Kardama, Kārdama: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Kardama means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Kardam.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia1) Kardama (कर्दम).—A Prajāpati. Pulaha, son of Brahmā, begot of his wife Kṣamā three sons named Kardama, Urvarīyān and Sahiṣṇu. (Chapter 10, Aṃśa 1, Viṣṇu Purāṇa). Of these three Kardama married Devahūti. Devahūti was the daughter of Svāyambhuva Manu and sister of Ākūti and Prasūti. (8th Skandha, Devī Bhāgavata).
Devahūti was an ideal wife and served her husband with great devotion. Kardama was pleased with his wife and presented her with an aeroplane. Kardama and Devahūti conducted then a tour of the worlds in that plane. Devahūti delivered nine daughters and a son. The daughters were married to Marīci and other sages and the son grew into the celebrated Sage Kapilācārya. Kardama then entered into Samādhi. (Sitting in yoga and courting death of one’s own accord). (3rd Skandha, Bhāgavata).
2) Kardama (कर्दम).—A virtuous serpent. (Chapter 35, Ādi Parva).
3) Kardama (कर्दम).—This Sage sits in the court of Brahmā and worships him. (Śloka 19, Chapter 11, Sabhā Parva, Mahābhārata).
4) Kardama (कर्दम).—A celebrated sage who was the grandson of Viraja. He had a son named Anaṅga. (Śloka 90, Chapter 59, Śānti Parva).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation1) Kardama (कर्दम) was created as a Sādhaka (aspirant) by Brahmā out of his shadow (chāyā), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.16:—“[...] I [viz., Brahmā] created many other things as well, but O sage, I was not satisfied. Then O sage, I meditated on Śiva and his consort Ambā and created aspirants (sādhakas). [...] I created the sage Kardama from my shadow (chāyā), [...] O foremost among sages, creating thus, thanks to the favour of Mahādeva, these excellent Sādhakas (e.g., Kardama) I became contented. Then, O dear one, Dharma, born out of my conception assumed the form of Manu at my bidding and was engaged in activity by the aspirants”.
Kardama was married to Devahūti: one of the three daughters of Svāyambhuvamanu and Śatarūpā:—“[...] He (Svāyambhuva Manu) begot of her (Śatarūpā) two sons Priyavrata and Uttānapāda and three daughters Ākūti, Devahūti and Prasūti, all of them very famous. He gave Ākūti in marriage to Ruci and the middle one [viz., Devahūti] to Kardama. He gave Prasūti the younger sister of Uttānapāda in marriage to Dakṣa. Their sons and progeny are spread over the world both mobile and immobile. [...] O sage, Kardama begot of Devahūti many daughters. [...] Thus according to their own actions and at the bidding of Śiva innumerable famous brahmins were born out of the various living beings”.
2) Kardama (कर्दम) refers to “mud”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.27 (“Description of the fraudulent words of the Brahmacārin”).—Accordingly, as Śiva (in guise of a Brahmacārin) said to Pārvatī: “[...] Handing over a gold coin you wish to buy a piece of glass. Setting aside the pure sandal paste you wish to smear mud [i.e., kardama] over your body. Unmindful of the sunlight you wish to have the light of the glow worm. Throwing away the fine China silk you wish to wear the hide. Discarding the life at home you yearn for a life in the forest, O madam, throwing away excellent treasure you wish a piece of iron in return? [...]”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Kardama (कर्दम).—Father of Kapīla. Married Devahūti.1 A son of Brahmā born of his shadow. A progenitor and a yogi;2 performed in kṛtayuga austerities on the banks of Sarasvatī for 10,000 years; when Hari appeared before him, he praised Him and asked for a suitable wife. Devahūti was suggested and the Lord disappeared. Manu came with his wife and daughter to his hermitage, and was suitably received. Kardama agreed to marry his daughter and lead a householder's life until the birth of children. After wedding, Manu and his wife returned home. Pleased at his wife's devotion, created an aerial car artistically built and furnished. Took his wife after her bath and dress round the earth for a hundred years. Nine daughters were born when according to original contract he was anxious to leave her for woods to practise yoga. Noticing her anxiety at his departure, he consoled her that she would give birth to Hari who would bring solace to her. On the birth of Kapila, Brahmā and other seers called on him; gave his daughters in marriage, took leave of his son and retired to a life of penance.
