்பொருள்வெண்பாமாலை [purapporulvenpamalai] 10, காஞ்சிப். [kanchip.] 6, கொளு [kolu]).
4. Place; tract of land; இடம். வயற்காடு, பட்டிக்காடு. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [idam. vayarkadu, pattikkadu. (pingalagandu)]
5. Dry land; புன்செய்நிலம். [punseynilam.] (C.G.)
6. Small village; சிறிய திருமடல் ஊர். (பிங்கலகண்டு) [siriya thirumadal ur. (pingalagandu)]
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Kāṭu (காடு) particle An ending of verbal nouns, as in சாக்காடு; ஒரு தொழிற்பெயர்விகுதி. [sakkadu; oru thozhirpeyarviguthi.]
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Kātu (காது) noun [Malayalam: kātu.]
1. Ear; செவி. வடிந்துவீழ் காதினள் [sevi. vadinthuvizh kathinal] (சிலப்பதிகாரம் அரும்பதவுரை [silappathigaram arumbathavurai] 4, 51).
2. Hole through which thread, rope, hook, pin or shaft is passed, as the eye of a needle; ஊசிமுதலியவற் றின் துளை. காதற்ற வூசியும் [usimuthaliyavar rin thulai. katharra vusiyum] (பட்டினத். திருப்பாவை பொது. [pattinath. thiruppavai pothu.] 10).
3. The groove in a sling in which is placed the sling-stone; கவண்கல் வைக்குமிடம். காதறு கவணதேய்க்கும் [kavankal vaikkumidam. katharu kavanatheykkum] (ஐங்குறுநூறு பக். [aingurunuru pag.] 143, பாட்டு [pattu], 1).
4. Part near the stem of tobacco leaf; புகையிலை யின் காம்பு. [pugaiyilai yin kambu.] Local usage
5. Ear of a jar; projection in the rim of a vessel serving as a handle; பாத் திரத்தின் விளிம்புப்பிடி. [path thirathin vilimbuppidi.]
6. The top of a bond written on a palmyra as far as the hole through which it is filed; stamped part of an indenture or bond which is torn off when the bond is discharged; பத்திரத்தின் காது. காதற்றுப்போன முறி. [pathirathin kathu. katharruppona muri.]
7. Small wedge to hold in its place a tenon, a handle, a peg; அடித்து இறுக்கப்படும் ஆப்பு. [adithu irukkappadum appu.] (W.)
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Kātu (காது) [kātutal] 5 transitive verb cf. ghāta. [K. kādu, Travancore usage kāduni.]
1. To kill, slay, murder; கொல்லுதல். அவுணர்தங் கிளையைக் காதி [kolluthal. avunarthang kilaiyaig kathi] (கந்தபு. விடை. [kanthapu. vidai.] 43).
2. To cut; வெட்டுதல். குயத்தாற் காதி [vettuthal. kuyathar kathi] (கந்தபு. வில்வலன்வாதாவிவதை. [kanthapu. vilvalanvathavivathai.] 15).
3. To divide, dissect; பிரிவுசெய்தல். [pirivuseythal.] (W.)
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Kātu (காது) noun < காது-. [kathu-.] Murder; கொலை. (சூடாமணிநிகண்டு) [kolai. (sudamaninigandu)]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
Kaṭu (कटु):—adj. 1. pungent; acrid; unpleasant; harsh; 2. disagreeable; unpleasant; bitter;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
Pali-English dictionary
1) katu (ကတု) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[kara+tu]
[ကရ+တု]
2) kaṭu (ကဋု) [(thī,pu) (ထီ၊ပု)]—
[kaṭa+u．kaṭa vassāvaraṇagatīsu,u．,ṭī．582．]
[ကဋ+ဥ။ ကဋ ဝဿာဝရဏဂတီသု၊ ဥ။ ဓာန်၊ ဋီ။ ၅၈၂။]
[Pali to Burmese]
1) katu—
(Burmese text): ယဇ်ပူဇော်ခြင်း။
(Auto-Translation): Worship.
2) kaṭu—
(Burmese text): (ထီ) (၁) ကုလားဆောင်မေးခါး။ (ပု) (၂) စပ်သောအရသာ။ (တိ) (၃) ကြမ်းတမ်းသော။ (၄) မပြု-အပ်-သင့်-ထိုက်-ကောင်း-သောအမှု။
(Auto-Translation): (1) A type of shackle. (2) A paired flavor. (3) Rough or coarse. (4) An act that is not permissible or suitable.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: U, Ou, Tu, Kara, Kata, Kitta.
Starts with (+26): Kattu, Katu andara, Katu pattiram, Katu vekkali, Katu-amanku, Katu-ayamoddakam, Katu-baramareca, Katu-cinapumi, Katu-eramadu, Katu-kanalan, Katu-kara-walli, Katu-karanir, Katu-karcatti, Katubadari, Katubhadra, Katubhanga, Katubija, Katucaram, Katucaturjataka, Katucchada.
Full-text (+1264): Kattu, Trikatu, Katutumbi, Katurohini, Katvanga, Katuphala, Shrutikatu, Katukita, Katuta, Katusneha, Katutraya, Katukitaka, Katubhadra, Katutiktaka, Katukanda, Katugranthi, Katubhanga, Katukvana, Katutikta, Katumbhara.
Relevant text
Search found 111 books and stories containing Katu, Kaadu, Kaathu, Kadhu, Kadu, Kara-tu, Kata-u, Kaṭa-u, Kathu, Kaṭu, Kātu, Kāṭu; (plurals include: Katus, Kaadus, Kaathus, Kadhus, Kadus, tus, us, Kathus, Kaṭus, Kātus, Kāṭus). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 1.13.6 < [Chapter 13 - The Liberation of Pūtanā]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 416 < [Tamil-Hindi-English, Volume 1]
Page 172 < [Malayalam-English-Kannada (1 volume)]
Page 179 < [Kannada-English-Malayalam (1 volume)]
Tirumantiram by Tirumular (English translation)
Verse 1610: Wonders Nandi Showed < [Tantra Six (aram tantiram) (verses 1573-1703)]
Verse 41: In Depths Of Devotee's Heart < [Payiram (preface) (verses 1 to 112)]
Verse 1212: Worship Sakti in Yoga Way < [Tantra Four (nankam tantiram) (verses 884-1418)]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.130 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 7.3 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 7.22 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
108 Tirupathi Anthathi (English translation) (by Sri Varadachari Sadagopan)
Verse 69: Thiruvithuvakkodu (Divya Desam)
Verse 68: Thiruvattaru (Divya Desam)
Review on Prameha Roga's pharmacological management via Kwatha Kalpana. < [Volume 10, Suppl 4: July-August 2023]
Sandhigatavata in Osteoarthritis: Trayodasanga Guggulu Overview < [Volume 9, Issue 2: March-April 2022]
Classical analysis of bhojana and bhājana in Āyurveda. < [Volume 8, Issue 1: January - February 2021]
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