Kapinjala, Kapiñjala, Kapiñjalā, Kapimjala, Ka-piji-ala: 33 definitions
Introduction:
Kapinjala means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Dietetics and Culinary Art (such as household cooking)
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) refers to a type of meat according to the 17th century Bhojanakutūhala (dravyaguṇāguṇa-kathana), and is commonly found in literature dealing with the topics of dietetics and culinary art, also known as Pākaśāstra or Pākakalā.—The meats of [viz., kapiñjala] cooked in the fire of castor plant or in castor oil will instantaneously lead to death.
Kapiñjala (a partridge) is mentioned in a list of potential causes for indigestion.—A complete section in Bhojanakutūhala is devoted for the description of agents that cause indigestion [viz., kapiñjala (partridge)]. These agents consumed on a large scale can cause indigestion for certain people. The remedies [viz., kāṃsamūlapiṣṭa] for these types of indigestions are also explained therewith.
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) (lit. “one who is white”) is a synonym (another name) for the Kapiñjala, according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) is the name of a bird mentioned in the Ṛgveda .—The Sūkta 190 of the first Maṇḍala of the Ṛgveda popularly known as Viṣaghnopaniṣad, has been uttered by Agastya. [...] Agastya also records that a small bird (identified as Kapiñjala; Francoline Partridge) has swallowed the poison; as a result neither she nor the victim would die of poison: thus, the poison becoming nectar. Scholars opine that the following hymn is a mystical antidote for poison. It also mentions the Kapiñjala bird which decimates viṣa (Ṛgevada I.191.11).
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) is a Sanskrit word referring to the “grey partridge”. The meat of this animal is part of the māṃsavarga (‘group of flesh’), which is used throughout Ayurvedic literature. The animal Kapiñjala is part of the group of birds named Lāvādi, which is a sub-group of Viṣkira, refering to “birds similar to common quail who eat while scattering the gains”. It was classified by Caraka in his Carakasaṃhitā sūtrasthāna (chapter 27), a classical Ayurvedic work. Caraka defined such groups (vargas) based on the dietic properties of the substance.
The meat of the grey partridge (kapiñjala) is, due to its coldness, sweetness and lightness, benficial for the disorders of pitta, kapha, rakta and those having mildness of vāta.
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल)—Sanskrit word for a bird, corresponding to “grey partridge”, “gauratittiri” (Francolinus pondicerianus). This animal is from the group called Viṣkira (which scatter). Viṣkira itself is a sub-group of the group of animals known as Jāṅghala (living in high ground and in a jungle).
The flesh of the Kapinjala is light and cooling, and proves curative in cases of hæmoptysis, and is recommended in diseases brought about through the deranged condition of the Kapham or Vāyu (Manda-vāta).
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) is the Sanskrit name of one of Bharata’s sons, mentioned in the Nāṭyaśāstra 1.26-33. His name can also be spelled Kapiñjali. After Brahmā created the Nāṭyaveda (nāṭyaśāstra), he ordered Bharata to teach the science to his (one hundred) sons. Bharata thus learned the Nāṭyaveda from Brahmā, and then made his sons study and learn its proper application. After their study, Bharata assigned his sons (eg., Kapiñjala) various roles suitable to them.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) is the name of a mountain situated at lake Mahābhadra and mount Supārśva, according to the Varāhapurāṇa chapter 75. The Supārśva mountain lies on the western side of mount Meru, which is one of the seven mountains located in Jambūdvīpa, ruled over by Āgnīdhra, a grandson of Svāyambhuva Manu, who was created by Brahmā, who was in turn created by Nārāyaṇa, the unknowable all-pervasive primordial being.
Kapiñjalā (कपिञ्जला).—A river of ancient India. (Śloka 26, Chapter 9, Bhīṣma Parva).
1a) Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल).—A sage.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 200. 8.
1b) The king of kings to the Gandharvas in the Hemakūṭa hill.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 39. 52.
1c) A Mt.; between this hill and Nāga Śaila are many fine orchards.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 38. 66-70; 42. 67.