1b) A son of Pulaha and Kṣamā; married Sruti; son Śaṅkhapada and daughter Kāmyā; a Prajāpati; a sage by tapas and a devaṛṣi;1 a pravara.2
- 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa I. 1. 65; II. 11. 23 and 31; 32. 99; 35. 94; III. 8. 18; 10. 93; Matsya-purāṇa 145. 93; Vāyu-purāṇa 1. 80; 3. 3; 28. 25-29; 33. 7; 38. 7; 59. 91; 61. 84; 65. 53; Viṣṇu-purāṇa I. 10. 10.
- 2) Matsya-purāṇa 199. 16.
1c) A Prajāpati: wife of Sinīvalī; had two daughters Samrāṭ and Kukṣi, besides ten sons.1 His wife left him for Soma. His world that of ājya pitṛs.2
1d) Also Śamkhapa; a Lokapāla.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 21. 157; Matsya-purāṇa 124. 95; Vāyu-purāṇa 50. 206.
Kardama (कर्दम) refers to one of the two sons of Marīci and Kṣamā: one of the twenty-four daughters of Dakṣa and Prasūti, according to the Vaṃśa (‘genealogical description’) of the 10th century Saurapurāṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—Accordingly, Ākūti was married to Ruci and Prasūti to Dakṣa. Dakṣa produced in Prasūti twenty-four daughters. [...] [Kṣamā was given to Pulaha.]. [...] Pulaha and Kṣamā had two sons—Kardama and Ambarīṣa.
Source: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha Chikitsa (itihasa)Kardama is the name of a Serpent (sarpa) mentioned in the thirty-fifth chapter (verses 4-17) of the Ādiparva of the Mahābhārata.—Accordingly, Sauti, on being implored by Śaunaka to name all the serpents in the course of the sarpa-sattra, tells him that it is humanly impossible to give a complete list because of their sheer multiplicity; but would name the prominent ones in accordance with their significance [e.g., Kardama].
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad BhagavatamrtamKardama (कर्दम) refers to:—(or Kardamarṣi) The father of Kapila-deva and one of the primary progenitors of the universe. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).
Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)Kardama (कर्दम) refers to “mud” (as opposed to Akardama—‘absence of mud’), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “Hunting on horseback (āśvina) represents one of the eight subdivisions of Hunting (mṛgayā). [...] Hunting on horseback leads to intense delight. In this kind, running animals are killed with arrows and with the help of horses. The ground should be without mud (akardama) and without stones, without trees, and without pits [avṛkṣakardamagrāvā nīrandhrā], the appropriate time being from the middle of the cold season to the middle of Jyaiṣṭha. [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
