Kathinya, Kāṭhinya: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Kathinya means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: gurumukhi.ru: Ayurveda glossary of termsKāṭhinya (काठिन्य):—[kāṭhinyaṃ] Hardness
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationKāṭhinya (काठिन्य) refers to “toughness”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.25 (“The seven celestial sages test Pārvatī”).—Accordingly, as Pārvatī said to the seven Sages: “O excellent sages, what you have said may be true according to your light and wisdom; but O brahmins, my tenacity cannot be affected. Being born of a mountain, toughness [i.e., kāṭhinya] is congenital to my body. Pondering over this with a short intellect you will please desist from preventing me. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Kāṭhinya (काठिन्य) refers to “tightly (tying)” (the socks of Hawks), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the treatment of hawks]: “Gardabhī is the name of inilammation of the legs accompanied by boils, caused by tight tying (bandha-kāṭhinya) [in a ‘sock’], fear, or frequent flight. If long neglected, the same disease is called Cāndi. To cure Gardabhī the legs hould be plastered over daily for seven days, with the exudation of the common fig tree and of Fiscus religiosa; or, it can be cured by plastering them over with black salt. [...]”
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarykāṭhinya (काठिन्य).—n S Hardness, firmness, solidity.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishkāṭhiṇya (काठिण्य).—n Hardness, solidity, firmness.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKāṭhinya (काठिन्य).—
1) Hardness, tightness; काठिन्यमुक्तस्तनम् (kāṭhinyamuktastanam) Ś.3.9.
2) Sternness, hard-heartedness, cruelty.
3) Diffculty, obscurity (of style). (-naḥ) The date fruit.
Derivable forms: kāṭhinyam (काठिन्यम्).
See also (synonyms): kāṭhina.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryKāṭhinya (काठिन्य).—n.
(-nyaṃ) 1. Hardness. 2. Difficulty, obscurity. 3. Sternness, severity. E. kaṭhina hard, and ṣyañ aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKāṭhinya (काठिन्य).—i. e. kaṭhina + ya, n. 1. Hardness, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] [distich] 58. 2. Firmness, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 440.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKāṭhinya (काठिन्य).—[neuter] hardness, rigidity, firmness, severity.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Kāṭhinya (काठिन्य):—[from kāṭhina] n. hardness, rigidity, stiffness, sternness, severity (Name of a disease), [Śārṅgadhara-saṃhitā]
2) [v.s. ...] firmness of character, difficulty, obscurity (of style) [commentator or commentary] on [Pāṇini 6-1, 24; Vopadeva xiii, 1; Śakuntalā 63; Kumāra-sambhava; Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
3) [v.s. ...] error for kaṭhilla, [Lalita-vistara xliv, 7.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryKāṭhinya (काठिन्य):—(nyaṃ) 1. n. Hardness.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Kāṭhinya (काठिन्य) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kāṭhiṇṇa.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKāṭhiṇya (ಕಾಠಿಣ್ಯ):—[noun] = ಕಾಠಿನ್ಯ [kathinya].
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Kāṭhinya (ಕಾಠಿನ್ಯ):—
1) [noun] the quality of being hard, rough or coarse; harshness; roughness.
2) [noun] the quality or fact of being unpleasantly crude, offensive to the mind or feelings of excessively severe; crudeness; severity.
3) [noun] the quality or state of being void of pity; cruelness.
4) [noun] the quality of being not easy to understand, perform or deal with; the condition or fact of being difficult; difficulty.
5) [noun] the power of, and resistance to hardships in life.
6) [noun] (min./geol.) power of, and resistance to scratching; hardness.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Kathinyacarmakosha, Kathinyaphala.
Ends with: Bandhakathinya, Shabdakathinya.
Full-text: Kathinyaphala, Katiniyam, Kathinna, Kathalya, Kathina, Murti, Ya.
Relevant text
Search found 3 books and stories containing Kathinya, Kāṭhinya, Kāṭhiṇya; (plurals include: Kathinyas, Kāṭhinyas, Kāṭhiṇyas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 1.2.249 < [Part 2 - Devotional Service in Practice (sādhana-bhakti)]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 10.170 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 10.240 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
Text 10.20 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]
The Markandeya Purana (Study) (by Chandamita Bhattacharya)
3. Worship and Mythology of Agni < [Chapter 3]