Kapiñjalā (कपिञ्जला) refers to the name of a River mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. VI.10.25). Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Kapiñjalā) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
1) Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) or Kapiñjalasaṃhitā is the name of an ancient Pāñcarātra Saṃhitā mentioned in the Puruṣottamasaṃhitā: a Pāñcarātra text consisting of more than 1800 verses devoted to temple-building and the practical concerns of the Pāñcarātra priestly community.—The Puruṣottama Saṃhitā presents a clear and concise treatment of its subjects, comparing favorably to such works as Aniruddhasaṃhitā (q.v.) and Kapiñjalasaṃhitā (q.v.). Like the latter of these two just-mentioned texts, the work at hand also contains a list of canonical titles in its opening chapter.
2) Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) or Kapiñjalasaṃhitā is also mentioned in the Viśvāmitrasaṃhitā: a Pāñcarātra text comprising some 2600 Sanskrit verses covering topics such as initiation (dīkṣā) and the construction, decoration and consecration of temples and icons, as well as routines of regular and special worship cycles.—
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) is the name of an ancient Sage who taught the Pāñcarātra to Kaśyapa, as discussed in the first chapter of the Kapiñjalasaṃhitā: a Pāñcarātra work consisting of 1550 verses dealing with a variety of topics such as worship in a temple, choosing an Ācārya, architecture, town-planning and iconography.—Description of the chapter [tantra-pāraṅgata-kīrtana]:—The scene is Kapiñjala’s hermitage on Mount Meru, where Kaśyapa comes to learn from the great sage Kapiñjala about Pāñcarātra. He has already studied the Vedas, Śāstras, etc., and now wants to know how to worship the Lord in His image form (1-9). [...]
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) or Kapiñjalasaṃhitā is the name of a Vaiṣṇava Āgama scripture, classified as a rājasa type of the Muniprokta group of Pāñcarātra Āgamas. The vaiṣṇavāgamas represent one of the three classes of āgamas (traditionally communicated wisdom).—Texts of the Pāñcara Āgamas are divided in to two sects. It is believed that Lord Vāsudeva revealed the first group of texts which are called Divya and the next group is called Muniprokta which are further divided in to three viz. a. Sāttvika. b. Rājasa (e.g., Kapiñjala-saṃhitā). c. Tāmasa.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Kavya (poetry)
1) Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) is the incarnation of Hiraṇyakaśipu and before that the Asura Kālanemi, and was later born as Bhāsa, father of Prabhāsa, according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 50. Accordingly, as Brahmā said to Indra during the war between Śrutaśarman and Sūryaprabha: “... for that Asura Namuci, who was so hard for the gods to subdue, and who was then born again as Prabala, one entire and perfect jewel, has now been born as the invincible Prabhāsa, son of Bhāsa, and Bhāsa too was in a former birth the great Asura Kālanemi, who afterwards became Hiraṇyakaśipu and then Kapiñjala”.
2) Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) is the name of a bird (pakṣin), according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 62. Accordingly, “... once on a time I lived in a certain tree, and below me in the same tree a bird, named Kapiñjala, had made a nest and lived. One day he went away somewhere, and he did not return for many days. In the meanwhile a hare came and took possession of his nest”.
The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Kapiñjala, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) is the name of a Vīra (hero) who, together with the Ḍākinī named Kapiñjalī forms one of the 36 pairs situated in the Vāyucakra, according to the 10th century Ḍākārṇava chapter 15. Accordingly, the vāyucakra refers to one of the three divisions of the dharma-puṭa (‘dharma layer’), situated in the Herukamaṇḍala. The 36 pairs of Ḍākinīs and Vīras [viz., Kapiñjala] are dark blue in color; they each have one face and four arms; they hold a skull bowl, a skull staff, a small drum, and a knife.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Biology (plants and animals)
Kapinjala in India is the name of a plant defined with Oryza sativa in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Oryza plena (Prain) Chowdhury (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Chin. J. Rice Sci. (1996)
· Proceedings of the Indian Science Congress Association (1987)
· Flora de Filipinas ed. 1 (1837)
· Kulturpflanze (1981)
· J. SouthW. Agric. Univ. (1994)
· Nomenclator Botanicus (1821)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Kapinjala, for example side effects, chemical composition, health benefits, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
kapiñjala : (m.) a kind of a partridge.