Source: Shodhganga: Drumavichitrikarnam—Plant mutagenesis in ancient IndiaKardama (कर्दम) refers to “(a land full of) mud”, which is used in certain bio-organical recipes for plant mutagenesis, according to the Vṛkṣāyurveda by Sūrapāla (1000 CE): an encyclopedic work dealing with the study of trees and the principles of ancient Indian agriculture.—Accordingly, “[...] The same (i.e the seed of Nymphaea caerulea) if wrapped in python’s skin, sown in a land full of mud (kardama) stinking with rotten lotus seeds and then nourished with flesh water grows into a forest of Nelumbo nucifera”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: Een Kritische Studie Van Svayambhūdeva’s PaümacariuKardama (कर्दम) participated in the war between Rāma and Rāvaṇa, on the side of the latter, as mentioned in Svayambhūdeva’s Paumacariu (Padmacarita, Paumacariya or Rāmāyaṇapurāṇa) chapter 57ff. Svayambhū or Svayambhūdeva (8th or 9th century) was a Jain householder who probably lived in Karnataka. His work recounts the popular Rāma story as known from the older work Rāmāyaṇa (written by Vālmīki). Various chapters [mentioning Kardama] are dedicated to the humongous battle whose armies (known as akṣauhiṇīs) consisted of millions of soldiers, horses and elephants, etc.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarykardama (कर्दम).—m (S) Mud, muck, mire. 2 fig. Any slop, mess, nastiness, or confusedly mingled mass. 3 fig. Promiscuous assemblage of castes or of the clean and unclean.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishkardama (कर्दम).—m Mud, mire. Fig. Any slop, nastiness, &c.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKardama (कर्दम).—[Uṇādi-sūtra 4.85]
1) Mud, slime, mire; पादौ नूपुरलग्नकर्दमधरौ प्रक्षालयन्ती स्थिता (pādau nūpuralagnakardamadharau prakṣālayantī sthitā) Mṛcchakaṭika 5.35; पथश्चाश्यानकर्दमान् (pathaścāśyānakardamān) R.4.24.
2) Dirt, filth.
3) (Fig.) Sin.
4) Name of a Prajāpati.
-mam Flesh.
Derivable forms: kardamaḥ (कर्दमः).
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Kārdama (कार्दम).—(-mī f.), -कार्दम (kārdama) (-mī) क (ka) a. (-kī f.) [कर्दम-अण्-ठक् वा (kardama-aṇ-ṭhak vā) P.IV.2.2. Vārt.]
1) Muddy, soiled or covered with mud.
2) A pearl produced in Kardama, a river in Persia; Kau. A.2.11.
3) Belonging to Prajāpati Kardama; कार्दमं वीर्यमापन्नो जज्ञेऽग्निरिव दारुणि (kārdamaṃ vīryamāpanno jajñe'gniriva dāruṇi) Bhāgavata 3.24.6.
See also (synonyms): kārdamī, kārdamaka, kārdamīka, kārdamakī, kārdamīkī.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryKardama (कर्दम).—m.
(-maḥ) 1. Mud, mire, clay. 2. Sin. 3. A Prajapati, the son of Brahma by Ch'Haya, and the father of Kapila: (this personage appears to be an innovation in Hindu mythology.) f. (-mī) A plant. n.
(-maṃ) Flesh. E. kard to sound badly, and ama Unadi aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKardama (कर्दम).—I. m. 1. Mud, [Yājñavalkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 1, 197; [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 78, 31 (rudhirakardama, Gore, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 107). 2. Dregs, Mahābhārata 14, 2683. 3. A certain plant, [Suśruta] 2, 100, 20. 4. The name of a Nāga, Mahābhārata 1, 1561; of a Prajāpati, 12, 2211. Ii. adj. Soiled, [Suśruta] 2, 309, 5.