Kapiñjala, (Derivation unknown. Sk. kapiñjala) a wild bird, possibly the francolin partridge Kvu 268; J. VI, 538 (B. B. kapiñjara). (Page 186)
kapiñjala (ကပိဉ္ဇလ) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[ka+piji+ala．thoma．]
[က+ပိဇိ+အလ။ ထောမ။]
[Pali to Burmese]
kapiñjala—
(Burmese text): (၁) ကပိဉ္ဇရမည်သောငှက်၊ တိုက်ငှက်။ (၂) ခါ။ (၃) ပျံလွှားငှက်၊ မိုးစွေငှက်၊ မိုးစာငှက်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) The bird that is commonly found, the sparrow. (2) The event. (3) The soaring bird, the rain crow, the rain bird.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
kapiñjala (कपिंजल).—m S The francoline partridge.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल).—
1) The Chātaka bird; सोमपीथं तु यत्तस्य शिर आसीत्कपिञ्जलः (somapīthaṃ tu yattasya śira āsītkapiñjalaḥ) Bhāgavata 6.9.5.
2) The Tittiri bird.
Derivable forms: kapiñjalaḥ (कपिञ्जलः).
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल).—m.
(-laḥ) 1. A bird, the francoline partridge. 2. The Chataka.
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल).—m. 1. A bird, the francoline partridge, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 6, 9, 5. 2. A proper name, [Pañcatantra] 163, 20.
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल).—[masculine] a kind of partridge.
1) Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल):—m. ([etymology] doubtful) the francoline partridge, heathcock, [Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā; Taittirīya-saṃhitā; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Suśruta] etc.
2) Cuculus Melanoleucus (= caṭaka), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) Name of a Vidyādhara, [Bālarāmāyaṇa]
4) of a man, [Kādambarī]
5) of a sparrow, [Pañcatantra]
6) Kapiñjalā (कपिञ्जला):—[from kapiñjala] f. Name of a river, [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]
7) Kāpiñjala (कापिञ्जल):—mfn. ([from] kap), coming from the francoline partridge, [Kauśika-sūtra 46]
8) m. a [patronymic] [from] kap ([varia lectio] kup) [gana] śivādi.
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल):—(laḥ) 1. m. A partridge.
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल):—
1) m. Haselhuhn [Yāska’s Nirukta 3, 18. 9, 4. 5] (wo eine Var. kapiṅgala). [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 2, 8, 25] (tittiri). [Rājanirghaṇṭa] (tejala) im [Śabdakalpadruma] [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 24, 20. 38 (25, 3).] [Taittirīyasaṃhitā 2, 5, 1, 2.] [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 1, 6, 3, 3. 5, 5, 4, 4.] [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 20, 6, 6. 9. 21, 1, 12.] [Pāraskara’s Gṛhyasūtrāṇi 1, 19.] [BṚH. Devīmāhātmya] in [Weber’s Indische Studien 1, 118.] [Suśruta 1, 73, 7. 78, 14.] [Weber’s Verzeichniss No. 897.] Verschieden von tittiri [Vyutpatti oder Mahāvyutpatti 118.] [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 6, 9, 5.] Nach [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] = cātaka . —
2) m. Nomen proprium eines Mannes [KĀD.] in [morgenländischen Gesellschaft VII, 584.] eines Sperlings (caṭaka) [Pañcatantra 163, 20. fgg.] —
3) f. lā Nomen proprium eines Flusses [Viṣṇupurāṇa 183.] — Zerlegt sich in ka + piñjala; vgl. kupiñjala .
--- OR ---
Kāpiñjala (कापिञ्जल):—
1) adj. von kapiñjala [Kauśika’s Sūtra zum Atuarvaveda 46.] —
2) oxyt. patron. von kapiñjala v.l. im gaṇa śivādi zu [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 4, 1, 112.]
--- OR ---
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल):—
1) [Halāyudha 2, 99.] [Kāṭhaka-Recension 12, 10.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 48, 6. 86, 22.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 62, 47. fgg. 124, 108.] kapiñjalanyāyena carutrayam (der Text bloss carubhiḥ) [Kullūka] zu [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 8, 105.] Erscheinen die kapiñjala gewöhnlich zu dritt oder ist dieses eine Anspielung auf die in [Taittirīyasaṃhitā,] [Kāṭhaka-Recension] und [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa a. a. O.] erzählte Legende, dass einer von den drei Köpfen Viśvarūpa’s ein kapiñjala wurde?
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल):——
1) m. — a) Haselhuhn. — b) *Cuculus melanoleucus. — c) Nomen proprium — α) eines Vidyādhaara. [Bālarāmāyaṇa 89.12.] — β) eines Mannes. — γ) eines Sperlings. —
2) f. kapiñjalā Nomen proprium eines. Flusses.
--- OR ---
Kāpiñjala (कापिञ्जल):——
1) Adj. vom Haselhuhn. —
2) *m. Patron. von kapiñjala.
Kapiñjala (कपिञ्जल) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Kapiṃjala.
Kapiñjala (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 迦迦婆迦頻闍邏 [jiā jiā pó jiā pín dū luó]: “pheasant”.
2) 迦頻闍羅 [jiā pín dū luó]: “partridge”.
3) 雉 [zhì]: “pheasant”.
4) 鷓鴣 [zhè gū]: “partridge”.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Prakrit-English dictionary
Kapiṃjala (कपिंजल) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Kapiñjala.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Kapiṃjala (ಕಪಿಂಜಲ):—
1) [noun] the bird Cuculus Melanoleucus.
2) [noun] the bird of Phasianidae family (genus Francolinus); francoline partridge.
3) [noun] a kind of pigeon.
--- OR ---
Kapiṃjaḷa (ಕಪಿಂಜಳ):—[noun] = ಕಪಿಂಜಲ [kapimjala].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Pi ji, A la, Ka, Ala.
Starts with: Kapincalam, Kapinjalada, Kapinjaladi, Kapinjaladya, Kapinjalaka, Kapinjalanyaya, Kapinjalaraja, Kapinjalarma, Kapinjalasamhita, Kapinjalasana.
Full-text (+148): Kapinjalasamhita, Kapinjali, Panjarakapinjala, Kapinjalanyaya, Jia pin du luo, Kapinjalada, Jia jia po jia pin du luo, Kapinjalasana, Kapingala, Kapincalam, Kakunjala, Zhe gu, Tittira, Upasmriti, Kapimja, Kapinjaladya, Kapinjaladi, Bhadrasoma, Tejala, Kapilacam.
Relevant text
Search found 61 books and stories containing Kapinjala, Ka-piji-ala, Kapimjala, Kapiṃjala, Kapiṃjaḷa, Kapiñjala, Kapiñjalā, Kāpiñjala, Kapiñjaḷa, Kapinjaḷa; (plurals include: Kapinjalas, alas, Kapimjalas, Kapiṃjalas, Kapiṃjaḷas, Kapiñjalas, Kapiñjalās, Kāpiñjalas, Kapiñjaḷas, Kapinjaḷas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Mimamsa in Medhatithi (study) (by A. R. Joshi)
Introduction to Kapinjala Nyaya < [Part 2.7 - Kapinjala Nyaya]
“Kapinjala Nyaya” in Manubhasya 2.6 < [Part 2.7 - Kapinjala Nyaya]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Devi Bhagavata Purana (by Swami Vijñanananda)
Satapatha-brahmana (by Julius Eggeling)
Kanda XIII, adhyaya 5, brahmana 1 < [Thirteenth Kanda]
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)
Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)