--- OR ---
Kārdama (कार्दम).—i. e. kardama + a, adj. 1. Muddy, [Rāmāyaṇa] 5, 27, 16. 2. Belonging to the Prajāpati Kardama, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 3, 24, 6.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKardama (कर्दम).—[masculine] slime, mud; as adj. = seq.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Kardama (कर्दम):—[from kard] m. ([Uṇādi-sūtra iv, 84]) mud, slime, mire, clay, dirt, filth, [Mahābhārata; Yājñavalkya; Raghuvaṃśa] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] sin [commentator or commentary] on [Uṇādi-sūtra]
3) [v.s. ...] shade, shadow (in Veda according to, [Brahma-purāṇa])
4) [v.s. ...] Name of a Prajāpati (born from the shadow of Brahmā, husband of Devahūti and father of Kapila), [Mahābhārata]
5) [v.s. ...] a kind of rice, [Suśruta]
6) [v.s. ...] a kind of poisonous bulb
7) [v.s. ...] Name of Pulaka (a son of Prajāpati), [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
8) [v.s. ...] of a Nāga, [Mahābhārata i, 1561]
9) [from kard] n. flesh, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
10) [v.s. ...] Civet, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
11) [v.s. ...] mfn. covered with mud or mire or dirt, dirty, filthy, [Suśruta]
12) Kārdama (कार्दम):—mf(ī)n. ([from] kardama), made of mud, muddy, filled or covered with mud, [Rāmāyaṇa v, 27, 16; Pāṇini 4-2, 2; Kāśikā-vṛtti]
13) belonging to Prajāpati Kardama, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa iii, 24, 6.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryKardama (कर्दम):—(maḥ) 1. m. Mud; sin; a Prajāpati. f. mī a plant. n. Flesh.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Kardama (कर्दम) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Kaddama, Kaddamaga.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryKardama (कर्दम) [Also spelled kardam]:—(nm) mud, slime; sin.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusKardama (ಕರ್ದಮ):—
1) [noun] soft, moist, slippery mud esp. the sediments settled to the bottom of water in a lake, water-tank, etc.
2) [noun] water mixed with perfume.
3) [noun] any soiling matter, as mud, dust, dung, etc.; dirt.
4) [noun] an offense against God, religion or good morals; a sin.
5) [noun] the flesh of animals used as food; meat.
6) [noun] (myth.) one of the ten lords (Prajāpatis)of created beings, produced by the Creator of the universe, Brahma.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Kardama shali, Kardamabha, Kardamaka, Kardamakhya, Kardamaki, Kardamala, Kardamambhonibha, Kardamambore, Kardamamgarcu, Kardamamv, Kardamaraja, Kardamarajan, Kardamarshi, Kardamataka, Kardamavisarpa, Kardamayana, Kardamayani, Kardameva.
Ends with: Akardama, Camdanakardama, Devakardama, Ksharakardama, Kukardama, Mahatamalapattracandanakardama, Mahatamalapattrachandanakardama, Prehikardama, Prohakardama, Raktakardama, Rudhirakardama, Samranikardama, Vartmakardama, Yakshakardama.
Full-text (+95): Kardamika, Kardami, Kaddama, Kardamataka, Ksharakardama, Devahuti, Havirbhu, Kardamaki, Kardamiki, Kardameya, Prajadhyaksha, Ajyapa, Kardamaka, Yakshakardama, Karda, Sinivali, Devakardama, Kshama, Shankhapada, Shankhapad.
Relevant text
Search found 48 books and stories containing Kardama, Kārdama; (plurals include: Kardamas, Kārdamas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 12 - The Worlds of Nirṛti and Varuṇa < [Section 1 - Pūrvārdha]
Chapter 28 - Dharmadatta Attains Salvation < [Section 4 - Kārttikamāsa-māhātmya]
Chapter 3 - Śrī Vāsudeva to Be Worshipped by All < [Section 9 - Vāsudeva-māhātmya]
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 6.41 < [Chapter 6 - Dhyāna-yoga (Yoga through the Path of Meditation)]
Verse 6.45 < [Chapter 6 - Dhyāna-yoga (Yoga through the Path of Meditation)]
Ramayana of Valmiki (by Hari Prasad Shastri)
Chapter 87 - The Story of Ila < [Book 7 - Uttara-kanda]
Chapter 90 - Ila regains her natural State < [Book 7 - Uttara-kanda]
Chapter 14 - Jatayu reveals his Lineage to Rama < [Book 3 - Aranya-kanda]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.4.183 < [Chapter 4 - Vaikuṇṭha (the spiritual world)]
The Bhagavata Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 23 - Married Life of Kardama and Devahūti < [Book 3 - Third Skandha]
Chapter 24 - Kapila-Incarnation < [Book 3 - Third Skandha]
Chapter 21 - Kardama’s Penance—Viṣṇu’s Boon < [Book 3 - Third Skandha]
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
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